沪教版-七下-Unit-2-讲义加练习

沪教版七(下)Unit 2 Travelling around the world一.重要短语1. (be) famous for 以而著名2. department store 百货商店3. prefer to do更喜欢做某事4. go on holiday 去度假5. go sightseeing 去观光6. western Europe 西欧7. the capital of 的省城8. place of interest名胜古迹 (复数)9. such as 比如10. be famous for 因为而著名 well-known1.1 in the center of 在中心1.2 on the coast在海岸线上，在海岸13 .department store 百货商场14 .prefer to do更喜欢做某事15 .try doing 尝试做某事 (try to do)16 .be close to 接近于17 .be different from 不同于18 .be far away from 远离 19 .make grape vine 酿造葡萄酒二、课文语言点1、Travelling around the world(1) aroundprep： 围绕；在周围 Eg The earth goes around the sun地球围绕太阳转adv : 大约，到处 Eg The bag is around three kilos这个包大约有三公斤2、The French flag 法国国旗(1) Frenchadj:法国的，法国人的，法语的 Eg: Do you like French dishes?你喜欢法国菜吗？ n：法语/法国人Eg: The villagers spoke French村民们讲法语On my way home, I met a Frenchman在回家的路上，我遇到了一个法国人3、Don be silly 别说傻话(1) Sillyadj：糊涂的,没头脑的Eg: Oh, how silly you all are!哦，你们都那么傻 常用句式：be silly to do sth = its silly of sb to do sth 做某事是愚蠢的Eg: You are silly to spend so much money on clothes= Its silly of you to spend so much money on clothes你花那么多钱买衣服，真是愚蠢4. Franceis in Western Europe.western adj.西面的， 西部的 “ west n.西方Western 欧美的，西方的 eg. the Western countrie曲方国家 Western culture 西方文化 eg. My house is in the western part of the town.拓展词根-ern表示方位。eg.eastern东方的，东部的southern南方的，南部的northern北方的，北部的 southeastern东南的，东南部的 southwestern西南的，西南部的 northwestern西北的，西北部的 northeastern东北的，东北部的5. Here you will find many famous places of interest such as the Eiffel Tower.a. Here 指代 “In Paris ”b. Places of interest 名胜古迹 interest Un.兴趣，趣味There are many places of interest in Beijing. His interest is reading.c. such as例如“用来补充说明前面的事物eg. They planted flowers such as roses in the garden.区分：such as & for examplesuch as用来列举整体之中的部分同类事物，插在被列举事物与前面的名词之间。其后面 不可有逗号，后接n&n词组，还可以与and so on连用，可以举多个例子eg. I visited some cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Dalian.for example可缩写成e.g.用来列举说明。在句中多作插入语，可置于句首，句中，句末。 其后需有逗号。常用来举一个例子eg. I d like to keep a petexample,a dog.6. France is very famous fo门ts wine.be famous for 因而闻名 eg. China is famous for the Great Wall.be famous as 以（身份）而出名 eg. MoYan was famous as a writer.区分：be famous for & be famous asa.当主语时表示人的名词时，be famous for表示 因作品或特征而出名，be famous as则 表示作为某种身份而出名”eg. He is famous for his great inventions. He is famous as a great inventor.b.当主语时表示地点的名词时，be famous for表示因某种特点（产品。建筑。名胜）而 出名be famous as!示 以什么产地/地方而出名”eg. France is famous for its fine food and wine. The town is famous as a wine-producing place.7. .and farmers grow grapes to make excellent French wine.a. excellent adj.= very good/wonderful 优秀的， 极好的。Be excellent at/in sth 在某方面优秀eg. She is excellent at sports.b. make wine 酿造葡萄酒 These wines are all made from grapes.