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专业好文档Unit Six Key to Exercisesl. Comprehension Check i l.B 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.B l0.A Fii (略) iii (略) lI. Vocabulary Study i 1. As a matter of fact 2. are plagued 3. versus 4. have been reflecting on 5. positive 6. is implementing 7. will enroll 8. has been enriched 9. aspiration 10. academic ll. wel1-informed 12. commitment to ii l. relevance to 2. voiced 3. plague 4. enhance 5. ret1ected 6. otherwise 7. aspirations 8. rated 9. strengthened l0. has been declining iii 1.d 2.c 3.f 4.h 5.g 6.c 7.a 8.blII. Clozel.B 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.A l0.Dll.C 12.B l3.A l4.B l5.D l6.B l7.B 18.C l9.C 20.BlV. Translationl. Passing the English examination should enhance your chances of getting the post.2. The discovery of gold in the va1leys will enrich the poor mountain area.3. Only when the police confronted her with evidence did she admit that she had sto1en the money.4. The meeting wi1l afford you an opportunity of hearing good pub1ic speakers.5. An official statement laid to rest the remaining fears about possible redundancies in the industry.6. Mary is Pretty bright. As a matter of fact, her teacher told me that she is certain to get a university place this year.V. Writing Practicel. l) Computers are advanced machines that can store and recall information at very high speed. Computers are easy and interesting to use; however, some people are afraid of computers. I used to be afraid of computers, too, because of the fear of failure and because I knew nothing about Programming. But actually I have learned that the procedures of working on computers are very easy.2) When we were very young, we believed that parents could do no wrong. Indeed, they seemed to us to be perfect human beings who knew all the answers to our problems and who cou1d solve any problems that we had. However, as we grow older, we find that parents can make mistakes, too.3) Todays children are our future men and women. They will become the dominant force one day. If they receive proper guidance and have a nice childhood, they will contribute immeasurably to our society after they have grown up. In other words, todays children are going tohave a significant impact on our society in the future; therefore, parents should not neglect the proper conditions that children need during their childhood.2.(略)Key to supplementary readingA l.D 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.B 7.A 8.DB l.F 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.F 6.T 7.T 8.F 9.T l0.T参考译文 社会服务经历时大学生的影响 琳达J 萨克斯大学期间，参加社会服务的学生比不参加社会服务的学生更能提高自己的领导能力和社交方面的自信。l 当前对高等教育最迫切的要求是它能重新担负起其最初的使命，即培养广闻博见、独立思考、社会意识强的公民。2高等教育究竟该怎样才能做到既能进一步提高学生的公民意识，又能解决仍在困扰社会的诸多问题呢？3一种解决方案在于大学的课程设置，即把“社会服务学习”作为简单但强有力的教育工具“服务学习”的深层含义就是运用社区或公共服务经验来提高传统课堂教学内容的意义和影响，把社会服务直接同教学内容结合在一起，这与通常所说的“自愿者”到社区服务是完全不同的、“社会服务学习”也不意味着简单地把一班学生送到社区去以获取额外的学分设计合理的“社会服务学习”课程是把社区服务经历同课堂内容联系在一起，并要求学生以书面、讨论或课堂发言的形式对自己的经历进行认真的思考。通过给学生提供机会，使他们能在现实社会中“验证“或“证明”抽象的理论。“社会服务学习”课程不仅丰富了传统的教学内容，而且为社会服务提供了知识基础；使其提高了服务质量。4 在任何一个学术领域中；“社会服务学习”都能够推广起来、例如，学心理学的学生就可以为那些处于危险状态的中小学生提供咨询、指导和戒毒教育的服务。为考察学生成绩和社区服务经验的关系，我们对大学生35门课程的学习成绩进行了以下几方面的考察：公民责任感、学术成就和生活能力。最明显的结果是：参加社会服务学习活动对学生35门课程的成绩都产生了良好影响。 公民责任感5在公民责任感方面，社会服务的影响最强、例如，在要求学生回答入学以来他们的“社区服务贡献意识”是如何改变的时候，许多参加社会服务的学生在跟踪调查的问卷中回答他们的社会服务贡献意识比上大学一年级时“增强”或者“比以前强多了”，这个人数是不参加社会服务的两倍多（60比 28）、对学生们的近期计划的问卷结果也同样受人关注；比不参加社会服务者多3倍的社会服务参加者（39比9）表示，他们准备在这个秋季去从事自愿者工作。此外，在大学期间参加社会服务的学生比那些不参加社会服务的学生更有可能加强他们在下列生活目标上的贡献意识：促进种族间的理解、参加社区行动计划项目和影响社会价值观念。 学业成就6反对在大学期间自愿参加社会服务的最普遍的呼声也许是认为社会服务占去了学生的时间和精力，否则，学生会用这些时间和精力去做学术研究、这一争论已随着我们纵向分析结 果的出现而平息。因为分析结果表明川门学习成绩都受到社会服务显著的正面影响。分析表明，尽管从学生的平均积分点看；对他们直接的收益很小大约为一个积分点，但事实上其影响是积极的，从统计学角度来看很显著。在那些高中成绩至少是平均B+的学生中，69的参加社会服务的学生（同56的不参加社会服务的学生相比）能在大学保持至少平均 B+的成绩；在那些入学时成绩为 B或低于平均分的学生中，27的参加社会服务的学生（同 19不参加社会服务的学生相比）能在大学至少将成绩提高到平均为 B+7 有意义的是，在基础知识方面，在某一领域或学科知识方面，以及在准备攻读研究生学位 或专业学位方面，参加社会服务的学生比那些不参加社会服务的学生更有可能说大学期间 他们有了“较强”或“强得岁的变化。参加社会服务的学生比那些不参加社会服务的学生往往学的课程更多一些、最后，社会服务活动后的调查分析表明，尽管两组学生在攻读博士学位或高级专业学位方面的愿望和活动前的调查分析相比都有所下降，但那些不参加社会服务的学生下降程度更大些。 生活能力8在生活能力上，从所分析的8门课程成绩看，参加社会服务的学生比那些不参加社区服务的学生表现出更为积极的变化、其中最大的变化在于对社区问题的理解，对不同种族文化的认识，对不同种族文化的认可，以及人际交往能力的提高、其他有益的变化还包括对这个国家的社会问题的理解，合作能力、解决社会冲突问题的能力以及严谨思考的能力的提高。9 参与社会服务的现实价值进一步显示在令学生满意的三个积极作用上：提供领导机遇、课堂教学与日常生活密切联系、为将来的择业做好准备。最后，在大学期间，参加社会服务的学生社交自信和领导能力比那些不参加社会服务的学生都提高得快事实上，在参加社会服务的学生自我评价领导能力提高的同时，那些不参加社会服务的学生却表明了在这方面的能力略有下降。