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菏泽语法五数词和主谓一致考点考点1 数词的确指和概指数词的确指和概指(1)表示确指。表示确指。表达确切数量直接用基数词或分数、小数等。表达确切数量直接用基数词或分数、小数等。hundred, thousand, million, billion等前有具体数词修饰时，等前有具体数词修饰时，不能用复数形式。不能用复数形式。(2)表示概指。表示概指。ten, hundred, thousand, million, billion等可以构成短等可以构成短语，表示不确切的数量。此时这些词用复数形式，不语，表示不确切的数量。此时这些词用复数形式，不能被具体数字修饰，后面与能被具体数字修饰，后面与of搭配。搭配。数词表示概指数词表示概指表示概指时表示概指时ten, hundred, thousand, million, billion要用要用复数形式，其前不能有具体的数词，考生经常在这一复数形式，其前不能有具体的数词，考生经常在这一点上触雷。点上触雷。1(2017凉山中考凉山中考)Last week, five _ students took part in the sports meeting in our school. Ahundred BthousandsChundreds of Dthousands ofA2(2017乌鲁木齐中考乌鲁木齐中考) _ students went to the university to listen to the_ speech. AThousand of; 120minutesBThousands of; 120minutesCTwo thousands; 120minutesDTwo thousand; 120minuteD3(2017渝北中考渝北中考)I hear that youve got a “library” at home. Yes. Ive already had _ books. Ahundred of Bhundreds ofCfive hundreds Dfive hundred ofB4(2017武威中考武威中考)There are twelve boys and thirteen girls in Class Four, which means _ students in total. A33 B25 C13 D12B考点考点2 基数词变序数词的规则基数词变序数词的规则(1)不规则变化。不规则变化。onefirsttwosecondthreethird(2)基数词基数词419在词尾加在词尾加th。fourfourthnineteennineteenthfivefiftheighteighthnineninthtwelvetwelfth(3)整十数基数词整十数基数词2090变变ty为为tie再加再加th。twentytwentiethninetyninetieth(4)两位数或两位数以上的非整十数的序数词只将最后一两位数或两位数以上的非整十数的序数词只将最后一位数变为序数词，其他的几位数仍用基数词；位数变为序数词，其他的几位数仍用基数词；hundred, thousand等只在词尾加等只在词尾加th。twentyonetwentyfirstone hundredhundredth序数词的前面可以加上不定冠词，表示序数词的前面可以加上不定冠词，表示“再一，又一再一，又一”。You may have a third try. 你可以再尝试一次。你可以再尝试一次。 5(2017营口中考营口中考)How was your day off yesterday? Great! It was my grandmas _birthday. We had a big family dinner. Athe eighty Bthe eightiethCeighteenth DeightiethD6(2017青岛中考青岛中考)My father gave me a bike on my _ birthday. Aten Ba tenth Cthe tenth DtenthD7(2017齐齐哈尔中考齐齐哈尔中考)Today is my cousins _ birthday. I am going to his birthday party tonight. Anineteenth Bthe nineteenthCnineteenA8(2017郴州中考郴州中考)Amy will be an elder sister. Her parents are going to have _ child. Atwo Bsecond Cthe secondC9(2017呼和浩特中考呼和浩特中考)How old is your daughter? _ . We had a special party for her _ birthday yesterday. ANine; nine BNine; ninthCNinth; ninth DNinth; nineB10There are _ months in a year. December is the month of the year. Atwelve; twelve Btwelve; twelfth Ctwelfth; twelve Dtwelve; twelvethB11(2017滨州中考滨州中考)My grandparents live in an old apartment with _ floors and they are on the _ floor. Afifth; three Bfifth; third Cfive; three Dfive; thirdD12(2017哈尔滨中考哈尔滨中考)How do you keep fit? I live on _ floor. I walk upstairs instead of taking the lift every day. Atwelve Bthe twelveCthe twelfthC考点考点3 分数的表达法分数的表达法分数用基数词作分子，序数词作分母。分数用基数词作分子，序数词作分母。分子大于分子大于1时，作分母的序数词用复数。时，作分母的序数词用复数。1/3one third2/5two fifths1/2a half 1/4a quarter分数作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由分数指代的名词分数作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由分数指代的名词的数决定。的数决定。Two thirds of the children are from Canada. 三分之二的孩子来自加拿大。三分之二的孩子来自加拿大。13 _of the coats _ made of cotton. They feel comfortable. ATwo thirds; is BTwo thirds; areCTwo third; is DTwo third; are B14Do you mind telling us something about this area? Not at all. _ of the land in this area _ covered with trees and grass. ATwo fifth; is BTwo fifth; areCTwo fifths; is DTwo fifths; areC15(2017安顺中考安顺中考)Mum, _ of the apples _ gone bad. Wed better eat up the rest as soon as possible. Aone third; have Bone thirds; haveCone third; has Dfirst three; hasA考点考点4 数词的应用数词的应用(1)表示编号表示编号结构：名词结构：名词(首字母大写首字母大写)基数词基数词the序数词名词序数词名词Lesson onethe first lessonClass one, Grade two注：有些编号一般仅用第一种表达法。注：有些编号一般仅用第一种表达法。Room 101101号房间号房间(2)数词前加数词前加every，表示，表示“每每一次一次”every four years 每四年一次每四年一次(3)基数词的复数形式表示年代和年龄基数词的复数形式表示年代和年龄1)表示年代：表示年代： in the年份的复数年份的复数在几世纪几十年代在几世纪几十年代in the 1870s在在19世纪世纪70年代年代2)表示年龄：表示年龄： in ones整十的复数整十的复数表示在某人几十岁时表示在某人几十岁时in his forties在他四十岁时在他四十岁时(4)“几个半几个半”的表达法的表达法基数词基数词anda half名词复数名词复数基数词名词基数词名词(单数单数/复数复数)anda halftwo and a half hourstwo hours and a half 两个半小时两个半小时(5)时刻表达法时刻表达法1)整点：整点： 基数词基数词(oclock)seven (oclock)2)几点几分的读法几点几分的读法直接读法：直接读法： 先读小时，后读分钟先读小时，后读分钟3：25three twentyfive间接读法：间接读法：a)30分钟：分钟分钟：分钟past小时小时3：25twentyfive past threeb)30分钟：分钟： (60分钟分钟)to(小时数小时数1)3：55five to fourc)15 minutesa quarter30 minuteshalf an hour6：15a quarter past six 6：30half past six6：45a quarter to seven(6)日期表达法日期表达法年月日的表达顺序是年月日的表达顺序是“月日年月日年”，常在日后加逗号，常在日后加逗号，表示在某年某月某日用介词表示在某年某月某日用介词on。