拓展make制作构成以下句式A. be made by sb 由某人制成eg. This coat was made by my mother.B. be made of sth 由 制成（制成品能看出原材料 ） eg. Our desks are made of wood.C. be made from由制成（制成品看不出原材料）eg. This kind of paper is made from grass.D. be made into 被制成 eg. Wood can be made into many kinds of furniture.E. be made in在一 地方制作或生产 Eg. This kind of car is made in Beijing.8. The south of France lies on the coast, and it is famous for its wonderful beaches.On the coast 在海岸线上，在海岸 Eg. We live on the coast.9. A French town by the sea is the perfect place for a summer holiday法国的海滨/、镇是夏季完美的度假地（1） by the sea 在海边；by the river 在河边D 备注：by the sea和by sea乘船 的区另Eg： We stayed in the hotel by the sea.He went by sea, and sent his heavy boxes by the sea.10. if you prefer to visit France in winter,you can try skiing on the mountains in the French Apls. prefer to do sth=like to do sth better 更喜欢做某事eg. He prefers to walk in the rain. I prefer to spend the weekend at home.a. prefer + n/vingeg. Do you prefer meat or fish?-Do you like swimming?-Yes, but I prefer skiing.b. prefer A or B 喜欢 A 胜过 B （A 和 B 可以是 n&vinng ）I prefer dogs to cats.I prefer staying at home to going out.c. prefer to do sth rather than do sth更愿意 .不愿 .We preferred to walk rather than take a bus.I prefer to go shopping rather than stay at home.=I prefer going shopping to staying at home.try doing sth尝试做某事1 usually go there by train.Why not try going by boat for a change?区分：try to do & try doingTry to do表示努力设法去做某事，试图，尽力做某事。He tried to climb the tree, but he could not.Try doing表示尝试着去做某事，经常表示建议做某事Why don t you try listening to some light music?11. Why not visit France this year? =Why don t you visit France this year?=How/What about visiting?拓展表示建议的表达有：A. Why not do sth?/ Why don t you do sth?么不.呢？Why not ask for your teacher s help?=Why don fdr yooutaacherhelp?B. What/How about (doing) sth? What about going to play football?C. Would you like /love (to do) sth? Would you like to go to the cinema with me?D. Shall I/we do sth?我们做 .好吗？ Shall we go to the park this Sunday?E. Let s do ., shall wet? s listen to musshall we?F.主语+had better (not) do sth?You d better go to hospital at once.You d better not stay at home all day.12. It is very different from the buildings in .be different from 与不同” 反义词词组是 be the same as 和样”She is different from other girls.她与其他女孩不同。My watch is the same as yours. 我的手表和你的样。different的名词形式为 difference 区别，不同”13. go shopping去购物” “go+v.ing”构成固定短语，意为“去做某事”，多用于体育活 动或业余休闲活动。常见的短语有：go swimming 去游泳 go sightseeing 去观光 go fishing 去钓鱼go skating 去滑冰 go cycling 去骑自行车 go boating 去划船14. think of 想起，记起，想出”They think of a wonderful idea.他们想出一个很妙的主意Think about 思考，考虑 We are thinking about going to Paris.我们正在考虑去巴黎。Think over 仔细思考 “ Think it over, and you can find the answer very soon.15. another另外的，又一 ”指三个或三个以上以及不确定数量中的“另一个，又一个”The other另一个指两者当中的另一个16、There are many vineyards in the centre of France and farmers grow grapes to make excellent French wine.在法国中部有许多葡萄园，农民们种植葡萄来制造法国佳酿。1) in the centre of意为“在中部，在中心”People s Square is in the centre of Shanghai 民广场位于上海市中心。2) grow 种植，生长，长大，留(头发，指甲)，变成，开始Plants grow from seeds.中子长出植物。Claire is growing her long hair.克莱尔在留长发。It began to grow dark.天色开始渐暗。17、 The south of France lies on the coast, and it is famous for its wonderful beaches. 法国 南部靠近海岸，以漂亮的海滩闻名。1) on 意为 “at or near a place 在， 接近” 的意思2）方向west （西） （东） eastsouth （南）li3） lie位于，坐落在”；“躺，撒谎” lie的现在分词是lying lied （撒谎） He lied to his mother.他对他妈妈撒谎含义过去式过去分词现在分词lie躺；位于laylainlyinglie说谎liedliedlyinglay放置；卜蛋laidlaidlaying力18 .very boring 非常无聊 boring adj.无聊的，令人厌倦的 辨析：boring 与 boredThis is a boring book. 这是一本乏味的书。lay （躺，位于） she lay on the grass. 