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定义定义:定语从句是起定语作用定语从句是起定语作用, ,修饰名修饰名词或代词的从句。被修饰的名词或代词的从句。被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。定语从词或代词称为先行词。定语从句一般位于先行词后。定语从句一般位于先行词后。定语从句往往用关系副词和关系代词句往往用关系副词和关系代词引导，关系词在定语从句中担引导，关系词在定语从句中担任某种成分。任某种成分。1.Is he the man who(that) wants to see you?2.The number of people who(that) were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.3.The army organized teams to dig out those who(that) were trapped and to bury the dead.4.He is the man whom(that/who) I saw yesterday. 1.Your speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.2.A huge crack that(which) was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canal.3.Do you like the book that(which) you borrowed yesterday?4.Please pass me the book whose cover is green. 5.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.USAGES 关系代词关系代词指人做主语，指人做主语， WHO与与THAT的区别的区别一般情况都可以互换，但在下列情况下一般情况都可以互换，但在下列情况下A.只用只用who不用不用that1. 当先行词是当先行词是those,she,he they,one(s),anyone等代词时。等代词时。2. 一个从句中有两个定语从句，其一个从句中有两个定语从句，其中一个是中一个是that，另一个用，另一个用who。3. 当先行词有较长的定语时，用当先行词有较长的定语时，用who。4. 主句以主句以 there be 引导引导 B. 只用只用that不用不用who1. 先行词是先行词是who，或，或who引导引导的主句。的主句。2. 先行词在定语从句中做表语先行词在定语从句中做表语 e.g. She isnt the girl that she was 10 years ago.指人做主语，指人做主语， WHO与与THAT的区别的区别指物做主语，指物做主语，whichwhich和和thatthat的区别的区别一般情况都可以互换，但在下列情况下一般情况都可以互换，但在下列情况下A.A.只用只用thatthat不用不用whichwhich1.1.先行词是形容词最高级，或被最高级先行词是形容词最高级，或被最高级修饰时修饰时2.2.先行词是序数词，或被序数词修饰时先行词是序数词，或被序数词修饰时3.3.主句已有疑问词主句已有疑问词whichwhich时时4.4.先行词既有人又有物时先行词既有人又有物时5. 先行词是先行词是all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one 等代词时等代词时6. 先行词被先行词被only, any, few, little, no, all, one of, the same, the very等修饰时等修饰时7. 有两个定语从句，其中一个用有两个定语从句，其中一个用which, 另一个用另一个用that指物做主语，指物做主语，WHICH和和THAT的的区别区别B. 只用只用which不用不用that1.非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句2.限制性定语从句限制性定语从句 （1）关系词前有介词）关系词前有介词 （2）如果有两个定语从句，其中一个）如果有两个定语从句，其中一个 用用that，另一个用，另一个用which做宾语时，往往可以省略做宾语时，往往可以省略但是做介词的宾语，且介词提前，但是做介词的宾语，且介词提前，即结构是即结构是“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”时时指物只能用指物只能用which，指人只能用，指人只能用whom1.Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.2.He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.3.The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people.定语从句的辨认与使用定语从句的辨认与使用 思考步骤：思考步骤： （1）找出先行词）找出先行词 a.确定关系代词的人称、数和性确定关系代词的人称、数和性 b.确定从句位置（一般在先行词之后）确定从句位置（一般在先行词之后） （2）确定关系代词在从句中所担任的成）确定关系代词在从句中所担任的成 （3）确定从句时态）确定从句时态引导定语从句的关系副词有引导定语从句的关系副词有WHEN,WHERE与与WHYwhen表示时间表示时间,其先行词往往是表示时其先行词往往是表示时间的名词间的名词(如如day,hour,year,date等等)。where表示地点，其先行词往往是地点表示地点，其先行词往往是地点名词（如名词（如place,house,street,area等等)。why表示原因，常用在先行词表示原因，常用在先行词reason后。后。关系副词在定语从句中做关系副词在定语从句中做状语状语1.The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.2.The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometres away.3.This was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.4.The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest.5.We have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.是不是见先行词是表时间是不是见先行词是表时间-when-when 先行词是表地点先行词是表地点- where- where 先行词是先行词是reason-reason-why-why1. The reason _ she gives for not coming to the party is that her mother wont let her. A. why B. which 2. Is that the house _ you bought last year? A. where B. which填空：填空：1. Look at that lady _ name is Pochi.2. He is a teacher _ I like very much.3. Those pictures _ were drawn by Tom are nice.4. Those _will go to the park stay here.5. That was all the money _I had.whose whom/thatwhich/that whothat6. Tom is the first boy _ left the room.7. Look at the boy and his dog _are coming this way.8. You can read any book _I have.9. That was the year _I went to America.10. we came to the town, _we stayed for 2 hours.who/thatthatthatwhenwhere基础练习基础练习1. Is that the house _ you bought last year? A. where B. which2. Is that the picture _ you are laughing at? A. which B.where3. It is the most interesting book _Ill ever read. A. which B. thatBBA4.The street _is to the park is very narrow. A. where B. which5.The person _finds my watch will get a reward. A. who B. when6.This is the room _ we listened to the lecture. A. which B. whereBAB7.The boy _mother is ill can not come to the party.A. who B. whose8.Tell me the reason _ you are late.A. which B. whyBB1. The man _ I saw told me to wait.2. The man to _ I spoke was a foreigner.3. I know a boy _ father is an acrobat. (杂技演员杂技演员)4. He saw a house _ windows were all broken.Fill in the blanks with who, whom, whose, which and that.whowhomwhosewhose5. All the apples _ fall are eaten by wild boars.6. Can you think of anyone _ could look after him?7. This is the best hotel _ I know.8. He showed a machine _ parts are too small to be seen.thatthatthatwhich1.This is all_I know about the matter. A.that B.what C.who D.whether2.Is there anything else_you want? A.which B.that C.who D.what3.The last place _we visited was the Great Wall. A.which B.that C.where D. itChoose the best answers:4. Please take the second chair_is over there. A. where B. which C. who D. that 5.Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B./ C.which D.it 6.Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police（NMET98) A. which B. what C. whatever D. that 7. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _ in the forest. A. once the grew B. they grew once C. that once grew D. once grew.8. I dont like _ you speak to her. A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which9. The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we expected. A. what B. which C. that D. it10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows; most of _ hadnt been cleaned for ten years. A. these B. those C. that D. which
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