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Unit 5学业质量标准检测观察内容的选择，我本着先静后动，由近及远的原则，有目的、有计划的先安排与幼儿生活接近的，能理解的观察内容。随机观察也是不可少的，是相当有趣的，如蜻蜓、蚯蚓、毛毛虫等，孩子一边观察，一边提问，兴趣很浓。我提供的观察对象，注意形象逼真，色彩鲜明，大小适中，引导幼儿多角度多层面地进行观察，保证每个幼儿看得到，看得清。看得清才能说得正确。在观察过程中指导。我注意帮助幼儿学习正确的观察方法，即按顺序观察和抓住事物的不同特征重点观察，观察与说话相结合，在观察中积累词汇，理解词汇，如一次我抓住时机，引导幼儿观察雷雨，雷雨前天空急剧变化，乌云密布，我问幼儿乌云是什么样子的，有的孩子说：乌云像大海的波浪。有的孩子说“乌云跑得飞快。”我加以肯定说“这是乌云滚滚。”当幼儿看到闪电时，我告诉他“这叫电光闪闪。”接着幼儿听到雷声惊叫起来，我抓住时机说：“这就是雷声隆隆。”一会儿下起了大雨，我问：“雨下得怎样?”幼儿说大极了，我就舀一盆水往下一倒，作比较观察，让幼儿掌握“倾盆大雨”这个词。雨后，我又带幼儿观察晴朗的天空，朗诵自编的一首儿歌：“蓝天高，白云飘，鸟儿飞，树儿摇，太阳公公咪咪笑。”这样抓住特征见景生情，幼儿不仅印象深刻，对雷雨前后气象变化的词语学得快，记得牢，而且会应用。我还在观察的基础上，引导幼儿联想，让他们与以往学的词语、生活经验联系起来，在发展想象力中发展语言。如啄木鸟的嘴是长长的，尖尖的，硬硬的，像医生用的手术刀样，给大树开刀治病。通过联想，幼儿能够生动形象地描述观察对象。 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)单靠“死”记还不行,还得“活”用,姑且称之为“先死后活”吧。让学生把一周看到或听到的新鲜事记下来,摒弃那些假话套话空话,写出自己的真情实感,篇幅可长可短,并要求运用积累的成语、名言警句等,定期检查点评,选择优秀篇目在班里朗读或展出。这样,即巩固了所学的材料,又锻炼了学生的写作能力,同时还培养了学生的观察能力、思维能力等等,达到“一石多鸟”的效果。 第一节(共5小题； 每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)与当今“教师”一称最接近的“老师”概念，最早也要追溯至宋元时期。金代元好问示侄孙伯安诗云：“伯安入小学，颖悟非凡貌，属句有夙性，说字惊老师。”于是看，宋元时期小学教师被称为“老师”有案可稽。清代称主考官也为“老师”，而一般学堂里的先生则称为“教师”或“教习”。可见，“教师”一说是比较晚的事了。如今体会，“教师”的含义比之“老师”一说，具有资历和学识程度上较低一些的差别。辛亥革命后，教师与其他官员一样依法令任命，故又称“教师”为“教员”。 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1What can we learn about Linda？ _C_ AShe has been staying in the US.for twelve years.BShe went to America at the age of twelve.CShe didnt leave the US.until she was twelve.2Why did so many old people die last month？ _B_ AIt was too hot.BIt was too cold.CThey were too old.3Where does this conversation probably take place？ _A_ AIn a hospital.BIn a friends house.CIn the mans house.4What time did the woman and Anna meet？ _A_ AAt 7：53. BAt 7：57. CAt 7：58.5What sport does the man play now？ _C_ ABasketball. BFootball.CBadminton.第二节(共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6What happened to the man？ _B_ AHe failed his final test.BHe was out of work.CHe gave the students a hard final test.7How was the mans feeling for the woman？ _C_ ADisappointed. BFriendly.CGrateful.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8Which day (s) does the man finally make a reservation for？ _C_ ANovember 10.BNovember 17.CNovember 17 and 18.9Which type of room does the man book？ _A_ AStandard. BDeluxe.CSuite.10How much does the man have to pay to hold the room at first？ _C_ A$220. B$160.C$50.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11Why is the woman moving？ _C_ ATo find a nicer place to live in.BTo live together with her parents.CTo have a better job in a new place.12Where do her parents live？ _B_ AIn a big city.BIn a small village.CIn a nearby country.13Why doesnt the woman take her dog with her？ _C_ AShe cant take care of it.BHer parents dont want her to take it.CShe thinks the dog might not be happy there.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14When do the speakers usually meet？ _B_ AOn Mondays. BOn Tuesdays.COn Wednesdays.15What does the man think of Professor Grayson？ _A_ ANice. BBoring.CHumorous.16What is the mans major？ _C_ AMaths.BEconomics.CEnglish literature.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17What is the woman doing？ _A_ AHosting a TV show.BGiving a lecture on poetry.CConducting a radio debate.18How did the mans mother contribute to his success in poetry？ _C_ AShe sent him to poetry classes.BShe taught him to write business plans.CShe asked him to read from early childhood.19What does the man find most difficult in writing？ _A_ AChoosing the right words.BDescribing real experiences.CGetting an appropriate opportunity.20What does the man say about his own writing？ _C_ ACreative. BSuccessful.CEncouraging.听力原文Text 1W：Linda speaks English almost as well as an American.M：Dont you know her family lived in the US.until she was 12 years old？