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Lesson one A private conversation 私人谈话 【NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS】生词和短语private adj.私人的 its my private letter/house ；private school:私立学校public：公众的，公开的public school ； public letter 公开信 ；public place :公共场所privacy：隐私 its a privacy. adj.Private Ryan private soldier：大兵private citizen 普通公民 private life：私生活conversation n.谈话subject of conversation：话题talk.可以正式，也可以私人的conversation. 比较正式一些lets have a talkThey are having a conversation.conversation 用的时候比talk正式，意思上往往不非常正式.talk： 可正式可不正式dialogue：对话China and Korea are having a dialogue. 正式chat: 闲聊 gossip:嚼舌头have a + talk/chat/dialogue/conversation/gossip 名词变动词theatre n.剧场，戏剧cinema: 电影院seat n.座位 have a good seat(place)take a seat : 座下来，就座take your seat/take a seatIs the seat taken? 这个座位有人吗？no/yessit sit down ,pleaseseat take your seat,pleasebe seated,please 更为礼貌seat是及物动词，后面有宾语sit是不及物动词，后面不加宾语seat后面会加人; seat sb; seat him; seat:让某人就座sit he is sitting there.you seat him;语法精粹4.When all those present(到场者)_D_ he began his lecture.(重点题)A.sit B.set C.seated D.were seaedsit,sit down; seat,be seated;take a seatplay n.戏loudly adv. 大声的angry adj. 生气的cross=angry ; I was angry.He was cross.annoyed: 恼火的; I was annoyed. I was angry/cross.I was very angry.be blue in the face; I am blue in the face.angrily adv. 生气的 副词修饰动词attention n. 注意Attention ,please. 请注意pay attention :注意pay attention to : 对什么注意You must pay attention to that gril.pay a little attention :稍加注意pay much attention :多加注意pay more attention :更多注意pay no attention :不用注意bear(bore,borne) v. 容忍bear,standI cant bear/stand youendure :忍受,容忍put up with :忍受I got divorced.I could not put up with himbear/stand/endure忍受的极限在加大put up with=bear=standbear n.熊 white bearbear hog :热情(热烈)的拥抱give sb a bear hugbusiness n. 事business man :生意人do business: 做生意go to some place on business:因公出差I went to Tianjin on business.thing 可以指事情,也可以指东西Its my business 私人事情its none of your businessrudely adv. 无礼地，粗鲁地rude adj.【TEXT】 Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. I cant hear a word! I said angrily. Its none of your business, the young man said rudely. This is a private conversation!参考译文 上星期我去看戏。我的座位很好，戏很有意思，但我却无法欣赏。一青年男子与一青年女子坐在我的身后，大声地说着话。我非常生气，因为我听不见演员在说什么。我回过头去怒视着那一男一女，他们却毫不理会。最后，我忍不住了，又一次回过头去，生气地说：“我一个字也听不见了！” “不关你的事，”那男的毫不客气地说，“这是私人间的谈话！”【课文讲解】Last weekgo to the theatresee a film,go to the cinemago to the +地点 表示去某地干嘛go to the doctors 去看病go to the dairy 去牛奶店go to the + 人 + s 表示去这个人开的店go to the butchers 买肉go to school: 去上学go to church: 去做礼拜go to hospital(医院):去看病go to the Great Wallgo home; 跟home相连一定表示没有事情可做,回家休息I am at homeenjoy, enjoy oneself:玩的开心enjoy+sth :喜欢,从当中得到一种享受I like something very much./I love something.I enjoy the class.I enjoy the music.I enjoy the book.enjoy the dinner/film/progeam/gamewere sitting :当时正座在过去进行时态 :过去的某个时间正在发生的动作一个故事的背景往往用进行时态描述I+be+v(ing)The girl was reading a book in the garden.A boy came to her.got :变得,表示一种变化,got angryI am/was angry 是一个事实I got angry:强调变化过程It is hot.It got hot.got取代be动词,got是一个半联系动词,可以直接加形容词说话的时候喜欢用缩略.Im not,he isnt,they arent写的时候会说:I am not,he is not,they are notI didnt do sth,I did not do sthhear:听见hear+人:听见某人的话I could not hear you.Beg your pardon?I couldnt hear you./I couldnt hear a word./I couldnt catch your word.I couldnt hear you clearly./I couldnt catch your words.Beg your pardon? /I couldnt catch your words.turn round:转头pay any attention表示注意,pay attention; 对什么加以注意,pay attention to sthnot any=noI could not bear it./you./the noise.I cant hear a word.