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1How difficult do_you_think it is to adjust to the customs of another country？(教材P37)你认为适应另外一个国家的习俗有多难？句中do you think作插入语，意为“你认为”，常置于句中。句首以特殊疑问词开头，句子用陈述语序，构成“特殊疑问词do you think陈述语序”结构。How do you think the test went?你认为那次测试怎么样？Who do you suppose we saw at the restaurant?你猜我们在餐馆遇到了谁？与think用法相似的词还有believe，expect，imagine，suppose，guess，hope等。What do you imagine we should do next?你能想象接下来我们该做什么呢？Where do you hope you can have a holiday?你希望能去哪里度假？完成句子你猜他在等谁？Who do you guess _？你认为体育运动如此受欢迎的原因是什么？_ sport is so popular?【答案】he is waiting forWhy do you think2keep it up保持优秀成绩；继续干下去KEEP IT UP，XIE LEI(教材P38)谢蕾，再接再厉They are tired, but they keep it up with remarkable enthusiasm.他们疲倦了，但他们还是情绪高昂地坚持着干下去。The job is too boring.I dont think I can keep it up any longer.这份工作太没意思了。我认为我不能继续干下去了。keep off 不接近，避开keep up 维持；继续；跟上keep away from 躲开，避开keep back 保留，阻止，留下keep in touch with与保持联系keep out不进去/留在外面keep fit/healthy保持健康keep to sth.信守；坚持；坚守；不违背(诺言、计划等)You should keep away from fried foods.你应该远离油炸食品。We must keep up our fine traditions.我们必须保持我们优良的传统。Hurry up，or you wont keep up with them.快点，否则你就跟不上他们了。翻译句子你正在取得进步，请再接再厉！_只要你坚持不懈，你就能跟上其他同学。_【答案】Youre making progress.Please keep it up!As long as you keep it up, youll keep up with the other students.单项填空We can often see the notice“_ the grass”in the park.AKeep awayBKeep outCKeep off DKeep up【解析】句意：在公园里我们经常看到写有“勿踏草坪”字样的牌子。keep off不接近，避开，符合句意。【答案】C3fit in 相适应；相融合Chinese students fitting in well.(教材P38)中国学生适应能力强。Hes never done this type of work before；Im not sure whether hell fit in with the other employees.他以前从未做过这种工作，我不确定他是否能与其他雇员配合好。Do these plans fit in with your arrangements?这些计划与你的安排一致吗？fit sb./sth.in 找到时间见某人/做某事fit in with与合得来；适应be fit for 胜任，适合(其中的fit为形容词)be fit to do sth.适合做某事keep fit保持健康He is very fit for the job.他很适合这份工作。Mr.Smith needs more exercise to keep fit.史密斯先生要想身体健康还需要更多的锻炼。【教师备课资源】表示“适合(做)”的短语有：be suited for sth.be suited to do sth.be suitable for sth.be suitable to do sth.be up for sth.be up to do sth.完成句子I dont think that she can_(与别人合得来)If they cant_(很好地适应), they will die out.【答案】fit in with othersfit in well单项填空Amy joined a painting group but didnt seem to _，so she left.Ashow off Bgo upCfit in Dcome over【解析】show off炫耀，卖弄；go up上升，上涨；fit in相处融洽，合得来；come over顺便来访。句意：艾米参加了一个美术班，但是好像很不适应，所以她就退出了。【答案】C4It_was_the_first_time she had ever left her motherland.(教材P38)这是她第一次离开祖国。本句使用了句型It/This/That is/was序数词time(that).“某人第次做”。若主句使用is，从句谓语动词要用现在完成时；若主句使用was，则从句谓语动词使用过去完成时。It is the first time that I have been here.我第一次到这儿来。It is the first time that I have won the prize.这是我第一次获奖。Was that the last time that he had taken part in the Olympic Games?那是他最后一次参加奥运会吗？It is/was(high)time that sb.should do/did sth.意为“到了某人做某事的时间了”。相当于It is/was time for sb.to do sth.。the first time还可用作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“第一次时”。for the first time是介词短语，只能用作句子的状语，不可用来引导状语从句，它不具有连词的功能。I fell in love with Lucy the first time I met her in Atlanta.我在亚特兰大第一次见到露西就爱上了她。We met at college for the first time.我们第一次见面是在上大学时。【对接高考】(2009陕西高考)This is the first time we _ a film in the cinema together as a family.Asee Bhad seenCsaw Dhave seen【解析】It/This/Thatis(was)the first/the second/.time that.