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菏泽语法十一动词的时态与语态考点考点1 动词的时态动词的时态(1)一般现在时一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作或表示客观真理。表示经常性、习惯性的动作或表示客观真理。常与常与often, usually, always等时间状语连用。等时间状语连用。She often works on weekends. 她经常在周末工作。她经常在周末工作。There are four seasons in a year. 一年有四季。一年有四季。(2)一般过去时一般过去时表示过去发生的动作。表示过去发生的动作。be动词的一般过去时为动词的一般过去时为was, were；实义动词的一般过去时为动词的过去式。常与实义动词的一般过去时为动词的过去式。常与just now, yesterday, last week, ago等表示过去的时间状语连用。等表示过去的时间状语连用。Who did you see at the meeting yesterday？你在昨天的会议上看见了谁？你在昨天的会议上看见了谁？必背句式必背句式一般过去时一段时间一般过去时一段时间agoIt is一段时间一段时间since一般过去时一般过去时过去进行时过去进行时when一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时when一般过去时一般过去时(3)一般将来时一般将来时由由“shall/will动词原形动词原形”构成，构成，shall用于第一人称，用于第一人称，will用于各种人称；此外还有用于各种人称；此外还有“be going to动词原形动词原形”的形式。常与的形式。常与tomorrow, next week等表示将来的时间等表示将来的时间状语连用。状语连用。He will visit Scotland next week. 他下周要去苏格兰旅游。他下周要去苏格兰旅游。I am going to stay for a week. 我打算待一个星期。我打算待一个星期。Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain. 看那乌云。要下雨了。看那乌云。要下雨了。be going to do表示将来时指事先经过考虑的打算或表示将来时指事先经过考虑的打算或有迹象表明要发生某事。有迹象表明要发生某事。 be going to do表示将来表示将来be going to do表示将来有两种情况：一种是事先经过考虑表示将来有两种情况：一种是事先经过考虑的打算；另一种是有迹象表明要发生某事。考生经常在这的打算；另一种是有迹象表明要发生某事。考生经常在这两种情况上触雷。两种情况上触雷。(4)现在进行时现在进行时由由“am/is/are现在分词现在分词”构成，表示现在正在发生的事情构成，表示现在正在发生的事情或近期一直在做的事情。句中常有或近期一直在做的事情。句中常有now, Look! Listen！等标志词。等标志词。Look! A bird is flying in the sky. 看！一只鸟在天上飞。看！一只鸟在天上飞。She is teaching at a night school now. 目前她在一所夜校教学。目前她在一所夜校教学。(5)过去进行时过去进行时由由“was/were现在分词现在分词”构成，表示过去某一时间正在构成，表示过去某一时间正在发生的事情或过去某段时间一直在做的事情。常与发生的事情或过去某段时间一直在做的事情。常与this time yesterday, “when过去动作过去动作”等时间状语连用。等时间状语连用。She was watching TV at this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候她正在看电视。昨天这个时候她正在看电视。They were waiting for you last night. 昨晚他们一直在等你。昨晚他们一直在等你。(6)现在完成时现在完成时由由“have/has过去分词过去分词”构成，表示过去某时发生的动作构成，表示过去某时发生的动作一直延续到现在或过去的动作对现在有影响。标志词有一直延续到现在或过去的动作对现在有影响。标志词有since, for, already, yet, so far等。等。I have lived in Beijing since 10 years ago. 自从自从10年前我就一直在北京居住。年前我就一直在北京居住。 They have lost the match. 他们已经输了比赛。他们已经输了比赛。当句中有当句中有“How long. . . ？/since. . . /for. . . ”等时间状语等时间状语时，句中动词要用延续性动词。非延续性动词与延续性时，句中动词要用延续性动词。非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换如下：动词的转换如下：buyhaveborrowkeepleavebe awaydiebe dead becomebe come tobe inbeginbe on stopbe overopen/closebe open/closedleave地点地点be away from地点地点joinbe in/a member of非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换上面这些常见的非延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转换是上面这些常见的非延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转换是考生经常触雷的地方。考生经常触雷的地方。1(2017贵港中考贵港中考)Where were Bill and David when the teacher came in? They _ in the hallway. Aare talking Bhave talkedCwere talking DtalkC2(2017泰安中考泰安中考)With the development of science and technology, robot cooks _ in our families in the future. Aappear BappearedCwill appear Dis appearingC3(2017莱芜中考莱芜中考)I didnt see your father yesterday when I went to your house. Oh, he _ strawberries on the farm. Apicks BpickedCwas picking Dhas pickedC4(2017烟台中考烟台中考)Look at