她躺在草地上boring “无聊的， 无趣的，乏味的” 一般修饰物bored “无聊的,无趣的，厌倦的”般修饰人19. far away from the sea远离大海 Far away from 离远，远离 ” away可以省略。表示离某处有多远用beaway fromThe factory is 500 meters away from our school .那家工厂离我们学校 500 米远。20. close to the sea 靠近大海 Close to 靠近” 相当于 next to,Close adj 近的，接近的；“亲密的，密切的”I have spmeclose friends我有一些亲密的朋友Close作动词“关，关闭” 反义词 open Close the window, please 请关上窗户21. Kelly enjoys skiing in winter.凯利喜欢在冬天滑雪。enjoy “喜欢，享受的乐趣”Do you enjoy working in China?你喜欢在中国工作吗？注意：enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事” enjoy playing computer games.Enjoy oneself =have fun=have a good/great/wonderful time 过得快乐, 玩得愉快。We enjoy ourselves on Sundays.在星期天我们玩得很开心。22. in the north of在的北部”，介词in在此表示立位辨析：方位介词in, on与toin表示“在某个范围之内”Suzhou is in Jiangsu Province. 苏州位于江苏省 on表示“在某个范围之外，两地接壤”Jiangsu is on the south of Shandong 苏位于山东南部into表示“在某个范围之外，两地不接壤”toJapan is to the east of China 日本在中国的东边。单元语法：一、专有名词1、 定义： 专有名词表示特定的人名、 地名或组织机构的名称， 专有名词一般具有独一性。1）人名，地名：Jenny珍妮Smith史密斯 China中国Asia亚洲London伦敦2）组织机构、时间、书籍报刊等名称：the United Nations联合国 Bank of China中 国银行May五月份 Sunday星期天 Time时代周刊 the New York Times纽 约时报3）家庭关系名称、个人头衔：Mum 妈妈 Grandpa 爷爷 Doctor Black 布莱克先生Captain Grey 格雷船长/机长Mr Hopkins 霍普金斯先生Miss White 怀特小姐2、专有名词注意事项：1） A ： 因为专有名词具有专有独一性， 所以一般情况下， 专有名词的第一个字母要大写，不能在专有名词前面加不定冠词a/ an,也不能在专有名词词尾加上表示复数形式的“ -s”Beijing is the capital of China.北京是中国的首都。B：有时专有名词可以转化成普通名词，转化后它便具有普通名词的特性了，即可在前面 加上不定冠词a/an,在词尾加上表示复数形式的“ -s”。A Mr Green called just now. 刚才有位格林先生打来电话。此时， a Mr Green 相当于 a man called Mr Green。2）姓氏是专有名词，一般没有复数形式，而且也不能加定冠词“the”。但是，当姓氏前面加定冠词“ the”，在后面加“ -s”时，就表示一家人的意思。The Blacks moved house three weeks ag布莱克一家三周前搬走了。3）有些专有名词表面上看是复数形式，但是在实际应用中谓语动词通常用单数形式。The United Nations looks after the whole world 联合国要守护全世界。这里把the United Nations看成一个整体。二、连词and、but、 so与or （我们可以用连词来连接两个意思紧密的句子，也可以连接两个相同的成分。）1、 and 的用法：1） and 是“和，还，而且”的意思，用于连接形容词、副词、名词或句子。Ive got a red and blue shi做有一件红蓝相间的衬衫。（连接两个形容词）Please do your homework slowly and carefully.请慢慢，仔细地做你的家庭作业。（连接两个副词）Bob and Janet dance鲍勃和珍妮特跳了舞。（连接两个名词）I met John and we talked for a while我遇到了约翰，还聊了一会儿。（连接两个句子）2）当and用于连接两个句子或短语时，我们可以省略重复的部分。He is sitting there and （he is） watching TV他正坐在那里看电视。I need to go to the post office and （to） the library 要去由 B 局和图书馆。3）在连接两个单词或简短的句子时，and前不用加逗号。I bought a hat and a sca破买了一顶帽子和一条围巾。4）如果and连接的内容超过两个，则需要使用逗号，但and前不适用逗号。I bought a hat, a scarf and a co破买了一顶帽子，一条围巾和一件外套。5）忘记使用and是一个常见的错误。He bought chicken wings, hot dogs to the barbecu啾误）He bought chicken wings and hot dogs to the barbecue.正确）2、or或者，否则，表示选择。Get up early, or you lb beWhech do you prefer, this one or that one?注：当or表示 和”时，用于否定句或疑问句中；而 and用于肯定句中。3、but的用法:1） but意为但是，可是。用于连接前后内容不同或相反的句子，表示转折的含义。Joan can sing but she can dance琼会唱歌，但不会跳舞。（肯定 +but+否定）Our flat is new but very small.我们的公寓很新，但很小。（好 +but+坏）2）我们还可以用but来比较句子的主语。和and一样，使用but时，也要避免重复相同 的部分。Sally likes swimming but Doris doesnt（ like swimming）.萨利喜欢游泳，但多利不喜欢。3）有时候，我们也可以把否定的部分置于but的前面。Martin isnt happy but I am.马丁不开心，但我很开心。4、so的用法：意为因此，所以，表达的是结果。so不能放在句首原因结果It rained heavily,雨卜地彳艮大， I enjoy drawing, 我喜欢回回，so we stayed at hom新以我们呆在家里。so I am in the Art Club.所以我参加艺术社。Because意为因为，由于，表达原因。在一个句子不能同时出现because so。He was hungry, so he ate a lo他饿了，所以吃了很多东西。