美音:肯定 .I can,否定,I cant,只能根据上下文来定hear a word, a word 等于一句话He didnt say a word.May I speak to Jim?/May I have a word with Jim?Its none of your business./None of your business/Its my business.I couldnt bear you.This is private conversation!private :私人的,不想与别人共享I cant hear a word.hear a word of sb (actors)Key stuctures : 关键句型Summary writing : 摘要写作answer this questions in not more than 55 words.写作当中的第一步从完整句子开始写起【KEY STUCTURES】 关键句型Word order in simple statements: 简单陈述句的语序陈述句一定是有主语,有动词,有宾语,有句号看教材第2页 6 1 2 3 4 5 6when? Who? Action Who? How? Where? When? Which? Which? What? What? Last week 1 -主语一般有名词或代词构成2 -谓语由动词充当3 -宾语4 -副词或介词短语,对方式或状态提问,往往做状语 I like her very much5 -地点状语6 -时间状语可以放在句首或句末 I like the girl very much in Beijing last year.简单陈述句一定不能少的是主语6. Immediately left he.He left immediately.13. The little boy; an apple; this morning; ate greedily; in the Kitchen.The little boy ate an apple greedily in the Kitchen this morning.4 Game; played; yesterday; in their room; the children; quietlyThe children played games quietly in their room yesterday.主语动词宾语状语状语: 放在最前面是副词,方式状语,表示状态/程度的状语,下面是地点,然后是时间1.主语和动词不能少2.如果时间和地点连在一起,先放地点,再放时间如果问何时何地,是一个固定搭配 when and where【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题Comprehension 理解Strucures 句型Vocabulary 词汇(1).b.They did not pay any attentionpay attention: 注意(在思想上)notice: 注意(=see 眼睛看)(4).sitting behindbehind: 在.后面in front of :在.前面 (相对静止的概念)before : 在.前面 (+词、句子、一定和时间相连)above: 在.上面ahead of: 在.前面 (+时间、位置)(动态的行为)He arrived before six oclock.Before he came backAhead of timeHe goes ahead of me.(5) .c.how 对一个方式、状态提问特殊疑问词对后面的答案提问angry(adj)how(adv.)对形容词、副词、介词短语提问where 用介词,地点when 用介词,时间why 用because回答(7) .d.any用在否定句和疑问句中some用在肯定句中none没有任何东西、没有任何人 None knows./None of us knows.not any=nonot否定词,要放在非实义动词后面He didnt pay attentionno形容词、修饰名词I dont have any friends./I have no friends.I have no time./I dont have any time.(11).suffer:遭受,忍受 (精神或肉体上)+痛苦bear: 忍受=standI suffer the headache.He often suffers defeat. Lesson two Breakfast or lunch? 【NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS】until prep.直到直到.才; 直到.为止后面加(时间状语)从句,前面就是主句1) His father didnt die until he came back. (肯定)直到他回来,他爸爸才死。2) His father was alive until he came back. (否定)直到他回来为止,他爸爸都是活着的。到他回来这一点之前,没死 : not die; 活的 : 不加not.把until作为时间终止线从句的时间终点之前,这个动作做了还是没做?做了肯定;没做否定.For he _A(C)_(wait) until it stopped raining. A. waited B.didnt waitA.leave B.left C.didnt leaveI stay in bed until twelve oclock.I didnt get up until 12 oclock.outside adv. 外面作状语He is waiting for me outside.It is cold outsid.ring(rang.rung) v.(铃、电话等)响 (刺耳的)The telephone(door bell) is ringing.jingle(bell): (铃儿) 响叮当给某人打电话 : ring sb.Tomorrow Ill ring you.打电话(名) : give sb. a ringremmember to ring me/reember to give me a ring戒指(名词)aunt n.姑,姨,婶,舅妈uncle: 叔叔 cousin: 堂兄妹nephew: 外甥niece: 外甥女repeat v.重复【TEXT】It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. Last Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside. What a day! I thought. Its raining again. Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy. Ive just arrived by train, she said. Im coming to see you. But Im still having breakfast, I said. What are you doing? she asked. Im having breakfast, I repeated. Dear me, she said. Do you always get up so late? Its one oclock!New words and expressions 生词和短语until prep. 