分类讲解完形填空4

完形填空突破(四)夹叙夹议文1夹叙夹议型完形填空的特点在夹叙夹议形式的完形填空中,作者首先叙述一件事,然后就此事提出自己的见解或由此事引出一个深刻的社会主题。2夹叙夹议型完形填空的备考策略(1)夹叙夹议型文章的思路跳跃性强,按照一般的命题要求,文章的首句或者是一个完整的富有哲理的句子,这个句子不容忽视,往往是全文的关键句,甚至是文章的主题；或者是一小段叙述文,作者下文要对此展开议论。夹叙夹议文的主题明确,那就是告诉读者一个道理。因此,正确理解首句和开头段落以及它们在文章中的作用是非常重要的。(2)夹叙夹议型完形填空是记叙和议论在文中交错运用,这样,不但可以大大充实文章的内容,而且能增强文章的说服力,从而既易于读者理解,又引发读者思考。只要抓住文章的线索,弄明白文章的逻辑关系,就能确定比较明确的、直接的答案。(3)夹叙夹议型文章的基本结构模式是：用一段概括性的话引入要叙述的经历(话题)；叙述先前的经历及其感悟或发现；叙述接下来的经历及其感悟或发现；作出总结或结论。文章通常使用对比、附加、强调、让步、举例、结论、顺序和对照等手段。因此考生应注意观察文章的结构特点,根据故事情节的发展模式,确定恰当的衔接词。常见的语篇标志词有：表示逻辑关系的,如thus,therefore,so,though等；表示改变话题的,如by the way等；表示递进关系的,如besides,further,furthermore,what is more等。1(2009陕西卷完形填空) One afternoon,my son Adam asked me,“Are all people the same even if they are different in color？”I thought for a minute,and then I said,“Ill explain, 1 you can just wait until we make a quick 2 at the grocery store.I have something 3 to show you.”At grocery store,we 4 some applesred,green and yellow ones.Back home,I told Adam,“Its time to 5 your question.”I put one apple of each 6 on the table.Then I looked at Adam,who had a 7 look on his face.“People are like apples.They come in all 8 colors,shapes and sizes.On the 9 ,some of the apples may not 10 look as the others.”As I was talking,Adam was 11 each one carefully.Then,I took each of the apples and peeled(削皮) them, 12 them back on the table,but 13 a different place.“Okay,Adam,tell me which is which.”He said,“I 14 tell.They all look the same now.”“Take a bite of 15 .See if that helps you 16 which one is which.”He took 17 ,and then a huge smile came across his face.“People are 18 like apples！They are all different,but once you 19 the outside,theyre pretty much the same on the inside.”He totally 20 it.I didnt need to say or do anything else.1A.although BsoCbecause Dif答案D解析此处指“如果你能等的话,我将给你解释”。A项为“尽管”；B项为“因此”；C项为“因为”；D项为“如果”。2A.stop BstartCturn Dstay答案A解析make a stop为固定短语,意为“停留”；此处quick意为“短时间的,迅速完成的”,修饰stop。3A.expressive Bencouraging Cinformative Dinteresting答案D解析我有有趣的东西要展示给你,与后文有趣的解释相一致。A项为“富有表情的”；B项为“鼓舞人心的”；C项为“增进知识的,提供资料的”；D项为“有趣的”。4A.bought BcountedCsaw Dcollected答案A解析在杂货店里我们买了些苹果。5A.check BmentionCanswerDimprove答案C解析现在是回答你的问题的时间了。6A.size Btype Cshape Dclass答案B解析我把每种苹果当中的一个放到桌子上。此处的种类指颜色的种类。A项为“大小”；B项为“种类”；C项为“形状”；D项为“级别,等级”。7A.worried BsatisfiedCproud Dcurious答案D解析亚当斯的脸上有种好奇的表情。8A.ordinary BnormalCdifferentDregular答案C解析人与苹果是一样的。它们的颜色、形状、大小各不相同。9A.outside BwholeCtable Dinside答案A解析从外表来看,有些苹果可能的确看上去不如其他的苹果可口。不要错误理解为“在桌子上”。10A.still BevenConly Dever答案B解析even此处用来加强语气,意为“的确”；A项为“仍然”；C项为“仅仅”；D项为“曾经”。11A.examining BmeasuringCdrawing Dpacking答案A解析在我说话时,亚当斯仔细检查着每一个苹果。12A.keepingBplacingCpulling Dgiving答案B解析我拿起苹果,削了皮并把它们放回到桌子上。place与6题所在句子中的put相一致。13A.on Btoward Cfor Din答案D解析“在什么地方”用介词in。14A.mustnt BcantCshouldnt Dneednt答案B解析此处指“我不能判断出哪一个是哪一个,它们现在看上去一样”。15A.each oneBeach other Cthe other Done another答案A解析把每一个苹果都咬上一口。16A.admitBconsiderCdecide Dbelieve答案C解析看看是否那将帮助你确定哪一个是哪一个。A项为“承认；容纳”；B项为“考虑；认为”；C项为“决定,确定”；D项为“相信,认为”。17A.big bites Bdeep breathsCa firm hold Da close look答案A解析他大咬几口,然后脸上浮现出笑容。18A.just BalwaysCmerely Dseldom答案A解析人与苹果简直是一样的。此处just用来加强语气,意为“简直,的确”。B项为“总是,一直”；C项为“仅仅”；D项为“几乎不”。19A.put away Bget downChand outDtake off答案D解析但是一旦你脱去外层,它们的内在是完全一样的。A项为“放好”；B项为“降下”；C项为“分发”；D项为“脱掉”。20A.made Btook Cgot Ddid答案C解析他完全明白了。get此处意为“理解”。