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Unit 5 First aidUnit 5 First aid Students discuss the question in pairs and they are encouraged to think out as much information as possible.Brainstorming-I-definition (2m)What is first aid?the fist kind of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.the initial care of a suddenly sick or injured person.the care administered by a person as soon as possible after an accident or illness.Why is first aid important?Brainstorming-I-definition (2m)The prompt care sometimes draws the line between life and death.The prompt attention draws the line between a full or partial recovery.Brainstorming-I-definition (2m)main aims of first aidTo preserve lifeTo protect the casualty from further harmTo relieve pain Discuss in groups of four what has happened in each picture. Have you, or someone you know, been in any of these situations? Did you or someone else give help in any of them? If so, what kinds of help? What kinds of first aid you should give in the following situations.Brainstorming-II-speaking (5m)a snake bitbleedinga sprained anklechokinga broken arma bloody noseWhat has happened?What kind of first aid would you perform in this situation?Pre-reading (3m) Whats the topic of the text and how is the information organized?Reading-I-skimming (1m)Its about first aid for burns and the Its about first aid for burns and the information is organized according to cause, information is organized according to cause, types, characteristic and first aid treatment types, characteristic and first aid treatment for burns.for burns. The reading passage is a text from a book called The reading passage is a text from a book called First Aid for the Family. It is a quite-reference book First Aid for the Family. It is a quite-reference book which is organized under headings in such a way that which is organized under headings in such a way that readers can quickly find the information they want. readers can quickly find the information they want. In this type of text, it is common for information to be In this type of text, it is common for information to be in note form. It is also common that ellipsis is used in in note form. It is also common that ellipsis is used in giving instruction. The article the is often omitted in giving instruction. The article the is often omitted in the instructions under “First aid treatment”, for the instructions under “First aid treatment”, for example, cover burnt area instead of cover the burnt example, cover burnt area instead of cover the burnt area; hold bandage in place instead of hold the area; hold bandage in place instead of hold the bandage in place.bandage in place. How many parts can the text be divided into and what are they?Reading-II-skimming (2m)Part 1: the purpose of skinPart 1: the purpose of skinPart 2: how we get burnsPart 2: how we get burnsPart 3: the three types of burnsPart 3: the three types of burnsPart 4: the symptoms of burnsPart 4: the symptoms of burnsPart 5: how we get burnsPart 5: how we get burns1. What can skin do for our body?2. How can we get burnt?3. How many types of burns and what are they?Reading-III-detailed reading (5m)Detail Reading1.What can skin do for our body? Skin protects you against diseases, poisons Skin protects you against diseases, poisons and the suns harmful rays. It also keeps you and the suns harmful rays. It also keeps you warm or cool; it prevents your body from warm or cool; it prevents your body from losing water; it is where you feel cold, heat or losing water; it is where you feel cold, heat or pain; and it gives you your sense of touch.pain; and it gives you your sense of touch.2. How can we get burnt?3. How many types of burns and what are they? You can get burnt by: hot liquids, steam, fire, You can get burnt by: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity and chemicals. radiation, the sun, electricity and chemicals. There are three types of burns: first degree burns, There are three types of burns: first degree burns, second degree burns and third degree burns.second degree burns and third degree burns. According to the text, label the following pictures with first degree burn, second degree burn and third degree burn.Reading-IV-Practice (3m)The second degree burnThe first degree burnThe third degree burn Discuss in groups of four to see whether the following is right or wrong. If its wrong, explain why and give the correct statement. 