Editors note: Judson Jones is a meteorologist, journalist and photographer. He has freelanced with CNN for four years, covering severe weather from tornadoes to typhoons. Follow him on Twitter: jnjonesjr (CNN) - I will always wonder what it was like to huddle around a shortwave radio and through the crackling static from space hear the faint beeps of the worlds first satellite - Sputnik. I also missed watching Neil Armstrong step foot on the moon and the first space shuttle take off for the stars. Those events were way before my time.As a kid, I was fascinated with what goes on in the sky, and when NASA pulled the plug on the shuttle program I was heartbroken. Yet the privatized space race has renewed my childhood dreams to reach for the stars.As a meteorologist, Ive still seen many important weather and space events, but right now, if you were sitting next to me, youd hear my foot tapping rapidly under my desk. Im anxious for the next one: a space capsule hanging from a crane in the New Mexico desert.Its like the set for a George Lucas movie floating to the edge of space.You and I will have the chance to watch a man take a leap into an unimaginable free fall from the edge of space - live.The (lack of) air up there Watch man jump from 96,000 feet Tuesday, I sat at work glued to the live stream of the Red Bull Stratos Mission. I watched the balloons positioned at different altitudes in the sky to test the winds, knowing that if they would just line up in a vertical straight line we would be go for launch.I feel this mission was created for me because I am also a journalist and a photographer, but above all I live for taking a leap of faith - the feeling of pushing the envelope into uncharted territory.The guy who is going to do this, Felix Baumgartner, must have that same feeling, at a level I will never reach. However, it did not stop me from feeling his pain when a gust of swirling wind kicked up and twisted the partially filled balloon that would take him to the upper end of our atmosphere. As soon as the 40-acre balloon, with skin no thicker than a dry cleaning bag, scraped the ground I knew it was over.How claustrophobia almost grounded supersonic skydiverWith each twist, you could see the wrinkles of disappointment on the face of the current record holder and capcom (capsule communications), Col. Joe Kittinger. He hung his head low in mission control as he told Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted.The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunday.The weather plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause), he can expect a lot of turbulence.The balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet (22.7 miles/36.53 kilometers). Here, Fearless Felix will unclip. He will roll back the door.Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform.Below, the Earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. Still, hell be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is diving into the shallow end.Skydiver preps for the big jumpWhen he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound - 690 mph (1,110 kph) - in less than 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow as he approaches the more dense air closer to Earth. But this will not be enough to stop him completely.If he goes too fast or spins out of control, he has a stabilization parachute that can be deployed to slow him down. His team hopes its not needed. Instead, he plans to deploy his 270-square-foot (25-square-meter) main chute at an altitude of around 5,000 feet (1,524 meters).In order to deploy this chute successfully, he will have to slow to 172 mph (277 kph). He will have a reserve parachute that will open automatically if he loses consciousness at mach speeds.Even if everything goes as planned, it wont. Baumgartner still will free fall at a speed that would cause you and me to pass out, and no parachute is guaranteed to work higher than 25,000 feet (7,620 meters).It might not be the moon, but Kittinger free fell from 102,800 feet in 1960 - at the dawn of an infamous space race that captured the hearts of many. Baumgartner will attempt to break that record, a feat that boggles the mind. This is one of those monumental moments I will always remember, because there is no way Id miss this.5
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