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第12讲主谓一致用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Everyone _ (have) their own ideas.2.Not only the players but also the coach _ (be) playingfootball now.hasiswerecomeare3.There _ (be) two cats and a dog in the houseyesterday.But they are missing today.4.Paul and Tom _ (come) from the same school.5.There _ (be) a number of people swimming in thelake at present.6.Three million _ (be) a large number.You can makeit smaller.isgoesareisis7.Everybody except Mike and Linda _ (go) to schoolby bus every day.8.Neither the headmaster nor the teachers _ (be)going to take a vacation next week.9.The number of the volunteers _ (be) 100 now.10.Either noodles or rice _ (be) OK.I dont mind.考情透析：在广东省中考英语试卷中，主谓一致考查的内容主要是其基本用法，包括语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近原则。常考形式有 there be 句型，either.or.，neither.nor.，not only.but also.等句型结构。要注意正确区分主语的词性和单复数、修饰语等，主语确定，谓语才能确定。主谓一致主要掌握它的三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。语法一致原则语法一致是指主语和谓语动词通常在语法形式上取得一致，即：主语是单数形式时，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语是复数形式时，谓语动词也用复数形式。其用法如下表：情况例句主语是不可数名词、单数名词(代词)时，谓语动词用单数形式；主语是复数名词(代词)时，谓语动词用复数形式He exercises every day.他每天做运动。They exercise every day.他们每天做运动。and 或 both.and.连接名词或代词做主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式Jerry and he are students.杰瑞和他都是学生。当主语后面跟有 with, without, togetherwith, along with, except, besides, but, aswell as, like, including 等介词短语做插入语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致(即“就远原则”)Susan with her family workson the farm.苏珊和她的家人在农场里干活。情况例句动词不定式、动名词或从句做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式To be a pilot is his dream.成为一名飞行员是他的梦想。由不定代词 either, neither, each, one,everyone, someone, anyone, no one,somebody, anybody, everybody,something, anything, nothing,everything 等做主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式Everybody is here.所有人都到齐了。Someone is waiting for you.有人正在等你。在定语从句中，关系代词 who, that,which 等做主语时，其谓语动词的形式应与先行词保持一致The boys who are playingbasketball there are mystudents.在那儿打篮球的那些男孩都是我的学生。(续表)情况例句常以复数形式出现的名词(如 shoes,pants, clothes 等)做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，但当这些名词前有 pair,kind, set 等量词修饰时，则根据量词的单复数来确定谓语动词的单复数形式The shoes are under the bed.鞋子在床下。A pair of shoes is under thebed.床下面有一双鞋。“one of可数名词复数”做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；“a number of可数名词复数”表示“许多”，做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of可数名词复数”表示“的数量”，做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式One of the boys is interested inthe story.其中一个男孩子对这个故事感兴趣。A number of birds are on theisland.岛上有大量的鸟儿。The number of the cups is 10.杯子的数量是 10 个。(续表)情况例句“many a/more than one单数名词”做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式More than one student is fondof playing computer games.不止一个学生喜欢玩电脑游戏。“分数、百分比及 some, half of, partof, lots of, the rest of, plenty of 等名词”做主语时，谓语动词与名词的数保持一致Three fifths of the forest wasdestroyed.五分之三的森林被毁坏了。70% of the students are atives.70%的学生是本地人。and 连接的名词被 each, every 或 no 修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式Each boy and each girl is givenan apple now.现在每个男孩和女孩都得到了一个苹果。(续表)意义一致原则意义一致又叫概念一致，是指谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式取决于主语所表达的概念。其用法如下表：情况例句news以及科目名称maths, physics, politics等名词，本身并不表示复数意义，做主语时谓语动词用单数形式I think physics is an interesting subject.我认为物理是一门有趣的学科。