2(2010大连名校联考（二）)I had arrived at the airport about 30 minutes before the checkin.It had been a very 1 three days for me with lots of meetings.So I was glad to have the 2 time to make my notes on what I 3 to do the following day.But then came the 4 that my flight had to be5 because there was a problem with the plane.As I sat waiting for my 6 to be called,I reflected on my last meeting of the day.It was not a business meeting but rather a very enjoyable 7 with an old business friend I had not seen for over 12 years.Our lunch was spent recalling times gone by 8 filling each other in what had happened in our lives over the last 12 years.We both laughed and smiled as we recalled the good times and the great experiences we had 9 together.At the end of our time together,we both said how much we had 10 it and that we must do it again.It was great to have this additional time to replay in my 11 all that we had talked about.I realized just how important it was to have regular 12 of the good times in our life.I was lucky enough to have had the chance to take a short 13 and reflect on the good things that had happened in my life over 12 years.It was somewhat like looking at an old photo album 14 in a cupboard in your house.There before your eyes are lots of wonderful 15 that take you back to times and places,and most importantly to those people who are in the 16 .My flight home was finally 17 three hours later.I smiled as I 18 the plane and realized that I was not at all 19 about the delay in the flight,as I had been able to spend the time 20 on the good times from days gone by.1A.important BbusyCquickDuseful答案B解析由with lots of meetings(有大量的会议)可知应是很繁忙的(busy)三天；而不是重要的(important),有用的(useful)和快的(quick)三天,因为这些和后文不照应。2A.pleasant BsatisfyingChappy Dextra答案D解析第一句说作者在检票前30分钟到了机场,所以就有额外的时间来计划接下来需要做的事情。pleasant令人愉快的,舒适的；satisfying令人满意的；happy高兴的；extra额外的。显然extra符合文意,能较好地把句子补充完整。3A.had Bfailed CneededDasked答案C解析have to do sth.不得不做某事,语气和意义都与语境不符；fail to do sth.未能做到某事,从文中无法推理出。结合上下文,那三天来,由于一直忙于参加很多会议,“我”很乐于有时间来计划接下来“需要”做的事情。所以needed适合。4A.announcement Bdeclaration Copening Dspeech答案A解析分析句意可知,这时机场发布了一项公告。announcement公告,宣告；declaration声明,宣言；speech演讲；opening空缺；开端。根据词义的不同,显然announcement合适。5A.waited Bcancelled Ctaken Ddelayed答案D解析飞机出了问题,带来的应是航班“延误”或者被“取消”的结果,但从下文可知,飞机航班并没有被取消,所以B项cancelled(取消)错误。整句话的意思应为“但是正在那时,机场发布了通知,此趟航班因为飞机出了故障得晚点了”。delay延迟,拖延；wait等待,等候。故D项符合题意。6A.flight Bturn Cname Dorder答案A解析飞机没有来,“我”坐在那里应该是“等待航班”。flight飞行；班机；turn转动；轮流；name名字；order命令；次序。因为飞机没来,当然无法检票,所以order明显不对,也没人叫作者的名字,故选flight。7A.negotiation BlunchCparty Ddiscussion答案B解析下一句中出现了lunch照应前文。理解全句,应为“那不是一个商务会议,而是我与一个业务上的朋友的一次愉快的午餐,而且我与这个朋友已经12年没见面了”。negotiation协商,谈判；discussion讨论；party集会,聚会。8A.as well Bexcept forCas well asDin addition答案C解析分析句意,作者要说的是在午饭时做了什么,filling和recalling引导的短语是并列关系,需要一个合适的连接词把它们连接起来,as well as除之外,还,多用于连接两个并列成分；as well也,又,用法与too相似；except for除以外；in addition另外,单独使用,其后不能直接连接其他成分。整句话意思是：席间,我们一起回想过去的时光,填补了彼此12年没见面的空白。根据句意和词组用法,C项正确。9A.spent Bmet Cmanaged Dshared答案D解析we had.together为定语从句,修饰the good times and the great experiences。spend,meet,manage都不能与先行词times和experiences很好地搭配,而share表示“分享,共有”,可以与其构成完整的句意,即：回忆起以前我们一起度过的快乐时光,我们都很开心。10A.got Benjoyed Cmade Dpaid答案B解析由“.we must do it again.”可知我们很满意那天的聚会。分析四个选项的意思,只有enjoy合适。本题与付钱无关,排除paid；get it明白,理解；make it成功；赶上,都与句意不符。11A.thought Bspirit Cflight Dmind答案D解析有这样额外的时间来回想我们的对话实在是太好了。回想应是在大脑中,所以mind(头脑,精神)合适；thought思考,思想；spirit精神；心灵,这两个选项不符合句意；flight班次,作者还没坐飞机,显然错误。12A.time Bplans Creminders Dremains答案C解析这里说的是作者的感受：我还认识到经常回顾生命中的快乐时光的重要性。reminder引起回忆的事物,提醒人的事物；time时间；plan计划；remains残余；遗迹。