my new smart phone. Wow, its so cool! When and where _ you _it? Ado; buy Bhave; boughtCdid; buy Dhave; hadC5(2017安徽中考安徽中考)I am surprised at the new look of my hometown, for it _ a lot over the years. Achanged BchangesCwill change Dhas changedD6(2017北京中考北京中考)How do you usually go to school? I _ to school on foot. Ago BwentCwas going Dwill goA7(2017北京中考北京中考)My mother _ some washing when the telephone rang. Adoes BdidCis doing Dwas doingD8(2017福建中考福建中考)Do you know the Color Run, a fivekilometer race? Yes. So far it _ into quite a few cities in our country. Acomes Bcame Chas comeC9(2017鄂州中考鄂州中考)The town of Huarong _a lot in the past five years. Thats true. Its becoming more and more beautiful. Achanged Bhas changedChad changed Dis changingB10(2017无锡中考无锡中考)They promised that they _ me look for my key until it was found. But they soon walked away. Awill help Bhave helpedCwould help Dhad helpedC考点考点2 被动语态被动语态(1)一般现在时的被动语态一般现在时的被动语态(am/is/are done)This machine is made in China. 这台机器是中国制造的。这台机器是中国制造的。(2)一般过去时的被动语态一般过去时的被动语态(was/were done)The windows in our classroom were broken yesterday. 昨天我们教室的窗户被打碎了。昨天我们教室的窗户被打碎了。(3)一般将来时的被动语态一般将来时的被动语态(will/shall be done)I think the desks will be repaired soon. 我想这些课桌很快要修好了。我想这些课桌很快要修好了。(4)含情态动词的被动语态含情态动词的被动语态(can/may/must/should be done)Where can the lost book be found？这本丢失的书能在哪里找到？这本丢失的书能在哪里找到？Who might be elected monitor in our class？我们班谁可能被选为班长？我们班谁可能被选为班长？11(2017临沂中考临沂中考)They have collected more than 14，000 books since the library _ last month. Abuilt Bwas builtCbuilds Dis builtB12(2017泰安中考泰安中考)As China grows stronger and stronger, Chinese _ in more and more schools out of our country. Ateaches Bis taughtChas taught Dwas taughtB13(2017莱芜中考莱芜中考)More schools in Laiwu _ to provide children with better education in a few years. Abuilt Bare builtCwere built Dwill be builtD14(2017青岛中考青岛中考)Teenagers have to be 18 years old before they _ to drive a car. Aare allowed BallowedCwill be allowed DallowA15(2017北京中考北京中考)The mobile phone _ in 1973. Ainvents Bis inventedCinvented Dwas inventedD16(2017福建中考福建中考)Eleven Chinese films _ during the 7th Chinese Film Festival in France last month. Ashowed Bare shownCwere shown C17(2017黄石中考黄石中考)The old building _ down to make room for the city library a year ago. Awas taking Bis takenCwas taken Dwould takeC18(2017咸宁中考咸宁中考)What do you think of the latest TV play In the Name of People? Its very popular. Millions of families _ by it during that time. Aattracted Bare attractedCwere attracted Dwere attractingC19(2017上海中考上海中考)The museum _ next month to celebrate the Science&Technology Festival. Ais decorated Bwill decorateCis decorating Dwill be decoratedD20(2017重庆中考重庆中考)Its reported that Ke Jie _ by AlphaGo in May, 2017. Abeat BbeatsCwas beaten Dwill be beatenC21Your clothes need _ . _ she wash them for you? Ato be washed; ShallBto wash; ShallCwashing; Will C22To my disappointment, the computer I had _ was out of order again. Arepaired Brepaired itChad repaired it A
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