课堂练习一、 词语运用1、Hangzhou is the palace to g this summer.2、Which park is the most b in Dalian?3、Beijing is the c of China4、We are going to visit the science m next Sunday.5、The word e means very good.6、Germany as well as France is a country(west)7、There is a film tonight. Lets go and see it .(wonder)8、My grandpa was a in the past.(farm)9、Hainan is famous for its.(beach)10、Why not try a card yourself?(make)11、People from speak. (French, France)12、This story is about three . (French, Frenchman, Frenchmen)13、France is famous its food. (as, for)14、Tom jumps than me. (taller, higher)15、Don t be. (fool, silly)二、选词填空(必要时，须改变单词的形式。)support remember forget encourage simplecelebrate special gift perfect plan1. Don t to turn off the light when you leave the room.2. Sorry, I can t his name. Please tell me again.3. We are a trip to Beijing this summer.4. Do you know the saying that practice makes?5. Don t lose heart mother me.6. Thank you .You will be great help for us.7. How did you May Day this year?8. It is a birthday for my brother.9. He told us his idea in English. We could understand him.10.Is there anything in the papers today?Be famous for department store prefer to why not try skiing the capital of1. Washington D.C is the USA.2. visit the Summer Palace this weekerl d That s really a good idea.3. Beijing its ancient places of interest such as the Great Wall and ThePalace Museum.4. -Shall we in Switzerland this winter holiday?-Wow, that be really nice .5. Tokyo is an Asian city with many huge, so a lot of tourists go there to shop every year.6. I d stay at home because it is too hot outside.三、单项选择()1.Ill stay in Changchun at least three days.A . About B.for C. Around D. Over.()2.-John, Why not the Great Wall this holiday?-Great, We can try to the top.A. visit , climbing B. visiting , climbing C. visiting , climb D. visit , climb ( )3.Harbin lies in the of ChinaA. east B. southC.west( )4.How about going to Hong Kong? It has for everyone.A. everything B. something C. anything()5.You can buy MP4 you like listening to music.A. andB. ifC. when()6. He living in the country to the city.A. likesB.prefersC.enjoys()7. All this gracious (优裕的)living is not for me. I the simple life.A. have B. need C. think D. prefer()8. They often go in December because it s a very good sport.A. shopping B. sighting C. skiing D. boating()9. There are do many steps to the top floor . You can _ the lift.A. get B. Bring C. Carry D take ()10. Cold tea makes an drink in summer.A. excellent B. interesting C. nice D. useful ()11.London is capital of the UK.A. The - the B. .the. a D. the a()12. those places of interesting in Beijing attract a lot of tourists every year. People areinterested in very much.A. it B. its C. they D. them ()13. Shanghai lies the coast of East China.A. at B. on C. in D. to()14. If you go to Shanghai , you will find many famous interesting places theOriental Pearl Tower and Jinmao TowerA. such as B. for example C. because of D. full of（）15. -Do you know Hemingway ?-Yes, He a writer and his works-The Old Man and theSea.A. is famous for, is famous for B. is famous for, is famous asC. is famous as, is famous asD. is famous as, is famous for（）16. -Helen, where are you?