13A.way Bcut Cmethod Dbreak答案D解析从上下文可知,作者认为自己很幸运,有这样一个机会来放松一下并回忆过去12年的快乐时光。break恰好能与take搭配,意思是“放松,休息”；way路线；方式；cut切,削；削减；method方法。14A.stored awayBput on Cset aside Dgiven out答案A解析store away贮藏,保存；put on穿上；set aside留出；撤销；give out分发；用尽。分析句意,应为：这就有点像是在看储藏在家里柜子里的老相册一样。A项符合句意。15A.celebrations Bmemories Cawards Dpresents答案B解析看着相册,展现在眼前的应是许多精彩的“回忆”。celebration庆祝,庆典；award奖品；memory记忆,回忆；present礼物。A、C、D三项与语境和作者要表达的内容不吻合,无法概括。16A.cupboard Bbooks Cchildhood Dphotos答案D解析上文提到了photo album,显然文中说的应该是“照片”中的人物。呈现在你眼前的是许多精彩的回忆,它们带你回到过去的时光和场景,更重要的是,它们让你想起相片中的那些人。cupboard(橱柜),books(书),childhood(童年时代)都可排除,与上下文没有联系。17A.shouted Bphoned Ccalled Dcommanded答案C解析3小时后,回家的班机终于要起飞了。由第二段第一句话“As I sat waiting for my.to be called.”可知答案为called。shout叫喊；phone打电话；command命令。18A.left BboardedCjumped Dreached答案B解析飞机来了,作者要登机,而不是离开飞机,left错误。跳上飞机,也不符合常理；reach与语境不符。board the plane登机,为正确答案。19A.upset BhappyCcrazyDsurprised答案A解析通过整篇文章我们分析作者此时的心情应是很愉快的。句意为：我微笑着登上了飞机,并且意识到我对于飞机的晚点并不心烦。happy高兴的；crazy疯狂的；surprised惊讶的；upset心烦意乱的。结合句意,upset合适。20A.taking Bseizing Creflecting Dbringing答案C解析作者心情好的原因应是“有时间去回顾那些逝去的好时光”。第二段和第三段都提到了reflect on这个短语,意思是“仔细考虑”；take on呈现；seize on抓住；bring on促使,导致。强化训练： （1）第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题15分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从3655各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。We may look at the world around us, but somehow we manage not to see it until whatever weve become used to suddenly disappears. 36 , for example, the neatly-dressed woman I 37 to see - or look at - on my way to work each morning. For three years, no matter 38 the weather was like, she was always waiting at the bus stop around 8:00 am. On 39 days, she wore heavy clothes and a pair of woolen gloves. Summertime 40 out neat, belted cotton dresses and a hat pulled low over her sunglasses. 41 , she was an ordinary working woman. Of course, I 42 all this only after she was seen no more. It was then that I realized how 43 I expected to see her each morning. You might say I 44 her.“Did she have an accident? Something 45 ?” I thought to myself about her 46 . Now that she was gone, I felt I had 47 her. I began to realize that part of our 48 life probably includes such chance meetings with familiar 49 : the milkman you see at dawn, the woman who 50 walks her dog along the street every morning, the twin brothers you see at the library. Such people are 51 markers in our lives. They add weight to our 52 of place and belonging.Think about it. 53 , while walking to work, we mark where we are by 54 a certain building, why should we not mark where we are when we pass a familiar, though 55 , person?36. A. Make B. Take C. Give D. Have37. A. happened B. wanted C. used D. tried38. A. what B. how C. which D. when39. A. sunny B. rainy C. cloudy D. snowy40. A. took B. brought C. carried D. turned41. A. Clearly B. Particularly C. Luckily D. Especially42. A. believed B. expressed C. remembered D. wondered43. A. long B. often C. soon D. much44. A. respected B. missed C. praised D. admired45. A. better B. worse C. more D. less46. A. disappearance B. appearance C. misfortune D. fortune47. A. forgotten B. lost C. known D. hurt48. A. happy B. enjoyable C. frequent D. daily49. A. friends B. strangers C. tourists D. guests50. A. regularly B. actually C. hardly D. probably51. A. common B. pleasant C. important D. faithful52. A. choice B. knowledge C. decision D. sense53. A. Because B. If C. Although D. However54. A. keeping B. changing C. passing D. mentioning55. A. unnamed B.unforgettable C. unbelievable D. unreal答案：36B 37C 38A 39D 40B 41A 42C 43D 44B 45B46A 47C 48D 49B 50A 51C.52D. 53B 54C 55A （2）第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从3655各每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world . 