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子话题(一)学习内容初背：月日再背：月日一、必背话题词汇1alphabet n字母；字母表2vocabulary n. 词汇；词汇量；词表3phrase n. 短语；词组4expression n. 词语；表示；表达5idiom n. 成语；习语6sentence n. 句子7passage n. 文章8accent n. 口音；腔调；重音9dialect n. 方言10saying n. 谚语11pronunciation n. 发音12tone n. 腔调；语调；声调13stress n. 重音14spelling n. 拼写；拼法15meaning n. 意义16term n. 术语；条目17grammar n. 语法18usage n. 使用；用法19mistake n. 错误20loanword n. 外来词21compound word 复合词22native/mother tongue 母语23official language 官方语言24oral/spoken English 英语口语25written English 书面英语26foreign language 外语1abstract n摘要2academic adj. 学院的；学术的3literacy n. 读写能力；识字4literal adj. 文字(上)的；字面的5manuscript n. 手稿；底稿；原稿6masterpiece n. 杰作；名著二、必背话题佳句1Its said that the biggest barrier to success in learning a foreign language is vocabulary.据说学好外语的最大障碍是词汇。2American English is easier to remember while British English is just kept its original words without few changes.美式英语更容易记住，而英式英语却保留了它的原词，没什么变化。3Although American English is almost the same as British English, they still have some differences.尽管美式英语和英式英语几乎一样，但是它们依然存在着一些差异。4As an international language, English acts as a bridge linking all countries together nowadays.作为一种国际语言，英语充当了当今连接各国的桥梁。5Nowadays Chinese is becoming more and more popular all over the world.当今，汉语在全世界正变得越来越受欢迎。.单词拼写1The best way to enlarge your vocabulary (词汇量) is to read extensively.2You may find it difficult to communicate with the natives, because many of them have a strong accent (口音)3Its difficult for us Chinese to master English idioms (习语)4The children picked up Shanghai dialect (方言) during their stay in Shanghai.5The word “alphabet” has two stresses (重音) in American English pronunciation.6First of all, I think it useful to learn some grammar (语法) and remember as many useful sentence patterns as I can.7A trade war is not a war in the literal (字面的) sense.8She used so many technical terms (术语) in her speech that the audience could not understand.9Homesick is a compound (复合的) word made up of HOME and SICK, which means sick for home.10If a word has more than one vowel, the tone (声调) should be marked on the main vowel of the word.用所给词的适当形式填空1I picked out some frequentlyused English expressions (express) when meeting foreign guests.2Every participant is expected to speak fluently, and your pronunciation (pronounce) should be as precise as possible.3If you look up the Chinese term “颜色” in ChineseEnglish dictionary, you will find two different spellings (spell) for this word.4Some usages (use) of English words are appropriate only in spoken English while others are more typical of formal writing.5The meeting was held in Guangzhou and Cantonese was taken as official (office) language for that meeting.6We can learn spoken (speak) English well by practising speaking English a great deal both in and out of class.7I feel that it would be cool if I get more practice in oral and written (write) English from this course.8He reacquired an academic (academy) reputation after five years of hard work.补全句子/句型转换1尽管很多学生认识到掌握英语很重要，但是他们仍然没有花费太多时间学习它。Although_many_students_become_aware_of_the_importance_of_mastering_English,_they still dont spend much time on it.2英国人喜欢用“football”而美国人则更喜欢用“soccer”。British like to use the word “football” while Americans prefer to use “soccer”3People said that British and American English would become separate languages.It_was_said_that British and American English would become separate languages.子话题(二)学习过程初背：月日再背：月日一、必背话题词汇1dictation n听写2pronounce vt. 发音3spell vt. 拼写4input vt.& n. 输入5output vt.& n. 输出6comprehension n. 理解7recite vt. 背诵8retell vt. 复述9preview vt. 预习10review vt. 复习11revision n. 复习12memorize vt. 记忆13consult vt. 查阅；咨询14classify vt. 分类15enlarge vt. 扩大16enrich vt. 丰富17practise vt.& vi. 练习18drill n& vi. 训练；操练19skim vt.& vi. 跳读；略读20scan vt.& vi. 扫描；浏览21translate vt.& vi. 翻译22accumulate vt.& vi. 积累；积聚23overcome vt. 克服；解决24go over 复习25look up 查阅26refer to 查阅；参考；指的是27insist on 坚持28make (full) use of (充分)利用29learn .by heart 背诵；记住30keep/bear .in mind 记住31put .to use 使用32work hard at 努力学习33set/take/write/note down 写下；记下34refer to/consult a dictionary 查字典35develop ones interest 培养某人的兴趣36improve ones reading ability 提高某人的阅读能力37form the/a habit of reading 养成阅读习惯38enlarge/expand ones vocabulary 扩大某人的词汇量39practise ones oral/spoken English 某人练习英语口语40memorize as many words as you can 尽量多记单词1presentation n提交；授予；颁发；出示2required course/compulsory course 必修课3broaden ones outlook/expand ones mental horizons 开阔眼界4be exposed to new ideas/experience接触各种新思想/新体验5give full play to ones ability 充分发挥能力二、必背话题佳句1One cannot learn a language well unless he works hard.