Shes never forgotten her English.Text 2W：The temperature has reached 31 degrees below zero.I cant bear it.M：Neither can IThe newspaper says many people died last month，and 71 percent of them were over 65.Text 3M：I want to see about getting a private room as soon as possible.Also please put a “No Visitors”sign on my door.W：Ill take care of both things，but first put this in your mouth so that I can take your temperature.Text 4M：Did you and Anna really meet at exactly five minutes to eight in front of the theatre?W：No.To be exact，we were two minutes earlier.Text 5W：What sports do you like?M：Actually，I really enjoy basketball and football.W：Do you often play them?M：I used to，but now I only play badminton when Im free.Text 6M：How are you，Mrs.Brandon?W：Pretty good.How are you doing?M：Not so good.I just lost my job today.W：Im sorry to hear that.M：How are your students doing?W：They are very nervous about their final test.M：I remember you gave our class a hard final test in my first year of college.Many of us failed.But I really learned a lot from you.You see I can speak English very well.W：Thank you for saying so.Text 7W：Thanks for calling Quality Inn.Morine speaking.M：Hello.Id like to make a reservation for this Friday.W：This Friday？November the tenth?M：Yes.W：Im afraid were totally booked for that weekend.M：What about the weekend after that?W：So Friday the seventeenth?M：Yes.Friday and Saturday.W：All right sir.We have 3 types of room，standard，deluxe，and suite.The price of the standard room is $160 per night，deluxe room is $ 220 per night，and the suite is $ 380 per night.Which type of room would you like to book?M：I want to book a standard room.W：All right sir，we still have standard room available for November the seventeenth and eighteenth.M：Good.Can we pay when we arrive?W：Yes，but we do require a fifty dollar credit card deposit to hold the room.M：Thats fine.W：Whos the booking for，please，sir?M：Mr.Ryefield.W：Okay，Mr.Ryefield.Thank you for choosing Quality Inn.Goodbye.Text 8M：Hi，Jenny.Is it true you are moving to London?W：Yes，it is.M：What made you decide to do that?W：Work，mainly.Im sure Ill be able to find a job there.M：You are probably right.But where are you going to live?W：I hope I will find a flat to share with somebody.Thatll be cheaper.M：Yes，thats a good idea.Are you taking your dog with you?W：No，I dont think so.My parents have offered to take care of him，and I dont think hed be happy in the city.M：You are probably right.But arent you afraid of moving to such a big place，especially after living in a small village?W：Not really.I think Ill enjoy myself.Theres so much to do there.I expect I wont miss the countryside much and I can always come back and visit.M：Well，I just hope youll invite me to stay when you get settled.W：Of course I will.Text 9W：You look familiar.Have we met before?M：No，but I recognize you from my economics classProfessor Grayson，Tuesdays and Thursdays at ten.W：Thats it！I knew Id seen you before.Anyway，my names Lisa.M：Hi，Lisa，Im David.Its nice to meet you.W：Nice to meet you，too.So，do you like that class so far?M：Oh，its OK.Professor Grayson is a good teacher，but I guess I just dont like economics very much.W：Oh？Well，why are you taking it?M：I thought it would be a good idea to learn about the economy.But theres more maths than I expected，and my maths skills are kind of weak.W：Yeah，mine too.So，what are you studying?M：English literature.W：That sounds interesting.Text 10W：Welcome to this edition of writers.Tonight we have Steven Darcy with us.Congratulations on your book Life and Everything in Between，Steven.Its such a success.M：Thank you.W：This is your first attempt at poetry？Did you ever try it before？