1. Sam knocked over a kettle full of boiling water onto this legs. His legs became red, swollen and covered with blisters. Sam broke the blisters and poured icy water from the fridge onto the skin. ( ) 2. While ironing clothes, Miss Good accidentally touched the iron. Her wrist blistered and became watery. It hurt a lot. She put her wrist under the cold water tap and then kept placing cool, clean, damp cloths on it until it was less painful. Then she went to see the doctor. ( )Discussion-I (5m)WR3. Mrs Caseys sleeve caught fire while she was cooking. Her arm looked terrible but it didnt hurt. The skin was charred. Her husband took off her blouse and picked off bits of the blouse stuck to the burn. He then placed butter on the burn and covered it with a wet bandage. ( )4. After an hour in the sun, Lily noticed her arms were red and hurt a bit. She went home and put them under cool running water. ( )WR1.Why should you put cold water on a burn?2.Why doesnt a third degree burn hurt?3.Why do you think clothes and jewellery near burns should be removed?4.If someone has a third degree burn, why might you see tissue?Discussion-II (5m)Students discuss the following questions in groups of four. After the discussion, the representatives from each group present their views.1.Why should you put cold water on a burn?2.Why doesnt a third degree burn hurt?Because the cold water stops the burning Because the cold water stops the burning process, stops the pain and reduces the process, stops the pain and reduces the swelling.swelling.Because in a third degree burn the nerves have Because in a third degree burn the nerves have been damaged. If there are no nerves, there is been damaged. If there are no nerves, there is no pain.no pain.3.Why do you think clothes and jewellery near burns should be removed?4. If someone has a third degree burn, why might you see tissue?Because bacteria from the clothes and Because bacteria from the clothes and jewelleryjewellery could infect the burns. could infect the burns.Because all the layers of the skin have been Because all the layers of the skin have been burnt showing the tissue underneath.burnt showing the tissue underneath.Language points-1- Phrases (3m)vfirst aidvfall illvelectric shockvsqueeze outUnderline those you think are useful or difficult, then talk about them with your group members.vsense of touchvover and over againvin placevmake differenceLanguage points-2-Sentences (3m)Take clothing off the burned area unless it is stuck to the burn.First aid is the first kind of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.You have three layers of skin that protect you against diseases, poisons and the suns harmful rays.Burns are called first degree, second degree or third degree burns depending on which layers of the skin are burnt.For second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them back in the cold water, squeeze them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again fro about an hour until pain is not so bad.HOMEWORK Surf the Internet to find the first aid how to deal with the animal bites and scratches. Your information will be shared with your peers tomorrow.Unit 5 First aid Discovering useful words and expressions: Answer keys for Exercise 1:Answer keys for Exercise 1:VerbNounAdjectiveinjureinjuryinjuredpoisonpoisonpoisonousburnburnburntswellswellingswollendamagedamagedamagedtreattreatmenttreatablewoundwoundwoundedinfectinfectioninfectedREADING THE WORDS IN THE CHART, STUDENTS DISCUSS WITH THEIR PARTNER AND GIVE THERE ANSWERS.1.What do you notice about some of the verb/noun pairs?2.What do you notice about many of the adjectives?Discovery-I-discover the rules (2m)In some of them the verb is the same as the noun.In some of them the verb is the same as the noun.Many end in ed.Many end in ed. The past participle of a verb is often used as an adjective. The past participle of a verb is often used as an adjective. For example, he showed the doctor his injured leg.For example, he showed the doctor his injured leg.1.first aid2.organ3.causes4.characteristics / symptoms5.serious6.process Answer keys for Exercises 2: Look at Ex.1 and discuss in groups of four. What the difference between sentences A and B. Which sentence is better and why its better. After the discussion, each group choose a student to present their views to the class.Discovery-II (3m)There are lots of repeated words and phrases in There are lots of repeated words and phrases in Sentence A. Sentence B is better than Sentence A Sentence A. Sentence B is better than Sentence A because it doesnt have unnecessary repetition in because it doesnt have unnecessary repetition in it, and it is easier to understand and it sounds it, and it is easier to understand and it sounds much less awkward than Sentence A.much less awkward than Sentence A.1.The burn she got from the iron was red and very painful.2.A boy was in the left side of the sick woman, and a girl on the right.3.She has a daughter in hospital.4.He went to the doctor because he had to.In Ex.2, sentences are all correct but they sound awkward because they have unnecessary words in them. Complete the exercise individually and then check with your partner.5. Did she pass the first aid test she did yesterday or not?6. She could not decide whether to send him to hospital or not.7. When your nose is bleeding, bend forward so the blood runs out of your nose and not down your throat.8. Only some of the students have done a first aid