直到outside adv. 外面ring v. （铃、电话等）响aunt n. 姑，姨，婶，舅母repeat v. 重复参考译文 那是个星期天，而在星期天我是从来不早起的，有时我要一直躺到吃午饭的时候。上个星期天，我起得很晚。我望望窗外，外面一片昏暗。“鬼天气！”我想，“又下雨了。”正在这时，电话铃响了。是我姑母露西打来的。“我刚下火车，”她说，“我这就来看你。” “但我还在吃早饭，”我说。 “你在干什么？”她问道。 “我正在吃早饭，”我又说了一遍。 “天啊，”她说，“你总是起得这么晚吗？现在已经1点钟了！”【课文讲解】On Sundays: 所有的星期天,每逢星期天never: 从来不 (可以直接用在动词前面)=not (变成否定句,前面一定要加助动词)I dont like her.=I never like her.因为是上个星期,所以时态不是一般现在时。look out of :朝窗外看从.里:from,out ofdark: 天很黑What a day?What + a + n.感叹句It is terrible day.= What a terrible day!hataan (+a.)(主语谓语）What a terrible day!what a good girl (she is)!What a day!有上下文和一定的语境，才能省略形容词。just then: 就在那时如果不知道对方性别，可以用it取代Who are you?/Who is it ?just只会出现在现在完成时by trainby 直接加交通工具（不能有任何修饰词，复数）I go out by bus/on two buses.如果加修饰词，就要换掉byIm coming to see you. 我将要来看你。用 come 的现在进行时态 be coming 表示一般将来go,come leave,arrive,land,meet,die,start,return,join.Dear me:天哪My god!My dear!【Key structures】关键句型Now,often and Always 表示现在和经常发生的动作Now现在进行时（说话的当时正在发生，现阶段正在发生）Often ad Always一般现在时现阶段I am working as a teacher.I do./he does.I get up.一般现在时，是一种习惯，真理，是过去，现在和未来都会发生的事情。现在还在睡觉He is still sleeping.频率副词往往放在句子中间，实义动词前，非实义动词后非实义动词：1.系动词（be) 2.助动词帮助动词构成时态的(do,does,will,shall,have,had,has) 3.情态动词：（must,can,may)p4 Exercises1.are playing; always play; is kickingnow; is running2.are you doing; am leaving; (用进行时态表达将来时:go,come.leave,arrivejoin,return,die,land,meet)别人用什么时态，你就用什么时态are you leavingcomego(I go to bed hungry.形容词做状语）(rarely 很少）listendoesnt workfeel 【Special Difficulties】 难点What+a/an+a.+n.+主语+谓语What 对名词感叹3.He is causing a lot of trouble名词:trouble主语:he动词:is causingWhat (a lot of) trouble( he is causing)!【Multiple choice questions】5.not early late(adj./adv.) lately(adv.)=recently(how are you going lately?) A8.A look(vi.):表示看的动作；后面一定要加介词see(vt.) : 表示看的结果；后面直接加宾语 watch : 表示观看; 后面直接加宾语，但宾语一定是能够活动的东西11.D lunch :中餐 food :食物 dinner:正餐 meal :一顿饭频率副词,放在实义动词前，非实义动词后;如果即有实义动词又有非实义动词要放在两个之间疑问句中副词往往放在主语的后面 Lesson three Please Send Me a Card 【NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS】send v. 寄，送send sth.to sb./send sb.sthgive sb.sth./give sth.to sb.send/take children to schooltake: 某人亲自送send: 通过第三人去送postcard n. 明信片send him a cardnamecard/visiting card : 名片Here is my namecard.ID card:身份证credit card:信用卡cash cardspoil(spoiled or spoilt) v. 使索然无味，损坏break: 打破spoil: 把东西的质量变得不好；生活中不顺心的事;宠坏，溺爱His parents spoiled the boy. 宠坏This spoiled my day.What you said spoiled me.His arrival spoiled my hoilday.damage: 破坏，程度不一定很重destroy：破坏，彻底摧毁museum n. 博物馆Palace Museum:故宫public adj. 公共的privatepublic shool/place/house(pub:酒吧)in private: 私下里的in public: 公开的Why not have a conversation in public?friendly adj. 友好的lovely adj.waiter n. 服务员，招待员waiterwaitresschief waitershop assistantattendantlend v. 借给borrow fromlend sth.to sblend sb.sth.decision n. 决定v. decidemake a big/great dicisionwhole adj. 整个的all the.the whole.single adj. 唯一的，单一的double【Text】 Postcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. Everyday I thought about postcards. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!参考译文 明信片总搅得我假日不得安宁。去年夏天，我去了意大利。我参观了博物馆，还去了公园。一位好客的服务员教了我几句意大利语，之后还借给我一本书。我读了几行，但一个字也不懂。我每天都想着明信片的事。假期过得真快，可我还没有给我的朋友们寄过一张明信片。到了最后一天，我作出了一项重大决定。我早早起了床，买来了37张明信片。我在房间里关了整整一天。然而竟连一张明信片也没写成！