-I hear Kunming is a good place .So I will pay a visit to it.A. going for holiday, going B. going on holiday, to goC. going for holiday, to goD. going on holiday, going（）17. -Where s your new scho？ol-It in the centre of our city.A. lies B. lay C. lied D. lays四、翻译Task I. 根据提示填写单词或句子1. Please write back to me as soon as （可能的） _.2. Im planning to travel to （欧洲 ） next week.3. No one is （完美的）， but we should try to be （完美的）.4. Which cities are in the （南方）of China, do you know?5. The oriental Pearl TV （塔） of Shanghai is 468 metres tall.6. （法国） is a wonderful place to go for a holiday .7. Read the 介绍（）to this book before you buy it.8. It is right and （适当的）to do this.9. What would you like to do on your （假日 ）.10.I bought a （明信片）yesterdays.11 .His report onBeautiful China is （very good）12 .You can play computer games after you your homework.（complete）13 .My mother goes to department and does some shopping every Sunday（big shops）14 .Write your clearly at the top of your letter. （name of place）15 .Which do you,tea or coffee?（ likebetter）Task II. 根据所给的汉语完成句子翻译。（每空词数不限）1 中国有哪些沿海城市？Which cities in China are?2 西安是座古城，有很多名胜古迹。Xi an is an with many.3 农民种植葡萄酿造葡萄酒。Farmerswine.4 法国的海滨小镇是夏季完美的度假地。A French town is the perfect place.5 .中国因长城著称。China the Great Wall.五、同义句改写1.1 prefer spring I spring 2 .Guangdong is in the south of China Guangdong in the south of China.3 .Why not go and visit the art museum?Why go and visit the are museum?4 .There is a big department store in the middle of the city.There is a big department store in the of the city.5 .Mary is a very good student in our class.Mary isstudent in our class.六、阅读而Hemingway was one of the most famous writers. He was born in America in 1899.His father was a doctor and loved sports very muh, and his mother taught music. Among the six children in the family ,Hemingway was the second oldest.Hemingway wrote many books in his life. The Old Man and the Sea is one of the most famous novels and also my favourite . It came out in 1952.The main characteri 要人物)in the book is a fisherman. He is an old man who fishes alone. People think he is an old man with bad luck, because he doesn t get a fish in efohtyday. Every evening, he comes home with his empty boat. But the old man believes himself. The man gets a big fish on the eighty-fifth day. Although he meets a lot of trouble (麻烦)the old man never gives up.(放弃)()36. Hemingway s father loved.A. books B. sports C. music D. art()37. The Old Man and the Sea was published in. A. 1852 B. 1899 C. 1952D.1989()38. The old man doesn t get a fish until the dayA. fifteenthB. eightieth C .eighty-fourth D. eighty-fifth()39. What does the old man do when he can t get a fish?A. He has to look for food B. He doesn t give ushing C .He doesn t fish any moreD. He has nothing to do()40. What can we learn from the old man?A. When we are in trouble, we should not give up.B. When we want to fish, we can get a big fish.C. We can do everything because we are young.D. We can live a better life if we like fishing.七 用连词and, but,和so填空。My brother is ill,I have to stay at home.He has a lot of money,he spends little.Take some medicine,you will feel better. I came to see him,he wa n at home. Work hard,you will pass the English exam.