例如。例如on April 5, 2013。读年份的时候先读前两位数，再读后两位数；读年份的时候先读前两位数，再读后两位数；读日时要加读日时要加the。2007年年3月月21日日March the twentyfirst, two thousand and seven. 16Which room do you live in? _AThe 201 Room BRoom 201CRoom 201st DThe 201s RoomB17 _ ， CocaCola began to enter Chinas market. AIn 1970s BIn 1970sCIn the 1970s DIn the 1970s18The train from Shanghai will arrive _ Ain quarter past six Bin a quarter past six Cat quarter past six Dat a quarter past sixDD19My friend was born on _ Athree of July, 1979Bthe third of July, 1979C1979, July the thirdD1979, the third of JulyB20It took me _ to get there. Atwo hours and a halfBtwo hours and halfCtwo hour and a halfDtwo hour and half A21_ A boy can sing the English song very well. Atenyearold Bten years oldCtenyearolds Dfifth years old22The old professor still works hard though he is _ Ain his sixty Bin his sixtiesCin sixties Din the sixtyAB23Which of the following is wrong？(_)AHe is a fifteenyearold boy. BHe is at the age of 15. CHe is a boy of 15. DHe is fifteen year old. D考点考点5 主谓一致常考的几种情况主谓一致常考的几种情况(1)either, neither, each, another, the other, one及及somebody, someone, anybody, something, anything, nothing等不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。等不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Somebody is asking to see you. 有人找你。有人找你。(2)both. . . and. . . 作主语时，谓语动词用复数。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。Both you and I are girls. 你和我都是女孩。你和我都是女孩。(3)the number of. . . “的数量的数量”，作主语时谓语动词用，作主语时谓语动词用单数；单数； a number of. . . “很多很多”，作主语时谓语动词，作主语时谓语动词用复数。用复数。The number of our class is 40. 我们班的人数是我们班的人数是40。A number of monkeys were saved. 很多猴子被救了。很多猴子被救了。(4)表示时间、距离、度量、重量、金额等的复数名词作表示时间、距离、度量、重量、金额等的复数名词作主语，看作整体时谓语动词用单数；强调个体时用复数。主语，看作整体时谓语动词用单数；强调个体时用复数。Two kilometers is a long way to go on foot. 步行两千米是一段很长的路程。步行两千米是一段很长的路程。Twenty years have passed since they got married. 他们结婚已有他们结婚已有20年了。年了。(5)单位量词修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词根据单位量单位量词修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词根据单位量词的数决定。词的数决定。The two cups of coffee cost me 50 yuan. 这两杯咖啡花了我这两杯咖啡花了我50元。元。(6)主语后跟主语后跟(along/together) with, as well as等时，谓语动词的数与主语保持一致。等时，谓语动词的数与主语保持一致。My license with my credit cards was lost. 我的驾照和信用卡丢了。我的驾照和信用卡丢了。(7)there be句型以及句型以及either. . . or. . . , neither. . . nor. . . , not only. . . but also. . . 作主语时，谓语动词的数遵循作主语时，谓语动词的数遵循就近一致原则。就近一致原则。There is a banana and some apples in my bag. 我的书包里有一根香蕉和几个苹果。我的书包里有一根香蕉和几个苹果。Not only Lily but (also) her parents enjoy skating. 不仅莉莉喜欢滑冰而且她的父母也都喜欢滑冰。不仅莉莉喜欢滑冰而且她的父母也都喜欢滑冰。(8)主语是主语是each/every单数名词单数名词and (each/every)单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。 Every man and every woman is at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作。每个男人和女人都在工作。 (9)one and a half复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。形式。 One and a half hours is enough. 一个半小时足够了。一个半小时足够了。 (10)动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 To see is to believe. 眼见为实。眼见为实。 Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。就近一致原则就近一致原则there be句型，句型，either/neither. . . or/nor. . . , not only. . . but also. . . 作主语时，谓语动词就近一致，这是很多考生经作主语时，谓语动词就近一致，这是很多考生经常触雷的地方。常触雷的地方。24(2017贵阳中考贵阳中考)We all know that one of the worlds most popular sports _ football. Aam Bis Care25(2017齐齐哈尔中考齐齐哈尔中考)Listen! The little girl _ singing in the room. A/ Bare CisBC26(2017绥化中考绥化中考)John _ a soccer. Ahave Bhas Cis27(2017长沙中考长沙中考)Not only my parents but also my sister _ crazy about the TV play In the Name of People. Ais Bare Chave beenBA28(2017安顺中考安顺中考) _ there anything new in todays Qianzhong Morning Daily? No. But there _ some inspiring stories worth reading. AIs; is BAre; areCIs; are DAre; isC29The boy with two dogs _ when the earthquake rocked the city. Awere sleeping Bis sleepingCwas sleepingC
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