36 springs and streams sometimes means control , particularly in the 37 areas like the desert . The control is possible even without possession of large areas of 38 land . In the early days of the American West , gun fights were not 39 for the water resources (资源). And laws had to be 40 to protect the water rights of the 41 and the use of the water resources accordingly . 42 is known to us all , there is not 43 water in all places for everyone to use as much as he likes . Deciding on the 44 of water that will be used in any particular period 45 careful planning , so that people can manage and use water more 46 . Farmers have to change their use of or demand for water 47 the water supply forecast (预报). The 48 water supply forecast is based more on the water from the 49 than from the below . Interest is 50 in the ways to increase rainfall by man-made methods , and to get water from the winter snow on mountain 51 . With special equipment , some scientists are studying the ways in which the mountain snow can be 52 , and with the help of a repeater station , they send the 53 data (数据) to the base station . The operator at the base station can get the data at any time by 54 a button . In the near future , the forecast and use of water 55 probably depend on the advance knowledge of snow on mountains , not of water underground .36AUsing BHolding COwning DFinding 37Adry Bdistant Cdeserted Dwild 38Afine Bbeautiful Crich Dfarming 39Aunlawful Bunacceptable Cunpopular Duncommon 40Amade Bdesigned Csigned Dwritten 41Awinners Bsettlers Cfighters Dsupporters 42AThat BIt CWhat DAs 43Aplentiful Benough Cany Dmuch 44Atype Bquality Camount Dlevel 45Arequests Brequires Cmeans Dsuggests 46Aeffectively Beasily Cconveniently Dactively47Aleading to Bdue to Cowing to Daccording to 48Acorrect Bfurther Caverage Dearly 49Aclouds Bsky Cair Dabove 50Araising Brising Cbuilding Dlasting 51Arocks Btips Ccops Dtrees 52Ataken care of Bmade use of Cpiled up Dsaved up 53Apicked Bproduced Cused Dgathered 54Atouching Bknocking Cpressing Dturning 55Amight Bcan Cwill Dshould 答案：3640 CACDA4145 BDBCB4650 ADADB5155 CBDCC （3）第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Ban the Band(乐队)?Every year, our school has a dance for all the students. Its a little funny seeing friends in clean shoes and trousers or colorful 36 , instead of the usual school uniform.Most of us think the dance is great 37 even the teachers enjoy being there, 38 , two weeks ago someone said that there would be no 39 band this yearonly CDs.“I dont 40 it!” Amy cried out during the lunch break.“Someone said the school couldnt 41 a band, and they think its too noisy anyway,” added Daniel.“Well, I dont think its 42 enough without a band！” declared Angela, “and Im going to see what can be done.”Angela was as good as her 43 . In the afternoon she went to see the school headmaster who agreed to give the 44 some more thought. And he suggested that one 45 for having a band was to increase the price of each ticket from $5 to $10. Angela had to 46 out whether the students would like to do that.