course but most havent.SENTENCES IN EX. 3 ARE ALL CORRECT, BUT SOME WORDS HAVE BEEN LEFT OUT. REWRITE THE SENTENCES TO INCLUDE THE MISSING WORDS AND CHECK THEM WITH YOUR PARTNER.1.The cottage which is surrounded by a wall belongs to the local government.2.The first book that I read this term was more interesting than the second book that I read this term.3.To her teachers surprise, she did better in her first aid exam than she was expected to do.4. I dont think they have returned from the hospital, but they might have returned from the hospital.5. He wanted to help the accident victim but his friend didnt want to help the accident victim.6. You can borrow my first aid notes if you want to borrow my first aid notes.The sentences in the question sound natural whereas the The sentences in the question sound natural whereas the sentences which include all the missing words do not sentences which include all the missing words do not sound natural; they sound awkward.sound natural; they sound awkward.SOMETIMES SENTENCES CAN BE AMBIGUOUS BECAUSE OF ELLIPSIS. DISCUSS THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES IN GROUPS OF FOUR AND FIND OUT THE TWO MEANINGS IN EACH SENTENCE.1.Jack loves nature more than his wife.2.John understood himself better than Peter.3.Max phoned his mother and Oscar did too.4.I relied on you more than Roger.Discussion (5m)1.Jack loves nature more than his wife.2.John understood himself better than Peter.Jack loves nature more than he loves his wife.Jack loves nature more than he loves his wife.Jack loves nature more than his wife loves nature.Jack loves nature more than his wife loves nature.John understood himself better than Peter John understood himself better than Peter understood John.understood John.John understood himself better than Peter John understood himself better than Peter understood himself.understood himself.3. Max phoned his mother and Oscar did too.4. I relied on you more than Roger.Max phoned his mother and Oscar phoned Maxs Max phoned his mother and Oscar phoned Maxs mother too.mother too.Max phoned Maxs mother and Oscar phoned Max phoned Maxs mother and Oscar phoned Oscars mother.Oscars mother.I relied on you more than Roger relied on you.I relied on you more than Roger relied on you.I relied on you more than I relied on Roger.I relied on you more than I relied on Roger.1.The house rent is expensive, Ive got about half the space I had at home and Im paying _ here. A. as three times much B. as much three times C. much as three times D. three times as much高考链接D解析：答案解析：答案D D。修饰比较级的。修饰比较级的three timesthree times只能置于比较结构之前，不能置于其后或只能置于比较结构之前，不能置于其后或其中；本题中比较状语从句部分被省略。其中；本题中比较状语从句部分被省略。2. What would have happened _ , as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther高考链接C解析：答案解析：答案C C。what would have happenedwhat would have happened暗示后面，暗示后面，使用虚拟语气，且与过去事实相反；当使用虚拟语气，且与过去事实相反；当ifif省略时，可省略时，可将将were/had/shouldwere/had/should提前，构成部分倒装；用提前，构成部分倒装；用ifif从句从句表达则是表达则是if Bob had walked farther if Bob had walked farther 题意：如果鲍题意：如果鲍勃走得更远些，走到河岸边会发生什么事呢？勃走得更远些，走到河岸边会发生什么事呢？3. Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained高考链接A解析：答案解析：答案A A。explainexplain作作“解释解释”讲为及讲为及物动词，须接宾语；此处关系代词物动词，须接宾语；此处关系代词thatthat或或whichwhich被省略；被省略；whywhy引导定语从句时，在句引导定语从句时，在句中作状语，相当于中作状语，相当于for whichfor which。4. The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded高考链接A解析：答案解析：答案A A。因。因the discthe disc与与recordrecord之间之间存在逻辑的被动关系，且动作发生在过去，存在逻辑的被动关系，且动作发生在过去，须用过去分词作定语，相当于须用过去分词作定语，相当于which was which was digitally recorded in the studiodigitally recorded in the studio。5. _ be sent to work there? A. Who do you suggest B. Who do you suggest that should C. Do you suggest who should D. Do you suggest whom should高考链接A解析：答案解析：答案A A。本题结构为。本题结构为“疑问句疑问句+ +插入插入语语+ +陈述句陈述句”do you suggestdo you suggest为插入为插入语语,suggest,suggest后宾语从句常用虚拟语气，谓后宾语从句常用虚拟语气，谓语动词的形式语动词的形式“（shouldshould）+ +动词原形动词原形” ” shouldshould可省略。可省略。HOMEWORK Make some sentences with ellipsis.Unit 5 First aid DISCUSS THE FOLLOWING SITUATION IN GROUPS OF FOUR Suppose you hear someone screaming and you find him sitting on the ground, bleeding heavily from deep knife wounds in his hands, what would you do? Will you help him? Will you call the police and ambulance, or whether you perform first aid?Pre-reading-I-discussion (3m)What do you think the article is about by reading this headline?Pre-reading-II-prediction (3m)The story is about a young man who sets us a The story is about a young man who sets us a good example because he could save ones life good example because he could save ones life using his knowledge of first aid.using his knowledge of first aid. When we read newspaper articles, we may only want to get a quick idea of a newspaper article and do not want to know all the details. For this reason, we might just read the headline and the first paragraph. This is because the headline gives readers a clue about the content and the first paragraph gives the most important information.Reading-I-skimming (3m)SKIM