表示“某人第一次/二次/次做某事”。句子需用完成时态。句意：这是我们全家人第一次集体到电影院看电影。【答案】D完成句子Its the first time that an AfricanAmerican_(被选为)president of the USA.This was the third time that he_(反驳他的家庭教师)It is high time that some measures_(采取)to stop drunk driving.【答案】has been electedhad contradicted his tutorwere taken/should be taken5recommend vt.推荐；建议Xie Lei highly recommends it.(教材P38)谢蕾极力推荐它(预科课程)。Our English teacher strongly recommended the 21st Century to us.我们的英语老师向我们强烈推荐21世纪报。We all want to recommend Mr Hill as general manager of our company.我们都想推荐希尔先生为公司的总经理。recommend.to sb.recommend sb.向某人推荐recommend sb.for 推荐某人做(某职位)recommend sb.as 推荐某人为recommend sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事recommend doing sth.建议做某事recommendthat从句 (从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即shoulddo，should可以省略)建议recommendation n推荐；介绍信I recommend buying this dictionary，for its price is reasonable.我建议买这本词典，因为它的价钱公道。The doctor recommended that she (should)have a holiday to relax herself.医生建议她度假来放松自己。【提示】recommend后一般不直接跟不定式。【教师备课资源】recommend意为“建议”，后跟that宾语从句时，要用虚拟语气。与之用法相同的单词还有：一坚持：insist二命令：order/command三建议：suggest/advise/propose四要求：demand/desire/require/request【对接高考】(2013浙江高考)Eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam _ at the age of six months old.Awas BbeCwere Dis【解析】题干的意思是：“眼科医生建议孩子第一次视力检查应该在六个月大的时候进行。”recommend建议，后接宾语从句时，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should do形式，should可以省略，所以正确答案为B项。【答案】B翻译句子我向我所有的学生极力推荐这家自助餐厅。_他建议我去听一下那位教授的演讲。a_b_【答案】I highly recommended the cafeteria to all of my students.a.He recommended me to go to attend the professors lecture.bHe recommended that I(should)go to attend the professors lecture.6comfort nU舒适，安慰，单数令人感到安慰的人(或事物)vt.安慰Also，when I miss my family，its a great comfort to have a substitute family to be with.(教材P38)还有，当我想家的时候，房东家就是我家的替身，和他们在一起给了我很大的安慰。No one could comfort him after his mothers death.他母亲去世后，没有人能安慰他。When you are depressed, a few words of comfort may be of great help.在沮丧的时候，几句安慰的话也许会有莫大的帮助。in comfort 舒适地；放松地be a comfort to sb.对某人来说是个安慰comfort sb.(give comfort to sb.)安慰某人comfortable adj.舒服的；安逸的make oneself comfortable使某人舒服comfortably adv.舒适地uncomfortable adj.不舒适的She comforted herself with the thought that it would be soon spring.她想到春天很快就要来临，以此安慰自己。They had enough money to live in comfort in their old age.他们有足够的钱安度晚年。完成句子她的孩子们对她来说一直是个极大的安慰。Her children _ to her.我去冲咖啡，您别拘束。Please _ while I get some coffee.【答案】have been a great comfortmake yourself comfortable翻译句子王旭和刘刚现在有着丰厚的收入，这可以让他们过得很舒适。_我想安慰她，但能说些什么呢？_【答案】Wang Xu and Liu Gang have a large income, which makes them live in comfort/comfortably.I want to give comfort to her/comfort her, but what could I say?7substitute n代替品；代用品 vt.用代替 vi.代替Also, when I miss my family, its a great comfort to have a substitute family to be with.(教材P38)还有，当我想家的时候，房东家就是我家的替身，和他们在一起给了我很大的安慰。We substituted a red apple for green to see if the baby would notice.我们用红苹果代替青苹果，看看这婴儿会不会发觉。substitute A for B 用A代替Bsubstitute B with/by A 用A代替Bsubstitute for 代替be no substitute for sth.替代不了某物substitution n代用，代理，(和)替换，代替(forn.)I can substitute cream for milk.I can substitute milk with/by cream.我可以用奶油代替牛奶。Feeling sorry for someone is no substitute for love.对某人的怜悯是替代不了爱的。