如果不努力是学不好一门语言的。2Reading aloud is a very effective way of learning English.大声朗读是一种学习英语非常有效的方法。3The stronger the motivation is, the more quickly a person will learn a foreign language.一个人动机越强，学习一门外语就越快。4Welcome to take part in the English speech contest, which is to help you improve your spoken English.欢迎大家积极参加这次演讲比赛，这将会对你提高英语口语有帮助。5When it comes to improving Mandarin, my advice is that you should listen to Mandarin every day and practice speaking it whenever possible.Just as the old saying goes, “Practice makes perfect.”(2015四川高考书面表达)当谈到提高普通话时，我的建议是你每天尽可能地多听并随时尽可能地练习说普通话，正如俗话所说，“熟能生巧”。.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空1With Helens strong will and intelligence, combined with her teachers skill and patience, they overcame (克服) all the difficulties.2Chinese Characters Dictation (听写) Competition is partly designed to arouse peoples enthusiasm in Chinese.3In learning English, I think we should preview (预习) the lessons that the teacher will teach before class, making marks where we have questions.4He often consulted (查阅) a dictionary when he read the book.5Ill read all available English newspapers and magazines to enlarge (扩大) my vocabulary.6Only in that way can we accumulate (积累) much more knowledge, which can be put to use in the future.7Dr Evans thanked him for coming to make the presentations(颁发)8I also find some English pronunciations (pronounce) rather confusing.9He gave the speech without referring (refer) to his notes.10I know that it is because I dont spend some time in memorizing (memory) what I have learnt in class in my spare time.选词填空go over， look up， refer to， set down， insist on， enlarge/expand ones vocabulary， form the habit of， keep .in mind1He listened attentively and set_down every word the teacher said.2A good way to enlarge/expand_your_vocabulary is to read a daily newspaper.3Try not to look_up every new word in the dictionary when you read a passage.4Many children have formed_the_habit_of reading but not taking notes meanwhile.5The original meaning of Tuhao was referred_to the local rich and powerful family or person.6Ann is so careful that she always goes_over her exercises to make sure there are no mistakes.7To memorize some new English words is not difficult, but insisting_on memorizing more is difficult.8Whenever your emotion is out of control, just keep_in_mind that only by possessing a good state of mind can you attain success.补全句子/句型转换1用英语写日记是提高我们的英语写作能力的有效途径之一。Keeping_a_diary_in_English is one of the effective ways to improve our English writing ability.2事实上，一个学生越受鼓励，就越努力学习。As a matter of fact, the more a student is encouraged, the_harder_he_will_learn.3Speaking of learning a foreign language, many people wonder if they will be able to memorize enough words.When_it_comes_to learning a foreign language, many people wonder if they will be able to memorize enough words.子话题(三)学习结果初背：月日再背：月日一、必背话题词汇1master vt.精通；掌握2grasp vt. 领会；掌握3improve vt.& vi. 改善；增进；提高4accomplish vt. 完成5diploma n. 毕业文凭；证书6scholarship n. 奖学金7standard adj. 标准的8accuracy n. 准确；精确9accurate adj. 准确的；精确的10perfect adj. 完美的；极好的11fluent adj. 流利的；流畅的12fluency n. 流利；流畅13excellent adj. 极好的；优秀的14abundant adj. 充足的；丰盛的；充裕的15exact adj. 精确的；确切的16wonderful adj. 精彩的；了不起的17precise adj. 准确的；精确的；确切的18explicit adj. 清楚明白的；易于理解的19specific adj. 明确的；具体的；独特的20translate .into 把翻译成21get full marks 得满分22pick up (无意间)学得；拾起；捡起；接收23acquire skills/knowledge 获得技能/知识24have a good command of 精通(尤指语言)25have a good knowledge of 通晓1certificate n证书；证件；执照2release v. 发布(分数)3capacity n. 能力4intelligence n. 智力5overestimate v. 高估6potential n. 潜力；潜能二、必背话题佳句1My hard work pays off, and I am quite proud of what I have achieved in English.我的努力得到了回报，我为自己在英语方面所取得的成就感到非常骄傲。2Id like to attend English lectures, from which I can get more information on British and American culture.我愿意上英语课，从中我可以学到更多关于英美文化的知识。3We are supposed to learn English well because having a good command of English means more opportunities in the future.我们理应学好英语，因为精通英语意味着在将来有更多的机会。4Many Chinese find it necessary for them to have a good command of English.很多中国人发现精通英语对他们来说很有必要。5I have really improved myself in English since I joined in the English Corner.自从参加了英语角，我在英语上确实有了提高。.