THE FIRST PARAGRAPH AND FIND OUT THE ANSWERS TO THE FIVE “W” QUESTIONS. Who?What?When?Where?Why?Reading-I-skimming (3m)John JansonJohn Jansonwas honouredwas honoured at the Lifesaver Awards at the Lifesaver Awardslast nightlast nightin Rivertownin Rivertownfor carrying out lifesaving first aid for carrying out lifesaving first aid on his neighbouron his neighbour after a shocking after a shocking knife attackknife attackREAD THE NEWSPAPER ARTICLE AND THEN PUT THESE EVENTS IN THE ORDER THAT THEY HAPPENED. THEN IN PAIRS, RETELL THE STORY IN YOUR WON WORDS._ The attack ran away._ Anne was attacked and started to scream._ John performed first aid on Anne._ John was studying in his house._ The ambulance arrived._ John ran outside with his father._ John found Anne in her garden with terrible knife wounds.Reading-II-scanning (4m)1234567READ THE ARTICLE CAREFULLY AND FIND OUT THE ANSWERS TO THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS.1.What did John do when he heard the screaming?2.What happened to Anne?3.What saved Ms Slades life?4.What first aid did John perform on Anne?5.What adjectives would you use to describe Johns actions? Give at least three.Reading-III-detailed reading (4m)1.What did John do when he heard the screaming?2.What happened to Anne?3.What saved Ms Slades life?He was studying in his room.He was studying in his room. She had been stabbed repeatedly with a She had been stabbed repeatedly with a knife. She was lying in her front garden knife. She was lying in her front garden bleeding very heavily.bleeding very heavily.It was Johns quick action and knowledge It was Johns quick action and knowledge of the first aid that saved her life.of the first aid that saved her life.3.What first aid did John perform on Anne?4. What adjectives would you use to describe Johns actions? Give at least three.John dressed Ms Slades in juries with tea John dressed Ms Slades in juries with tea towels and applied pressure to the wounds towels and applied pressure to the wounds to slow the bleeding.to slow the bleeding.Brave, heroic, courageous, quick-thinking, Brave, heroic, courageous, quick-thinking, quick-minded, helpful, fearless, unselfish, quick-minded, helpful, fearless, unselfish, confidentconfidentDISCUSS THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN GROUPS OF FOUR. AFTER THE DISCUSSION, EACH GROUP SELECT A SPOKESPERSON TO PRESENT THEIR VIEWS.Discussion (5m)1.Do you think John was sill or brave to get involved in the situation? Give reasons.2.Would you think it is worthwhile to take a course in first aid? Give reasons.3.What if the attacker had still been at the scene of the stabbing?4.What if the attacker had gone but had been returned to the woman?5.What if the woman had AIDS?6.What if John had performed first aid on the woman but she died anyway? How would he feel about having tried to help her?HOMEWORK Surf the Internet to find more information about first aid in following situation: bleeding, choking, drowning.Unit 5 First aid DISCUSS IN GROUPS OF FOUR AND GIVE YOUR OWN INFORMATION.Have you ever had to phone an emergency number?Do you know what telephone number you would call in a medical emergency?What telephone number you would call in a fire emergency?What telephone number you would call in a police emergency?Pre-listening-discussion (5m)LISTEN TO THE TAPE AND COMPLETE THE TABLE.Listening-I (5m)Name of callerSarah GrantTelephone numberAddressWhat has happenedNumber of people involved6161948612 Loft Street, East HortonMrs. Grants daughter fell from a table and maybe has broken her leg. She hit her head and is unconscious.One (Mrs. Grants daughter)LISTEN TO THE TAPE AGAIN AND ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS. YOU MAY DISCUSS WITH YOUR GROUP MEMBERS.1.Do you think that Mrs. Grant should have rung the emergency number or should she have just taken her daughter to the doctor? Give reasons for your answer.2.How do you think Mrs. Grant was feeling when she made the phone call?3.Why do you think the operator was speaking so slowly and calmly?4.What would have happened if Mrs. Grant had hung up the first time she said goodbye?5.What would have been a safer way for Mrs. Grants daughter to reach the cupboard?Listening-II (5m)1.Do you think that Mrs. Grant should have rung the emergency number or should she have just taken her daughter to the doctor? Give reasons for your answer. In this situation, the best thing to do was to ring In this situation, the best thing to do was to ring the emergency number. The daughters leg would have the emergency number. The daughters leg would have been very painful and become worse if the mother had been very painful and become worse if the mother had tried to move her. Also, the daughter was unconscious tried to move her. Also, the daughter was unconscious and you shouldnt move an unconscious person.and you shouldnt move an unconscious person.2. How do you think
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