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现在分词学习要素现在分词学习要素 现在分词主要起形容词与副词的作用，在句中可作定语、状语、表语、补足语等。很多同学反映现在分词难学，请大家注意下列几点： 南昌十九中 宋焘一、了解现在分词的基本特点一、了解现在分词的基本特点 现在分词有两个最基本的特点： （一）在时间上表动作正在进行。如： a developing country发展中国家，rising sun冉冉升起的太阳。 （二）在语态上表主动。如： the ruling class统治阶级，the exploiting class剥削阶级。 二、掌握现在分词的基本功能二、掌握现在分词的基本功能 （一）现在分词作表语 说明主语的性质和特点。如： 1The film is interesting这场电影有趣。 析：interesting说明电影的性质和特点是“令人感兴趣”。 2The news is surprising这个消息令人惊讶。 析：surprising说明消息的性质和特点是“令人惊讶的”。 （二）现在分词作定语 现在分词作定语，表正在进行的动作或主动的动作，也可说明被修饰词的性质和特点。如： 1There was a noise _ the sudden burst of light Afollowed Bfollowing Cto be followed Dbeing followed 析：选B。该句表示有一阵噪音正随着光的突然闪动而出现，所以应用现在分词表动作正在进行，并表示噪音主动伴着光的突然闪动而出现。following可转换成定语从句“which was following”。 2He saw a _ bird Afly Bflying Cflew Dto be flying 析：选B。表示“他看见一只正在飞的鸟”，所以应用现在分词作定语，表示鸟正在主动飞行。a flying bird可转换成定语从句“a bird which was flying”。 3I was satisfied with the _ speech Aexcite Bexciting Cexcited Dbe excited 析：选B。“令人兴奋的”正是他演讲的性质和特点，所以应用现在分词作定语。the exciting speech可转换成定语从句“the speech thatwhich was exciting”。 （三）现在分词作状语 现在分词的状语功能很多，可作时间状语、条件状语、结果状语、原因状语和伴随状语等，表示主动或正在进行的动作。此时分词的逻辑主语通常是主句的主语，因此应注意人称、时态和语态的一致性。 1European football is played in 80 countries，_ it the most popular sport in the world（NMET98） Amaking Bmakes Cmade Dto make 析：选A。该句表示“欧式足球运动在 80个国家开展，其结果是它使欧式足球成为世界上最受欢迎的体育运动”，显然应用现在分词作结果状语。 （四）现在分词作补足语 现在分词可作补足语，表示正在进行的或主动的动作，通常用在一些固定搭配中。如： 1Soon they could see steam _ from the wet clothes Arise Brising Crisen Dbe rising 析：选B。该句表示“很快他们看见蒸气正从湿衣服上升起”，所以应用现在分词作宾语补足语，表动作正在进行。 2The missing boys were last seen _ near the river（NMET94） Aplaying Bto be playing Cplay Dto play 析：选A。“失踪的男孩们最后一次被看到时正在河边玩耍”，所以应用现在分词作主语补足语。 三、掌握现在分词的独立主格结构三、掌握现在分词的独立主格结构 现在分词的独立主格结构实际上是指带逻辑主语的现在分词结构，该结构在句中可作时间状语、条件状语、原因状语、伴随状语等，其逻辑主语前边也可加上with，其中现在分词仍表正在进行的动作或主动的动作。如： 1The baby fell from the cradle，blood _ down from his face Acome Bcoming Cto come Dto be coming 析：选B。“血正从他的脸上流下来”，用现在分词的独立主格结构作状语。 2With his lips still _ ，he couldnt say a word Atrembling Btremble Cto tremble Dto be trembling 析：选A。他说不出话是因为“他的嘴唇仍在颤抖”，用现在分词的独立主格结构作原因状语，表动作正在进行。 1. the house on fire, he dialed 119.A.To see B.Seeing C.Having seen D.Being seen 2.I fell down and broke three of my teeth. I wonder how many times I have to come here and get my false teeth . A.fix B.fixing C.fixed D.to fix 3.Were to listen to her voice. Its to hear her sing.A.pleased; pleasing; pleasure B.pleased; pleasant; a pleasureC.pleasing; pleased; a pleasure D.pleasing; pleasant; pleasure 4. a post office, I stopped some stamps.A. Passed, buying B. Passing, to buyC. Having passed, buyD. Pass, to buy 5. with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all. A. ComparingB. To compare C. Compared D. Having compared 6.Here are some new computer programs for home buildings. A.designing B.design C.designed D.to design 7. a little money, Jimmy was able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp A.To save B.Saving C.Saved D.Having saved 8.The teacher came into the classroom by his students.A.followingB.to be following C.followed D.having followed. 9.With the money , he couldnt buy any ticket.A.to lose B.losing C.lost D.has lost 10.There was so much noise in the room that the speaker couldnt make himself .A.being heard B.hearing C.heard D.hear 11.The result of the test was rather . A.disappointed B.disappointing C.being disappointed D.disappoint 12.Ive never heard the word in spoken English.A.use B.used C.using D.useing
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