【课文讲解】The baby spoilded my night.Italian/Italyand 先后往往是对等的概念teach sb.sth.a little ItalianI can speak a little English/a few words of Englishthink about: 考虑，思考think over : 仔细考虑last:表示上一个或最后一个，表示最后一个时要加冠词theI spend the whole day in my room.spend+时间+地点I spend three hours in the sea.I spend my weekend at my mothers.I spend three hours in the classroom everyday.I spend a lot of time in traffic jam.reviewspoilsend/lend/teach sb.sth.send/lend/teach sth. to sb【Special Difficulties】双宾语：直接宾语（表示动作结果）和间接宾语（动作目标）give sb.sth.sb: 间接宾语sth: 直接宾语间接宾语在后面时，其前必须加to(对而言）或for（为而做）give a book to me. I buy a book for youtake flowers to my wife.order soup for you.可以翻译为给、替、为的，就用for; 如果只能翻译为给的，就用to与for相连的 buy,order,make,findfind sth.for sb.do sb.a favor 帮某人一个忙Do me a favor please./Do a favor for me. Exercise1.He paid some money to the shop-keeper.3.The writer brought the man a bottle of beer.What do you think of?What do you think of the weather today?cold,chilly,freeze, Ill freeze.What do you think of TV program last night?send somebody somethingsend something to somebodygive, take, pass, read, sell, buyfind something for somebodymake buy Do a favor for me.Can I order something for you?【Multiple choice questions】找特殊疑问词的时候一定要根据答案来决定who whom人做主语提问who 对宾语提问whom如果对主语提问，则句子的的语序和陈述句语序一样如果对非主语来提问，则句子要使用特殊疑问词一般疑问句的语序A 正确Who/Whom did the waiter teach a few words of Italian?5. He spoke to the writer like a friend.in.way :以.方式D正确friendly单独用，形容词，一般做定语来用作为状语表示这个人做什么事情很友好，用短语in a friendly way7.whole all the day; all of usC正确all of 后面如果加代词，代词前面不需要修修饰词一旦要加名词，前面一定要加theall of the friends all of the students10.the last day, final形容词 end名词动词bottom名词形容词修饰daylatest:最新的latest news latest style11.think about:考虑、思考、想make up ones mind:下定决心change ones mind:改变主意make a wish: 愿望B正确【KEY STRUCTURES】dies 有具体的过去时间一定是具体的过去式一般现在时bought kept Lesson 4 An exciting trip 激动人心的旅行 【NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS】 生词和短语exciting adj. 令人兴奋的excite:激动excited:-ed: 自己感到-ing:令人感到exciting boyinteresting manThe man is interesting.The news exciting,I am excited其宾语一定是人The news excited me.让后面的人感到interesting:令人感到有趣的interested: 感到有意思的The book interests me.receive v. 接受，收到accept：同意接收receive:客观的收到This morning I received a bunch of flowers from a boy,but I didnt acceptit.take take the exam：接收考试； take advice接收建议receive/havereceive/have a letter from somebody.firm n. 商行，公司companydifferent adj. 不同的centre n. 中心abroad adv. 在国外副词，直接和动词连用go aroadlive abroadstudy abroad【Text】I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is fending this trip very exciting.参考译文 我刚刚收到弟弟蒂姆的来信，他正在澳大利亚。他在那儿已经住了6个月了。蒂姆是个工程师，正在一家大公司工作，并且已经去过澳大利亚的不少地方了。他刚买了一辆澳大利亚小汽车，现在去了澳大利亚中部的小镇艾利斯斯普林斯。他不久还将到达达尔文去，从那里，他再飞往珀斯。我弟弟以前从未出过国，因此，他觉得这次旅行非常激动人心。【课文讲解】读音语调要顿拙一些received a letter from just和完成时连用months one month two monthsIhave arrived in Beijing. has beenHe has been in Beijing for one year.has been + in 地点He has been in America for tow years.连读work for work in 强调地点work for强调workI am working for a school.I am working in the New Oriental school.a great number of :a lot ofa great number of 后面一定要加可数名词复数a lot of 可加可数名词也可加不可数名词i have a lot of friendsI have a great number of friends.has gone to :去了某地没回来has been to :曾经去过某地，现在不在那个地方Have you been to Paris?soon:很快（时间）from there:从那地方起from 即可以加时间又可以加地点from half past 8 to half past 11from Beijing to Tianjingfly to Perth: go to Perth by airbefore副词，在此之前现在完成时态的标志find trip excitingfind +宾语+形容词做宾补find the room cleanfind her happyis finding Im finding.