Did you take any classes in poetry?M：Well.My only real experience was writing business plans.Other than that，Ive zero experience，where writings are concerned.Ive always had a good grasp of the English language，thanks to my mom who let me read when I was very little.W：Whats the hardest thing about creating your work?M：Definitely finding the perfect words to fit what I wanted to say.Theres always a word or two that I might still rewrite if given the chance.W：Will there be more collections of poetry from Darcy?M：There will be more of something I suppose.But maybe not poetry.I really dont see myself as a poet.Rather，I see what I wrote as a kind of writing that might inspire people in the way.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。A(2018河南省平顶山市高二期末)Homestay provides English language students with the opportunity to speak English outside the classroom and the experience of being part of a British home.What to ExpectThe host will provide accommodation and meals.Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed at least once a week.You will be given the house key and the host is there to offer help and advice as well as to take an interest in your physical and mental health.Meal Plans Available Continental Breakfast Breakfast and Dinner Breakfast，Packed Lunch and DinnerIts important to note that few English families still provide a traditional cooked breakfast.Your accommodation includes Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice，cereal(谷物类食品)，bread and tea or coffee.Cheese，fruit and cold meat are not normally part of a Continental Breakfast in England.Dinner usually consists of meat or fish with vegetables followed by dessert，fruit and coffee.FriendsIf you wish to invite a friend over to visit，you must first ask your hosts permission.You have no right to entertain friends in a family home as some families feel it is an invasion of their privacy.Selfcatering Accommodation in Private HomesAccommodation on a roomonly basis includes a shared kitchen and bathroom facilities and often a main living room.This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle and is more suitable for the longstay student.However，it does not provide the same family atmosphere as an ordinary homestay and may not benefit those who need to practise English at home quite as much.语篇解读：这是一篇广告宣传。本文是写给要到英国学习语言的人的，主要介绍了英国的Homestay的特点以及具体的信息。21Which of the following will be provided by the host？ _A_ ARoom cleaning. BMedical care.CPhysical training. DFree accommodation.解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed at least once a week.可知，A项Room cleaning是对方提供的服务之一，故A选项正确。22What does Continental Breakfast include？ _C_ ACheese and cold meat. BFruit and coffee.CFruit juice and bread. DDessert and tea.解析：细节理解题。根据Your accommodation includes Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice，cereal，bread and tea or coffee.可知，早餐包括果汁，面包，茶，咖啡等。故C选项正确。23Whats the advantage of selfcatering accommodation for students？ _A_ ATo be independent.BTo practice English.CTo make more friends.DTo enjoy warm family atmosphere.解析：细节理解题。由文中最后一段的This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle and is more suitable for the longstay student可知，selfcatering accommodation 可以给学生提供一个独立的生活方式。故A选项正确。BAn Australian company, Smart Car Technologies, has developed a system that lets drivers know when theyre speeding. When the technology becomes commercially available, it could help leadfooted drivers avoid tickets and also save lives.The company that developed the product hopes to convince Australian government agencies to put the technology into use in their automobile fleets(车队)The product, called Speed Alert, links realtimelocation data and speed obtained with the help of GPS to a database of posted speed limits stored in a drivers PDA or programmable mobile phone.The setup of the product does not need to be hooked up to a cars speedometer(速度计)In fact, it is entirely portable.It will also work with newer phones and PDAs that have builtin GPS receivers.If a driver exceeds (超过) the speed limit, the speed is shown and an alert sounds.Michael Paine, an Australian vehicle design engineer and traffic safety consultant, was hired to analyze the product.He told LiveScience that his colleagues in the road safety field are “very enthusiastic” about what theyre now calling “an intelligent speed alert”Other research, according to Paine, shows that 40 percent of all traffic deaths involve speeding.There is also a potentially controversial future use.