表示时间、长度、距离、价格、金 钱、重量等的名词复数形式做主语 时，常表示一个整体概念，谓语动词通常用单数形式200 miles is a long way to go.200英里是很长的一段路。Twenty years is a long time.二十年是一段很长的时间。情况例句集体名词如 family, class, group, team等做主语，表示整体时谓语动词用单数形式，表示集体中的具体成员时谓语动词用复数形式The class wins the prize.这个班获得了奖项。The class are all carefullyreading the book.全班学生都在仔细地读这本书。集体名词如 people (people 指“民族”时除外), police, cattle 等，形式上是单数但意义上是复数，做主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式The police are running after athief.警察们正在追赶一个小偷。(续表)情况例句“the形容词(表示一类人)”和“the姓氏的复数形式(表示夫妇或一家人)”做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式The old think the young arehappier than them.老人们认为年轻人比他们幸福。and 连接的两个名词指同一个人或物(and 后面无限定词)时，谓语动词用单数形式The writer and singer wasinvited to the party.那位作家兼歌手应邀参加派对。(指同一人)each 做主语的同位语时，谓语动词形式由主语来决定，与 each 无关They each have a bike.他们每人有一辆自行车。(续表)情况例句普通不定代词(如 some, all, none, any等)做主语时，若表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式；若表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式Some of the work was done byme.一些工作是由我来做的。Some of the students work hard.一些学生学习很努力。算式在加法、乘法时，谓语动词用单数形式或复数形式均可；但在减法和除法中，谓语动词只能用单数形式One and five is/are six.一加五等于六。Nine minus three is six.九减三等于六。书名、报纸名、国家等复数名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式The United States is a developedcountry.美国是一个发达国家。“one and a half复数名词”做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式One and a half months areenough for us.对我们而言，一个半月的时间足够了。(续表)就近原则就近原则是指谓语动词的形式与主语并不一致，却与离它最近的名词保持一致。1.在 there be 句型和以 here 开头的句子中，谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致。如：There is a river and two big trees there.那边有一条河和两棵大树。Here is Jim and his parents.这是吉姆和他的父母。2.either.or.,neither.nor.,notonly.butalso.,or,not.but.等结构连接并列主语时，谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致。如：Either you or he has to stay at home this afternoon. 今天下午要么你要么他得待在家里。1._ there any living things on other planets?I have no idea.Maybe we can know more about that in thefuture.(2015 年广东)A.IsB.AreC.HasD.Have点拨选B考查主谓一致的语法一致原则。 句意：“其他星球上有生物吗？”“我不知道。也许在将来我们会知道更多。”问句为 there be 句型的疑问句，排除C、D 两项。things为复数，所以谓语动词要用复数。故选 B。2.Do you need more time to complete the task?Yes.Another ten days _ enough.(2014 年广东)A.isB.wasC.areD.were点拨选A考查主谓一致的意义一致原则。表示时间的名词复数形式做主语时，常表示一个整体概念，谓语动词通常用单数，且语境为现在时。故选 A。3.There _ many small things we can do to make theworld a better place.(2014 年佛山)A.areB.isC.have点拨选A考查主谓一致的就近原则。there be 句型中的be 动词遵循“就近原则”。things 为复数，故选A。4.Which would you like, tea or coffee?Either _ OK, but I prefer coffee _ milk.(2014 年梅州)A.is; hasC.is; with点拨选CB.are; withD.are; has考查主谓一致的语法一致原则和介词。either做主语，谓语动词用单数，排除 B、D 两项；又第二空所在的句子中已经有了谓语动词，故不用 has，排除 A 项。故选C。5.Not only my friends but also I _ interested infootball and Messi is our favorite star.(2013 年广东)A.beB.amC.isD.are点拨选B考查主谓一致的就近原则。not only.but also.连接并列主语时谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。故选B。6.Parents around the world _ worried about childrenplaying too many video games.(2013 年佛山)A.isB.wasC.are点拨选C考查主谓一致的语法一致原则。该句的主语是parents，为复数，谓语动词用表示复数的 are。故选 C。7.The child without parents _ good care of by histeachers in this special school.(2013 年梅州)A.is takenC.take点拨选AB.are takenD.takes考查主谓一致的语法一致原则。根据题意可知，需要用被动语态。故排除C、D 两项。without 引导的是主语的伴随状语，谓语动词的单复数取决于 without 前面的主语。故选 A。8.Both Li Lei and Han Meimei _ fond of the TVprogram A Bite of China.I am also deeply moved by its stories！(2012 年广东)A.isB.amC.wasD.are点拨选 D考查主谓一致的语法一致原则。both.and 连接并列的主语，谓语动词用复数形式。故选 D。
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