substitute/replacesubstitute多指暂时代替或代理substitute A for B意为“用A代替B”replace多指以新的换掉旧的、以好的换掉坏的replace A with B意为“用B代替A”选词填空(substitute/replace)He _ the old tyre with a new one.It is not easy for a student to _ for a teacher.【答案】replacedsubstitute完成句子In China many people use tea as _(咖啡的代替品)We must _(用一把新椅子换掉这把坏椅子)【答案】a substitute for coffeesubstitute a new chair for the broken one或replace the broken chair with a new one8requirement nC需求；要求Xie Leis preparation course is helping her to get used to the academic requirements of a Western university.(教材P38)谢蕾的预料课程还帮助她熟悉了西方大学里在学术方面的要求。He refused my requirement that we (should)be given more hands.他拒绝了给我们增加人手的要求。require vt.要求；请求，需要require that sb.(should)do.要求某人做某事require sth.of sb.要求某人某事require sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事require doing/to be done需要Tom required me to keep it a secret.汤姆要求我对这件事保密。This wall requires repairing.This wall requires to be repaired.这面墙需要修理了。What do you require of me?你要求我做什么？【提示】requirement后面的表语从句和同位语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“(should)do”形式。Do you know the requirement that every applicant _ a medical examination?Ahas BhadChave Dmust have【解析】句意：你知道每一位申请者要进行体检这条规定吗？requirement后接that引导的同位语从句，从句谓语用“(should)do”形式。【答案】C9acknowledge vt.承认；确认；答谢First of all，he told me，I couldnt write what other people had said without acknowledging them.(教材P38)他告诉我，首先，我不能把别人的话写下来而不表示感谢。Western countries acknowledge that in the past 30 years China has made great contributions to the peace and development of the world.西方国家承认在过去的30年里中国为世界的和平与发展作出了巨大贡献。We wish to acknowledge the support of the university.我们想要感谢那所大学给予的支持。acknowledge (doing) sth.承认(干过)某事acknowledge sb./sth.to be/as 承认某人/某物是acknowledgethat 从句承认Its generally/universally acknowledged that.大家公认为acknowledgement承认，感谢，谢礼，收件复函He is widely acknowledged as the best player in the world.普遍认为他是世界最佳球员。I gratefully acknowledged financial support from several local businesses.我对本地几家企业的资助表示感谢。完成句子The Japanese official_(承认收过)money and gifts as bribes.Professor Hawking_(被公认为)one of the worlds greatest living physicists._Professor Hawking is one of the worlds greatest living physicists.I wish to_(对你的帮助表示感谢)with sincerity.【答案】acknowledged acceptingis acknowledged as；Its generally/universally acknowledged thatacknowledge your help10as/so far as one is concerned 就而言Besides，as far as he was concerned，what other people thought was not the most important thing.此外，他认为，别人的想法并不是最重要的。As far as Im concerned，I should like to say I am not in favor of the plan.就我而言，我想说我不赞成这个计划。The rise in interest rates will be disastrous as far as small firms are concerned.利率升高对小公司来说是大祸临头。含as.as的常用短语：as far as I know 就我所知as far as the eye can see就视线所及as.as possible尽可能地as far as 远到；直到As far as I know，they live in the same neighbourhood.据我所知，他们住在同一条街上。【提示】“就而言”的其他表达法：as for，in terms of完成句子就英语来说，他是我们班最优秀的。_，he is the best in our class.她一直走到博物馆时，他才找到她。She had got _ the museum before he found her.【答案】As far as English is concernedas far as11contradict vt.反驳；驳斥Finally he even encouraged me to contradict the authors Id read！最后，他甚至鼓励我反驳我读过的那些作者的观点！(教材P38)The report contradicts what we heard yesterday.这次报告与我们昨天听到的相矛盾。Its difficult to contradict someone politely.彬彬有礼地驳斥别人是难以做到的。