“Since the system is so portable, it would be easy to make it a requirement for teenage drivers to always use a speed alert device when driving，” Paine said.“The system even has the capability to record speeding violations, so parents can monitor their teenage drivers.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要对澳大利亚一家公司所生产的一种新型的预防超速驾驶的车载智能装备进行了简要的介绍。24Whats the purpose of the new product？ _D_ ATo inform us of the new car system.BTo introduce some improvements in cars.CTo popularize the builtin car system.DTo limit certain drivers to safe driving.解析：细节理解题。 根据第一、二段内容可知，使用该新产品的目的是限制一些司机开车超速，使他们在安全速度内驾驶。25Leadfooted drivers refer to the ones _B_ .Awho drive too carelesslyBwho drive over the speed limitCwho are partly disabledDwho drive too slowly解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的第二句“When the technology becomes commercially available, it could help leadfooted drivers avoid tickets and also save lives.”可推知，leadfooted drivers 指开车超速的司机。26The second paragraph mainly talks about _B_ .Athe project of the builtin productBhow the product is programmedCthe functions of GPS in carsDwhy the system becomes popular解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段的整体内容可知，本段主要介绍了这个新产品的原理和实际操作方式。27. What can be the best title of the passage？ _A_ AA New Incar Device Against SpeedingBProgress in Carmaking ScienceCWarning for Adventurous DriversDA Speed Alert and Its Future Use解析：推理判断题。文章第一段开篇点题，主要介绍了澳大利亚一家公司所生产的一种新型的预防超速驾驶的车载智能设备，故选A项。C(2018广西省贵港市高二期末)Once upon a time，a daughter complained to her father that her life was unhappy and that she was tired of struggling all the time.Her father，a chef，took her to the kitchen.He filled three pots with water and placed each on a high fire.Once the three pots began to boil，he placed potatoes，eggs and coffee beans in them.After 20 minutes，he took them out，putting the potatoes and eggs in a bowl and the coffee in a cup.Turning to his daughter，he said，“Look closer，and touch the potatoes.” She did and noted that they were soft.He then asked her to take an egg and break it.After pulling off the shell，she observed the hardboiled egg.Finally，he asked her to taste the coffee.Its good smell brought a smile to her face.“Father，what does this mean？” she asked.He then explained that the potatoes，the eggs and the coffee beans were in the same adversity (逆境)the boiling water.However，each one reacted differently.The strong and hard potato became soft and weak in boiling water.The egg was fragile，with the thin outer shell protecting its liquid until it was put in the boiling water.Then the inside of the egg became hard，However，the coffee beans were unique.After they were exposed to the boiling water，they changed the water and created something new.“Which one do you want to be like？” he asked.“When adversity knocks on your door，how will you respond？”In life，challenges happen to us all，but the only thing that truly matters is what happens within us.语篇解读：这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述一个女孩告诉爸爸，她厌倦于生活中的努力，奋斗，想放弃。于是爸爸将她带到厨房，用土豆，鸡蛋和咖啡分别在热水里煮，让她看这三种东西的反应，从而启发孩子在逆境的时候应该怎么做。28Why did the girl complain to her father？ _B_ ABecause of her fathers busy work.BBecause of her hard life.CBecause of her tiring job.DBecause of the food her father cooked.解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“a daughter complained to her father that her life was unhappy and that she was tired of struggling all the time.”可知，是因为生活不快乐，厌倦了一直努力奋斗而向父亲抱怨，由此可知女孩是因为生活中的困难向父亲抱怨。分析选项可知，B项符合题意。29What can we infer from this story？ _A_ ADifferent people have different reactions towards adversity.BThe father was good at cooking.CThe girl didnt like the potatoes and eggs.DThe girl liked the coffee best.