“I need all of you to help me,” she 47 to your group before school the next day. “Mr. Berry gave me a list of all the names, and suggested we ask each one their 48 about the band and the extra cost.”49 the day we asked around as Angela suggested, and wrote down peoples feelings about the band and the cost. We were amazed how much 50 there was for the band and everyone agreed to pay the extra $5.“Im surprised, smiled Mr. Berry, when we gave him the 51 . “I reallythought that only a few people 52 their band and that the cost would be too high. OK. Angela, your next 53 is to find a good band and line them up for the dance.”Angela was all smiles and 54 the news to Amy and Daniel. “Youre 55 ,” smiled Daniel to Angela as he thought how close they came to having a less than perfect dance.36AshapesBdressesCflowersDpictures37AfunBworkCeffortDprogress38ABesidesBOtherwiseCHoweverDTherefore39AnewBliveCforeignDmarching40AmeanBneedCacceptDbelieve41AleadBserveCaffordDform42AgoodBclearCusefulDeasy43AlookBbehaviorCmindDword44AscheduleBsituationCviewDaction45ApossibilityBconcernCdecisionDchance46AcallBfindCcarryDpoint47AadmittedBrepliedCapologizedDannounced48AknowledgeBinstructionCopinionDinformation49AOnBForCByDDuring50AtrustBmoneyCsupportDcare51AresultsBnoticesCquestionsDexamples52AwelcomedBwantedCdefendedDinvited53AtaskBbusinessCexerciseDduty54AshowedBwroteCbrokeDread55AamusingBinterestingCexcitingDamazing答案;36B 37A 38C 39B 40D41C42A 43D 44B 45A46B 47D 48C 49D 50C51A52B53A54C55D (4)第二节：完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从3655各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。It was the district sports meet . My foot still hadnt healed（痊愈）from a（n） 36 injury . I had 37 whether or not I should attend the meet . But there I was , 38 for the 3,000-meter run . “ Ready set ” The gun popped and we were off . The other girls rushed 39 me . I felt 40 as I fell farther and farther behind . “ Hooray ! ” shouted the crowd . It was the loudest 41 I had ever heard at a meet . The first-place runner was two laps（圈）ahead of me when she crossed the finish line . “ Maybe I should 42 , ” I thought as I moved on . 43 , I decided to keep going . During the last two laps , I ran 44 and decided not to 45 in track next year . It wouldnt be worth it , 46 my foot did heal . When I finished , I heard a cheer 47 than the one Id heard earlier . I turned around and 48 , the boys were preparing for their race . “ They must be cheering for the boys . ”I was leaving 49 several girls came up to me . “ Wow , youve got courage ! ” one of them told me . “ Courage ? I just 50 a race ! ” I thought . “ I would have given up on the first lap , ” said another girl . “ We were cheering for you . Did you hear us ? ”Suddenly I regained 51 . I decided to 52 track next year . I realized strength and courage arent always 53 in medals and victories , but in the 54 we overcome（战胜）. The strongest people are not always the people who win , 55 the people who dont give up when they lose . 36. A. slighterB. worseC. earlierD. heavier37. A. expectedB. supposedC. imaginedD. doubted38. A. lateB. eagerC. readyD. thirsty39. A. from behindB. ahead ofC. next toD. close to40. A. ashamedB. astonishedC. excitedD. frightened41. A. cheerB. shoutC. cryD. noise42. A. slow downB. drop outC. go onD. speed up43. A. ThereforeB. OtherwiseC. BesidesD. However44. A. with delightB. with