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空1Thanks to your help, we accomplished (完成) the task of translating the novel ahead of schedule.2In my opinion, reading is an excellent (极好的) hobby.It can bring us enjoyment and success.3To our satisfaction, Mr Howarth gave us very specific (具体的) instructions.4Working hard can bring us abundant (充足的) knowledge that makes us keep studying and understanding the whole world.5She has the potential (潜力) to become a champion.6It is equally important for the learners of first and second language for accuracy (accurate)7English is a language that many people around the world may not speak perfectly (perfect) but can at least understand.8I often chat in voice with some English netpals in my spare time, which really contributes to my fluency (fluent) in oral English.9The sounds of the Chinese and English languages are not exactly (exact) the same.10Americans like to say “I guess” to mean “I think”， which is precisely (precise) what the British used 300 years ago.选词填空1It is necessary to popularize Mandarin which is the standard language of China.2Some people think that one must find a good job as long as he/she has a high diploma.3He picked_up some foreign languages such as French and German when he traveled abroad.4As students at school, we should spend most of our time acquiring more knowledge and useful things.5Much as he confirms he has_a_good_command_of English, he sometimes feels it hard to find an appropriate version for some Chinese idioms.6If an excellent Chinese novel is_translated_into English, it means many more people in the world can enjoy it.补全句子/句型转换1我想你的老师将会对你在考试中取得的成绩感到高兴。I guess your teacher will be pleased with what_you_have_achieved in the exam.2许多学生发现如果他或她想学好英语，掌握英语语法是有必要的。Many students find_it_necessary_to_master the English grammar if he or she wants to learn English well.3The foreigners spoke so quickly that he couldnt understand, which made Tom very frustrated.Tom felt very frustrated because_the_foreigners_spoke so quickly that he couldnt understand.Topic 1English around the world (Book 1Unit 2)主课文晨读 THE ROAD TO MODERN ENGLISHAt the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.Native English speakers can understand each othereven if they dont speak the same kind of English. Look at this example：British Betty: Would you like to see my flat?American Amy: Yes. Id like to come up to your apartment.So why has English changed over time? Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French. These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British settlers moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia too. English began to be spoken in both countries.Finally by the 19th century the language was settled. At that time two big changes in English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language. The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling.English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia. For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. During that time English became the language for government and education. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa. Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. In fact, China may have the largest number of English learners. Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell.even if/though引导让步状语从句more .than .“与其说倒不如说”who引导定语从句“the number ofn.”作主语，谓语动词用单数 单词“分类记”(一)阅读障碍词汇(识其形知其义)1dialect n方言2accent n. 口音；腔调；重音3voyage n. 航行；航海4identity n. 本身；本体；身份5conquer vt. 征服；占领(二)高考高频词汇(知其义写其形)1native adj. 本国的；本地的n. 本地人；本国人2official adj. 官方的；正式的；公务的3base vt. 以为根据n. 基部；基地；基础4vocabulary n. 词汇；词汇量；词表5command n&vt. 命令；指令；掌握6request n&vt. 请求；要求7straight adv. 直接；挺直adj. 直的；笔直的；正直的8block n. 街区；块；木块；石块(三)活学活用词汇(记得清用得活).根据词性和词义写出下列单词1spelling n拼写；拼法spell vt.拼写2actually adv.实际上；事实上actual adj.实际的3gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地4recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认recognition n承认；识别5latter adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的late adj.迟的；晚的latest adj.最新的；最近的6fluent adj.流利的；流畅的fluently adv.流利地；流畅地fluency n流利；流畅7frequent adj.频繁的；常见的frequently adv.常常；频繁地8expression n词语；表示；表达express vt.表示；表达n.快车；快递.用所给词的适当形式填空1As is known to all, education is a gradual process, and people are gradually aware of its importance. (gradual)2He had changed so much that you couldnt recognize him. As a matter of fact, illness and age changed him beyond recognition.