解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“He then explained that the potatoes，the eggs and the coffee beans were in the same adversity(逆境)the boiling water.However，each one reacted differently”(他解释说，土豆、鸡蛋和咖啡豆处于同一逆境沸水。然而，每一种反应都不同。)，然后第四段中描述了三种物品在沸水中的反应，从而得出“When adversity knocks on your door，how will you respond？”当不幸降临时，你该如何应对？你是一个土豆、一颗鸡蛋还是一粒咖啡豆？即面对逆境，你会如何回应？所以不同的人们面对逆境有不同的反应。分析选项可知，A项正确。30What does the underlined word “fragile” mean in the 4th paragraph？ _D_ Athick BhardCstrong Deasilybroken解析：猜测词义题。 根据第四段中的“The egg was fragile，with the thin outer shell protecting its liquid until it was put in the boiling water.Then the inside of the egg became hard”根据后一句可知，鸡蛋的外壳很薄，保护着里面的液体，直到它被放进沸水里，然后鸡蛋的内部变得坚硬。由此可推断出fragile意为“易碎的”。31What would be the best title for the passage？ _C_ AFather and daughterBA chef and coffee beansCChallenges and responsesDAdversities and a chef解析：主旨大意题。本文讲述了一个爸爸面对女儿厌倦生活的困难，不想努力时，用了土豆，鸡蛋和咖啡豆在被开水煮时不同的反应来告诉女儿，面对困境应当如何反应。故C项(挑战与反应)符合文意，为最佳标题。故选C项。D(2018河南省平顶山市高二期末)Most people know something about the greenhouse effect.Factories send gasses such as carbon dioxide，or CO2，into the atmosphere，the air around the earth.In the past，this wasnt a problem because trees absorbed the CO2.But now people in many countries are cutting down billions of trees all around the world.At the same time，factories are sending more CO2 into the atmosphere.Its difficult to believe，but factories put billions of tons of CO2 into the atmosphere every year.One ton is over 2000 pounds，so it is a lot of pollution.There is too much CO2 and there arent enough trees，so the world is getting warmer.In other words，we have a greenhouse effect.This is terrible for the environment.What can we do about this? First, we can stop using so much coal and oil.We can learn to use different kinds of energy: the sun，wind，steam from volcanoes，and heat from inside the earth.Second，instead of cutting down trees，we should plant more trees.One tree can absorb ten pounds of carbon dioxide every year.The trees are good for the earths atmosphere and for Guatemala (拉丁美洲国家危地马拉)In small towns and villages in Guatemala，most women are poor and have hard lives.Trees help them in three ways.First，the Connecticut factories pay them to plant the trees.Their pay is corn，not money.The corn is good for their children.Second，these women know a lot about their environment.They know where to plant when to plant，and what kinds of trees to plant.For example，they plant many fruit trees.The fruit gives them vitamins for their families，diets.Other trees are good for firewood.In a few years，the women wont spend so much time looking for firewood.Third，all these trees are good for the soil.Now rain cant wash the soil down from the mountains so easily.This plan isnt enough to stop the greenhouse effect.However，its a start.The woman of Guatemala are helping themselves and helping their environment.语篇解读：这是一篇议论文。本文讲述的是引起温室效应的原因，以及针对温室效应已经应该采取的措施。包括停止使用这么多的煤和石油，种更多的树，因为一棵树每年能吸收十磅的二氧化碳。32Which of the following statement is NOT true？ _B_ AFactories send more CO2 into the atmosphere.BTrees cant absorb the same CO2 as they did in the past.CBillions of trees are being cut down throughout the world.DThe greenhouse effect is extremely bad for the environment.解析：细节理解题。由文中第一段的There is too much CO2 and there arent enough trees，可知，是因为树木越来越少，二氧化碳越来越多，所以才无法像以前一样能吸收掉，而不是因为树木的吸收力不如以前了，B选项表述错误。故B选项正确。33Whats the main idea of the second paragraph？ _D_ AThe reasons why we should plant more trees.BWays we can adopt to take heat from volcanoes.CMeasures to be taken to forbid the use of coal and oil.DThings we can do to stop or reduce the greenhouse effect.解析：段落大意题。第二段主要讲了针对温室效应的办法，包括停止煤和汽油的使用以及多种树木。故D选项正确。34How does planting trees help improve womens lives in Guatemala？ _D_ ABy preventing the greenhouse effect.BBy developing thei
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