语法精粹下面表示状态、感觉、情绪、精神活动的动词不可用于进行时believe;doubt see hear know understand belong thinkconsider feel look seem show mind have sound taste require possess care like hate love detest desirearrive不能和断时间连用用进行时态表示将来时态的：go come leave arrive第3课关键句型：一般过去式第4课关键句型：现在完成式第5课：一般过去式和现在完成式的相同点，不同点，用的时候要注意什么下面几个词一出现就标志着完成式：just before alreadyreceive take他到某地有多久了。He has been.I have been here for three years.find:发现，找到find the book dirtyfind+n.+a.【Multiple choice questions】(3).at.表示位置be at.(典型表示位置的介词短语）go to.只要有to这个感念，它的后面一定要有宾语，go to the theatergo in.(in 做副词）很小加宾语He went in.go into.有去向的动作，还有进入的动作go into the roommove:搬家move in:搬进来move to the new house:正在搬move into :搬进去了(4).how long.对段时间提问，跟现在完成时相连have+动词的过去分词Lesson No wrong numbers 无错号之虞 【NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS】 生词和短语pigeon n. 鸽子Its not my pigeon. 这不是我的过错None of my busness.message n. 信息information.不可数leave sb. a message:给.留便条Ill leave you a message.take a message for sb:替.捎口信Can I take a message for you?Can you take a message for me?cover v. 越过cover:覆盖cover+距离：越过cover the distancedistance n. 距离distant:(a)远距离的importance:(n.)重要important:(a.)重要的different:(a.) 不同的 difference：（n.)不同keep distance:保持距离request n. 要求，请求request for: 对.有请求，有需求I have a request for the cake.request sb.to do sth.要求某人做ask sb.to do sth.require sb.to do sth.you are required/asked to do.spare part 备件service n. 业务，服务serve:(v.) 服务，接待service:(n.)服务，业务I am glad to be at your service. 我很乐意为您效劳Thank you.You are welcome./Not at all./Thats (all)right./(Its) My pleasure./Thats ok.Thank you for your listening.No thanks.【Text】Mr.James Scott has a garage in Silbury and now he has just bought another garage in Pinhurst. Pinhurst is only five miles from Silbury, but Mr. Scott cannot get a telephone for his new garage, so he has just bought twelve pigeons. Yesterday, a pigeon carried the first message from Pinhurst to Silbury. The bird covered the distance in three minutes. Up to now, Mr.Scott has sent a great many requests for spare parts and other urgent messages from one garage to the other. In this way, he has begun his own private telephone service.参考译文 詹姆斯.斯科特先生在锡尔伯里有一个汽车修理部，现在他刚在平赫斯特买了另一个汽车修理部。平赫特离锡尔伯里只有5英里，但詹姆斯.斯科特先生未能为他新的汽车修理部搞到一部电话机，所以他买了只鸽子。昨天，一只鸽子把第一封信从平赫特带到锡尔伯里。这只鸟只用了3分钟就飞完了全程。到目前为止，斯科特先生从一个汽车修理部向另一个发送了大量索取备件的信件和其他紧急函件。就这样，他开始自己的私人“电话”业务。【课文讲解】garage:车库，车行another:其它的很多个中的一个other: 其它的the other:Pinhurst is five miles (away) from Silbury.Bus stop is only one mile from school/here.Bus stop is only one mile (away).-How for.? 多远How far(away) is the bus stop?How far is your home(from here)?My home is ten miles away from here.get a telephone:得到电话，安装电话for:为了just.完成时态from.to.:从一个地点的另外一个地点carry:带着，携带I take my sister to the cinema.I carried my son.I carry the bag.cover the distance:飞过那段距离up to now:到现在为止(现在完成时)request for:对.的需求a great many:许多（可数名词复数）a great number of：许多（可数名词复数）.request and .message(并列)other:其它的urgent:紧急的sth.urgent:紧急的事情another:其它中的一个（单数名词）the other:两个之中的另外一个one.the otherother:(a.)+n. 其它的Some boys are playing football.and others are rowing/going boat.One is watering the flowers,and the other is reading.Can you show me another?【Special Difficulties】in this way:这样,
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