(recognize)3In order to speak Mandarin fluently,_Grace insists practising until she can speak fluent Mandarin because fluency in Mandarin is required in jobhunting in many Chinese companies. (fluent)4He expressed in his speech that he would support us and the expression on his face suggested that he meant what he said. (express)短语“语境记”(一)根据汉语写出下列短语1because_of因为；由于2come_up 走近；上来；提出3at_present 现在；目前4make_use_of 利用；使用5such_as 例如；像这种的6play_a_part_(in) 扮演一个角色；参与7base_._on_. 把建立在基础之上8the_number_of 的数量9more_than 超过；不止；非常10believe_it_or_not 信不信由你(二)选用上述短语填空1The_number_of overweight children in developed countries is increasing.2Because_of the snow, the pilot had to land the plane at an airport in another city.3I believe Mary as she always bases her ideas on scientific experiments.4At_present,_developing the ability of the students is an important task in our daily teaching activity.5The caste system is still strong in some eastern countries, such_as India.6They tried their best to make_use_of the chance that their school offered to study hard.7The question which came_up at the meeting was whether we had enough money.8Believe_it_or_not,_three out of every four high school students in our city now have mobile phones of their own.句式“仿写通”1Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。解读even ifeven though意为“即使；尽管”，引导让步状语从句。仿写即使我们有许多作业要做，我们也要抽时间听英文歌曲。We should spare some time to listen to English songs even_if/though_we_have_a_lot_of_homework_to_do.2It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。解读more . than . “与其说倒不如说”。仿写他们英语考试不及格，与其说我失望倒不如说我生气。I was more_angry_than_disappointed when they failed the English exam.3Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。解读no such . “没有这样的”。仿写任何事情都是要付出代价的，在英语学习中并没有捷径可言。Everything comes with a price; there_is_no_such_thing as a shortcut in English study.第一板块重点单词突破1base vt.以为根据n.基部；基地；基础高考佳句The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but neither contained any useful suggestions.(2015福建高考单选)以这个调查为基础，研究团队做了两个报告，但是都没有包含任何有用的建议。(1)base . on/upon .把建立在基础之上be based on/upon 以为基础；依据(2)basis n. 基础；基本原则basic adj. 基本的；基础的Based (base) on a true love story, the film we watched yesterday is highly thought of.我们昨天看的这部电影受到了高度评价，它是以一个真实的爱情故事为基础的。As far as Im concerned, common hobbies are the basis (base) of making friends.就我个人而言，共同的兴趣是交友的基础。First, he showed us the basic (base) steps and skills of making dough figurines.(2015北京高考书面表达)首先，他教给我们捏面人的基本步骤和技巧。2command nC命令；指令；U掌握vt.命令；指挥；掌握；支配经典例句Applicants will be expected to have a good command of English.申请人必须精通英语。(1)at sb.s command听某人支配be in command of 掌握；控制take command of 控制have a good command of 掌握；精通(尤指语言)(2)command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事command that . (should) do sth.命令Im at your command what would you like me to do?我听从你的支配你要我做什么？The teacher commanded the students to_hand (hand) in their homework after class.The teacher commanded that the students (should)_hand (hand) in their homework after class.老师命令学生下课后交作业。联想发散后接宾语从句且从句中用“(should) 动词原形”结构的动词有：一坚持：insist二命令：order, command三建议：suggest, advise, recommend四要求：demand, request, require, desire再加一个敦促：urge3request n& vt.请求；要求经典例句All members of the club are requested to attend the annual meeting.请俱乐部的全体会员务必参加年会。(1)make (a) request for sth./that .请求；要求at ones request 应某人的要求(2)request sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事request that . (should) do sth. 请求It is requested that . (should) do sth. 据要求Our teacher made a request that we (should)_be_well_prepared_for the exam.我们的老师要求我们为考试做好充分的准备。Dont respond to any email requesting (request) personal information, no matter how official they look.不要回复向你索要个人信息的任何邮件，不管它们看起来多么正式。All the articles are requested to be related to the students life.It is requested that all the articles (should)_be_related_to the students life.要求所有的文章与学生的生活有关。名师指津动词request后的宾语从句以及名词request后的表语从句、同位语从句都要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词为“(should)动词原形”。4recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认教材原句Although many Americans move a lot, they still recognize and understand each others dialects.虽然一些美国人经常搬迁，但他们仍然能识别并理解彼此的方言。(1)recognize sb./ones voice 认出某人/听出某人的声音be recognized as/to be . 被认作/被认为是It is recognized that . 人们公认(2)recognition n. 认出；认识beyond recognition 认不出来Cellphones which are now universally recognized_as a must, have a great effect on us.手机，现在广泛地被认为是必需品，对我们有很大
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