He contradicts himself sometimes in the same sentence.有时在同一句子中他会自相矛盾。contradict oneself自相矛盾contradict sb./sth.驳斥某人/与某事物矛盾contradiction n反驳；矛盾，对立in contradiction to相互矛盾contradictory adj.矛盾的；完全相反的be contradictory to sth.与相矛盾His public speeches are in contradiction to his personal lifestyle.他的公开言论与他本人的生活方式恰恰相反。The speaker had got confused，and started contradicting himself.演讲者弄糊涂了，说话自相矛盾起来了。用contradict的适当形式填空The advice I received was often _.There is a _ between the two sets of figures.Im afraid what you said yesterday _ what you are doing.【答案】contradictorycontradictioncontradicts单项填空The politicians statement was contradictory _ hed made earlier in the same week.Ato that Bwith thatCto the one Dwith one【解析】be contradictory to sth.与相矛盾。【答案】C12occupy vt.占用；占领；占据；使忙碌I have been so occupied with work that I havent had time for social activities.(教材P39)我一直忙于工作，以至于没有时间去参加社会活动。How much memory does the programme occupy?这个程序占了多少内存？She occupied herself with housework all day.她一整天忙于做家务。be occupied in doing sth./with sth.忙于做某事occupy oneself with/in doing sth.忙于；专心于keep sb.occupied使某人忙碌occupation n占用；职业You need to find something to occupy yourself with when you retire.退休后你得找点事让自己忙碌起来。The workers are occupied in building new houses.建筑工人们正忙于建造新房子。【助记】【教师备课资源】表示“忙于或专心于做某事”的表达法还有：忙于做某事be busy(in)doing sth./with sth.be engaged in(doing)sth.engage oneself in(doing)sth.专心于某事focus/concentrate on，be absorbed in，devote oneself(heart and soul)to，apply oneself to，keep ones mind on，put ones heart into，fix ones thought/mind on等。完成句子我在楼上检查时你让他在下面别闲着。You _ down here while I check upstairs.市民似乎都各忙各的。The citizens seem to _ their own business.【答案】keep him occupiedbe occupied with13deserve v应得/应受到(奖赏或惩罚)；值得考虑/注意等She deserves to succeed.(教材P39)她是应该取得成功的。This proposal deserves serious consideration.这个建议值得认真考虑。Good work deserves good pay.干得好应该得到好的报酬。deserve sth.值得；应受deserve to do 应该deserve doing/to be done 应受；值得deserve well/in of有功/罪于rightly deserve 完全应得(的惩罚)Those who do not work deserve to starve.不劳动者该挨饿。They deserved to be punished.They deserved punishing.他们应当受到惩罚。(用动名词主动形式表示被动含义)【教师备课资源】与deserve的用法一致的还有：want，need和requireThe flowers need watering.The flowers need to be watered.花儿该浇水了。同义句转换His brave behaviour deserves praise.His brave behaviour deserves _.His brave behaviour deserves _.【答案】praising；to be praised英汉互译他们应该为自己的所作所为而受罚。_Those who are sent to prison for drunk driving get what they deserve._The naughty boy rightly deserves whipping._【答案】They deserved punishment/punishing/to be punished for what they had done.那些因醉驾而坐牢的人是罪有应得。这个不听话的男孩完全应该挨鞭子。Period Learning about Language(教师用书独具)教学目标1熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。2通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语。3通过对语法的学习让学生能够理解并能够运用本单元的语法知识非限制性定语从句。 教学地位语法是学生感到比较难以掌握的东西。让学生正确理解和掌握语法知识是让学生学好英语的关键，所以应给学生一些实例，通过对实例的观察和思考，让学生理解该语法的应用，而不要让学生死记硬背语法条文，应从理解的基础上去运用这些语法。(教师用书独具)新课导入建议通过对学生作业的检查导入本堂新课。教学流程设计老师检查上堂课所布置的作业，检查学生对学案预习的情况。导入新课。让学生就“要点讲练”(见学案第69页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。让学生讨论完成“语法精析”部分(见学案第70页)并让各个讨论组发表各自见解。老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。让学生针对各自不同的意见展开讨论，然后老师给出详细正确答案。老师对语法部分给予点拨。让学生掌握本单元语法知识。让学生完成“当堂双基达标”(见学案第71页)。师生共同讨论“当堂双基达标”并给出答案，并对难以理解的或有争议的地方给出详解。布置作业。