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第十三节句子（一）第十三节句子（一）第二部分中考语法知识归纳中考考点精讲精练中考考点精讲精练 句子按使用目的可分为四类：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。 陈述句陈述句: 1. 定义： 用来陈述一件事或表示一种看法的句子叫做陈述句，分为肯定句和否定句。 2. 常用的将肯定句改为否定句的方法： 如果肯定陈述句的谓语动词是be，have或情态动词时，在它们之后加not构成否定式；如果谓语中不含上述动词而只有行为动词，则在其前加助动词do(第三人称单数用does，过去式用did)，再加not构成否定式。 3. 部分否定与全部否定： 有一些表示“全体”或“完全”意义的总括词，如all，every，both，always等，凡含有这些词的否定句并非表示全部否定。这些词要表示全部否定时，常用none，no，neither，never，nowhere或not与any，anything等连用来表示。另all，both，every等和带in-，un-，dis-等否定前缀的词连用时，也表全部否定。考点考点1 疑问句疑问句考点精讲考点精讲 背：常见的特殊疑问词(组) what什么(可问职业)；which哪一个；when什么时候；why为什么；how如何、怎样；where(在)哪里； who谁；whose谁的；what time几点；what day星期几；what color什么颜色；what about 怎么样; how much多少/多少钱；how many多少；how far多远；how long多长/多久；how soon过多久；how often多久一次；how old多大；how about 怎么样;how heavy多重；how big多大；how tall / high多高；how deep多深。考题精解考题精解( )(2015梅州)_ is it the Qmolongma? Its 8,848 meters. Its very hard to climb the mountain. A. How deep B. How long C. How far D. How high 解析解析 本题句意：珠穆朗玛峰多高？ 它有8,848米高，很难攀登。本题考查特殊疑问词组，分析四个选项：how deep多深；how long多长/多久；how far多远；how high多高，可知填how high。 答案答案 D考题再现考题再现( )1. (2015广州)_ will the invitations be sent to our guests?In three days. A. How often B. How soonC. How long D. How far ( )2. (2014梅州)_ do you go shopping？Sometimes. A. How often B. How longC. How far D. How much( )3. (2013湛江)_ do you go to the library?Once a week. A. How often B. How longC. How far D. How soonBAA考题预测考题预测( )4. _ people are there in Emmas family？Three. A. How often B. How longC. How many D. How much( )5. Excuse me，sir. _ is it from here to the Childrens Palace？Well，only about five minutes walk. A. How often B. How longC. How far D. How soon( )6. _ are you always staying up so late these days?To prepare for my final exam. A. How B. Why C. When D. WhereCCB考点考点2 感叹句感叹句考点精讲考点精讲 定义：感叹句指的就是用以表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的句子。用感叹词what或how引导(此时的what / how译为“多么”)，常见句式如下：考题精解考题精解( )(2015广东)So far, Su Bingtian is the only Chinese who finished the 100-meter race in less than 10 seconds._ he runs!A. How slow B. How fastC. What a slow D. What a fast 解析解析 本题句意： 迄今为止，苏炳添是唯一一个在十秒内跑完百米赛的中国人。 他跑得真快啊！本题考查感叹词how引导的感叹句：结合句意、选项和答句所给部分，可以还原出陈述句He runs fast。至此推断中心词为副词，故感叹词为how。答案A一方面不符合提意，另一方面，slow为形容词，不能修饰动词runs。可见应填How fast。 答案答案 B考题再现考题再现( )1. (2014广东)Do you know Wang Feng？ He can remember 100 groups of numbers in five minutes. Yes. _ man he is！ A. What a smart B. How smartC. What a stupid D. How stupid( )2. (2013广东)Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize for Literature last year. _ excellent he is！A. How B. What C. What a D. What an( )3. (2012佛山)_ delicious food my mother cooks every day!A. What a B. What C. HowAAB考题预测考题预测( )4. Its said that an American teacher will teach us English next term. Wow!_! We can practice our oral English better.A. What an excited news B. How excited the news isC. What exciting newsD. How exciting newsC( )5. Listen! Someone is playing _ piano. Wow! _ beautiful the music is! I like it very much A. a; What B. the; HowC. the; What a D. /; How( )6. Laura is able to speak five languages._ unusual girl she is! A. How B. What anC. How an D. What aBB考点考点3 祈使句、倒装句祈使句、倒装句考点精讲考点精讲 表建议、命令、请求、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等的句子叫做祈使句。第二人称祈使句通常省略主语you而以动词原形开头。中考对祈使句的考查往往从其构成、答语和反义疑问句三个方面入手。 英语的基本句型是“主语谓语”。如果将主语与谓语位置调换，则称为倒装句。中考中的倒装句考查点为“so / neither / norbe 动词/情态动词/助动词主语”结构。考题精解考题精解( )(2014广州)Sorry，Im late. _ tell me the bus broke down again！ A. Never to B. Not C. Dont D. No 解析解析 本题句意：对不起我迟到了。不要告诉我公共汽车又抛锚了！ 本题考查否定祈使句的构成。肯定祈使句通常以动词原形开头，其否定形式常见的有三种：neverdo；dontdo；non./doing。纵观四个选项：Never to多了to；Not为错误形式；Dont正确；No后应为名词或动名词。 答案答案 C考题再现考题再现( )1. (2014梅州)_ play with fire. _ with fire is dangerous. A. Dont； Playing B. Not； PlayingC. Dont； Play D. Not to； To play( )2. (2012茂名)Youve left the room with the light on._. Ill go and turn it off. A. So I have B. So do IC. Nor have I D. Neither I do( )3. (2011茂名)Dont open the door, _? A. arent you B. dont youC. will youAAC考题预测考题预测( )4. When I was five, I drew very well._. A. So did I B. So was IC. Neither was I D. Neither did I ( )5. _ up, Ann. Its not the end of the world. A. Cheer B. CheeringC. Cheers D. To cheer( )6. _ call me Wang Wang! Its my dogs name. A. Not B. NoC. Dont D. PleaseAAC
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