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第 一 讲第 一 讲1.They finally found out who had taken Johns money.2.Tell me who you decide to marry.3.You should try to remember who you lent your dictionary to.在上面这些复合句中，在上面这些复合句中， who引导宾语从句，意为引导宾语从句，意为“谁谁”。句句1.中中who在宾语从句里作在宾语从句里作主语主语句句2.中中who在宾语从句里作动词在宾语从句里作动词marry的宾语的宾语句句3.中中who在宾语从句里作介词在宾语从句里作介词to的的宾语宾语1.The teacher asked him which lessons were hard.2.These dictionaries are all useful. I really cant decide which I should choose.3.Please try on these jackets and see which is fit for you.在上面这些复合句中，在上面这些复合句中，which引导宾语从句，意为引导宾语从句，意为“哪个，哪些哪个，哪些”。句句1.中中which在宾语从句里作在宾语从句里作定语定语，修饰修饰lesson;句句2.中中which在宾语从句里作在宾语从句里作choose的的宾语宾语；句句3中中which在宾语从句里作在宾语从句里作主语主语。I dont believe that he will be late.Im sorry that I have kept you waiting so long.Ive decided that I will go to the western part to work.I dont think that it will rain tomorrow.以上复合句中，以上复合句中，that 引导宾语从句。引导宾语从句。thatthat只引导从句，只引导从句，无任何词汇意义无任何词汇意义，不不在宾语从句中在宾语从句中作任何成分作任何成分。which引导宾语从句时，意为引导宾语从句时，意为“哪个，哪些哪个，哪些”。在宾语从句里作在宾语从句里作定语、宾语、主语定语、宾语、主语。that 引导宾语从句时，引导宾语从句时，只引导从句，只引导从句，无任何词汇意义无任何词汇意义，不不在宾语从句中在宾语从句中作任何成作任何成分分。Make sure _ the electricity is turned off and the windows are shut.We have to decide today _ computer we should choose.A.what B. whichC. thatD. it引导宾语从句时引导宾语从句时that和和which不能互相替换不能互相替换二、定语从句二、定语从句1. It sounded like a train that was going under my house.那声音听起来就像我家地下经过的火车。那声音听起来就像我家地下经过的火车。2. A wide and busy road which was built like a bridge over another road fell onto the one below.一条像桥似的建立在另一条路上方的宽阔而车辆川流一条像桥似的建立在另一条路上方的宽阔而车辆川流不息的马路坍塌到下面的路上不息的马路坍塌到下面的路上 从句从句that was going under my house作定语，修作定语，修饰限定前面的名词饰限定前面的名词a train 。 从句从句which was built like a bridge over another road作定语，修饰限定前面的名词作定语，修饰限定前面的名词The road 。 作作定语定语的从句叫作的从句叫作定语从句。定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或者代词叫做被定语从句修饰的名词或者代词叫做先行词。先行词。I watched all the glasses that were on the table fall off onto the floor. that指代先行词指代先行词the glasses,引导定语从引导定语从句句，在从句中，在从句中作主语作主语。我看到桌子上所有的杯子掉下来摔到地板上。Tomorrow we will visit the factory that/which makes minibuses and trucks.明天我们将参观制造微型巴士和卡车的工厂。明天我们将参观制造微型巴士和卡车的工厂。that/which指代先行词指代先行词the factory,引导引导定语从句定语从句，在从句中，在从句中作主语作主语。Corn is a useful plant that/which both people and animal can eat.玉米是人畜都能吃的有用植物。that/which指代先行词指代先行词plant和和the car,引引导定语从句导定语从句，在从句中，在从句中作宾语作宾语。指指 代代 事事 物物主主 语语宾宾 语语关系代词关系代词that/which(that/which)The car (that/which) my uncle had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake.我舅舅刚买的汽车在地震中遭到了毁坏。1. The number of people who/that lost their homes reached as many as 250,000. 失去家园的人的数字多达失去家园的人的数字多达2525万。万。2. The boy whom(who/that) we saw yesterday was Johns brother.我们昨天见到的那位男孩儿是约翰的哥哥。我们昨天见到的那位男孩儿是约翰的哥哥。who/thatwho/that指代先行词指代先行词people,people,引导定语从句引导定语从句，在定语从句中，在定语从句中作作主语主语。whom(who/that)指代先行词指代先行词the boy,引导定语从句引导定语从句，在定语从，在定语从句中句中作宾语作宾语。指 代 人主 语宾 语关系代词who/thatwhom(who/that) 关系代词关系代词主主 语语宾宾 语语指指 代代 事事 物物that/which(that/which)指指 代代 人人who/that( whom/who/that)备注：备注：先行词受到先行词受到序数词序数词、形容词最高级形容词最高级、all、any、 only、 very等词的修饰，或等词的修饰，或anything、nothing、everyth-ing、all、much等作先行词，则等作先行词，则关系代词用关系代词用that，不用，不用which.Fill in the gaps with who/whom/that/which1. The earthquake _ shook the city in 1906 was the biggest in the American history.2. We dont know the number of people _ lost their homes.3. The house _ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.4. The house _ is built on sand may fall down in an earthquake.5. Luckily none of the people _ I know were killed in the earthquake.6. People _ study the earthquakes think that there will be another bigger one soon.thatwhichthatwhichthatwhichwhomwho thatwho thatwho thatThe eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday.The eggs (that/which) I bought yesterday were not fresh.The friend wasnt hungry. He came to supper last night.The friend who came to supper last night wasnt hungry. He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parents farm.He prefers the cheese (that/which) comes from his parents farm.The noodles were delicious. You cooked them.The noodles (that/which) you cooked were delicious.Join these pairs of sentences using who/ that/ which单句改错：单句改错：1. The boy came to supper was very hungry.2. The man who grow vegetables has grown rich.3. The woman I met her in the market was at school with me.4. The food I cooked it was delicious.5. The tomatoes were on the table were green.6. The eggs I bought them yesterday were not fresh.7. The pancake I ate that was too dry.8. The man he sells vegetables lives next to us.9. A fish has a bright eye is fresh.10.Is this the first school which you went to?
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