安徽省中考英语 第二部分 专题语法 高效突破 专项11 动词的语态课件

第二部分第二部分 专项语法专项语法 高效突破高效突破专项专项1111 动词的语态动词的语态高频考点高频考点精讲精讲考点考点1 1 动词的被动语态动词的被动语态1.1.被动语态的构成被动语态的构成时态被动语态的构成例句一般现在时is / am / are动词的过去分词The classroom is cleaned every day.教室每天被打扫。一般过去时was / were动词的过去分词She was hurt yesterday.他昨天受伤了。一般将来时will / shallbe动词过去分词A new church will be built in this town next year.明年这个小镇将会新建一座教堂。含有情态动词情态动词be动词的过去分词The work must be finished on time.这项工作必须被按时完成。2.2.被动语态的用法被动语态的用法(1)不知道动作的执行者是谁。如：The watch is made in China.这块手表是在中国制造的。(2)没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。如：More trees must be planted every year。每年必须种更多的树。(3)需要强调或突出动作的承受者。如：Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.世界上越来越多的人说汉语。(4)说话或发表意见时，为了显得客观公正，常用被动语态。常用句型： It is said that.据说如：It is said that well have a new manager.据说我们要有新经理了。 It is reported that.据报道如：It is reported that a traffic accident took place early this morning.据报道今天清晨有车祸发生。 It is (well) known that.众所周知如：It is believed that printing was first invented by the Chinese.一般相信印刷术最早是由中国人发明的。考点考点2 2 常见主动语态变被动语态的特殊结构常见主动语态变被动语态的特殊结构1.1.含有双宾语的句子多把间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语不变。含有双宾语的句子多把间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语不变。 如：如：Jack told us the truth.We were told the truth by Jack.杰克告诉了我们真相。2 2主动语态中有些感官动词主动语态中有些感官动词(如：hear，see，watch，notice等)后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态时，要把不定式符号to还原。即：hear(see)sb.do sth.sb.be heard(seen)to do sth.。如：We heard the girl play the piano in the music classroom.The girl was heard to play the piano in the music classroom.我们听见那女孩在音乐教室里弹钢琴。3 3主动语态中有些使役动词主动语态中有些使役动词(如：make，let，have 等)后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态时要把不定式符号to还原。即：make sb.do sth.sb.be made to do sth.。如：The teacher makes his students do much homework every day.His students are made to do much homework by the teacher every day.老师让他的学生每天做很多家庭作业。考点考点3 3 主动形式表示被动意义的情况主动形式表示被动意义的情况1.1.动词动词openopen，readread，sellsell，writewrite等作不及物动词，且他们的等作不及物动词，且他们的主语为物时。主语为物时。如：The pen writes well.这支钢笔很好用。2 2某些系动词某些系动词(smell(smell，looklook，tastetaste，feelfeel，sound)sound)描述某物描述某物特性时。特性时。如：This kind of flowers smell sweet.这种花闻起来很香。3 3在在needneed，requirerequire，wantwant，worthworth等后跟动名词，主动形式等后跟动名词，主动形式表示被动意义。表示被动意义。如：His bike need mending.他的自行车需要修一下。This movie is worth watching.这部电影值得一看。Your car needs washing.Your car needs to be washed.你的汽车该洗了。4 4特殊结构特殊结构“make oneself heard / understood”make oneself heard / understood”和和“have have / get sth.done”/ get sth.done”中。中。如： I had my hair cut yesterday.我昨天理发了。十年真题十年真题全练全练 近十年来，安徽中考对被动语态的考查一般是1小题，主要考查形式以单项填空为主，近四年书面表达每年都出现被动语态。2017年前9年纯考语态，2017年时态和语态在一起考查。对被动语态的考查主要有五种：一般现在时的被动语态、一般过去时的被动语态、一般将来时的被动语态、现在完成时的被动语态和含有情态动词的被动语态。预测在2018年安徽英语中考中，单项填空仍然会有1道题考查被动语态，书面表达也有可能出现。1.2008安徽，49题When you leave the room，make sure the door_B B_Awas locked Bis lockedCwill be locked Dshould be locked22017安徽，42题Mr.Green A A to sing an English song at the party and he sang well.Awas invited BinvitedCis invited Dinvites32016安徽，34题When the baby dog _B B_，it was very hungry.So we gave it some food.Ais found Bwas foundChas been found Dwill be found42012安徽，49题The task _B B_ in an hour.Then we can go home and have a good rest.Awas finished Bwill be finishedChas been finished Dcant be finished52011安徽，43题Dont worry.Your package C C ere until you come back，so enjoy shopping here.Awill keep Bhas keptCwill be kept Dhas been kept62010安徽，44题Are you going to the party?No，because I D D Ahave asked Bhavent askedChave been asked Dhavent been asked72013安徽，46题Thanks to the Internet，different kinds of information A A in a short time.Acan be learned Bhas been learnedCcan learn Dhas learned82009安徽，46题Its difficult for the village children to cross the river for school.I think a bridge D D over the river.Awas built Bis being builtChas been built Dshould be built猜押预测猜押预测1Every year，more than 70，000，000 sharks _ for their fins.Awere killed Bhave killedCare killed Dwill killed2More money _ when we use both sides of paper.Ais saved Bwas savedChas been saved Dwill be saved3Lily，will you go to Jennys birthday party this Saturday?Im not sure.Because I _ so far.Aarent invited Bwasnt invitedChavent been invited Dwill be invited4With the development of China，Chinese _ by a large number of people in the world now.Awas spoken Bis spokenChave been spoken Dwill be spokenC CD DC C B B5In order to make our city more beautiful，I think more trees and flowers _ every year.Aare planted Bwere plantedCshould be planted Dhave been planted6Chinas 23rd Beidou Satellite _ into space on June 12，2016.As Chinese，we are proud of it.Ahas been sent Bis sentCwill be send Dwas sentC CD D