让学生完成课本第41页1、2、3、4题，预习学案Period (见学案第72页)自我评估(见学案第72页)。1apology n道歉；谢罪Sara acknowledged her mistake and made an apology immediately.(教材P40)萨拉承认了错误并且立刻道歉。He made a public apology for his remarks.他为自己的话公开道歉。Im afraid I was rather badtempered yesterday.I think I owe you an apology.恐怕我昨天的脾气不怎么好，我认为应该向你道歉。make/offer/demand/accept an apology 致歉/主动道歉/要求道歉/接受道歉owe sb.an apology应向某人道歉a public apology公开道歉a written apology书面道歉apologize vi.道歉apologize to sb.for sth./doing sth.因向某人道歉say sorry to sb.向某人道歉Jack apologized to me for stepping on my foot.杰克因踩了我的脚而向我道歉。Please accept our apologies for any inconvenience we have caused.若有不便，敬请原谅。完成句子让她等了这么久，你应该为此向她表示道歉。You must _ her waiting so long.他因上学迟到向老师道歉。He _ for being late for school.【答案】apologize to her for having keptmade an apology to the teacher/apologized to the teacher单项填空The captain _ an apology to the passengers for the delay caused by bad weather.AmadeBsaidCput Dpassed【解析】make an apology to sb.为固定词组，表示“向某人道歉”。【答案】A2routine n常规；日常事务 adj.通常的；例行的Xie Lei found she could_(adjust/adjustment)to the routine of life in England because her host family were so helpful.(教材P40)谢蕾发现她能适应英国的日常生活是因为她的房东很有帮助。We clean and repair the machines as a matter of routine.我们定期清洗和修理机器。A major electrical fault was found during a routine safety inspection.在一次例行的安全检查中(检查人员)发现了重大的电路故障。routine tests常规检查/daily routine.日常生活a routine job/life平淡乏味的工作/生活break up a dull routine打破沉闷的常规routine questions/tests常规审问/检查routinely adv.常规地，例行地Visitors are routinely checked as they enter the building.来访者在进入大楼时都要接受例行检查。She prefers everything in order.She does not like having her _ work interrupted.Adrill BloadCregulation Droutine【解析】drill操练；load负荷；regulation规则；routine常规，例行公事，日常事务。句意为：她喜欢一切井然有序。她不喜欢她的常规工作被打乱。【答案】D3day in and day out日复一日Day in and day out I follow almost the same routine.(教材P40)我几乎天天都是这样做的。Day in and day out，no matter what the weather is like，she walks ten miles.她不管天气如何，每天总是步行十英里。the other day几天前day and night日日夜夜day by day一天一天地；逐日day after day日复一日；连续地from day to day天天，过一天算一天every other day每隔一天to this day直到今天by the day按日He went to see the tree he planted day after day and found it taller and taller day by day.他天天去看他栽的那棵树，发现它一天天长高了。【提示】day after day强调动作的重复，而day by day则强调状态的变化。完成句子他天天去河边钓鱼。He went fishing by the river _.他的健康状况一天天好转。His condition improved _.我直到今天仍然不明白他当时为什么那样做。_，I still dont understand why he did it like that then.【答案】day in and day out/day after dayday by dayTo this day观察下列从Reading中选取的句子，体会非限制性定语从句的含义和用法。1Xie Lei，who is 21 years old，has come to our university to study for a business qualification.2She is halfway through the preparation year，which most foreign students complete before applying for a degree course.3You have to get used to a whole new way of life，which can take up all your concentration in the beginning.4Living with host families，in which there may be other college students，gives her the chance to learn more about the new culture.5He wanted to know what I thought，which confused me because I thought that the author of the article knew far more than I did.6We will put off the picnic until next week，when the weather may be better.自我总结非限制性定语从句应可用_与先行词隔开。【答案】逗号复习非限制性定语从句一、非限制性定语从句的用法非限制性定语从句与先行词的关系比较疏散，从句只是对先行词作附加补充说明，若去掉它，句子的意思仍然完整。从句和主句之间常用逗号隔开，译成汉语时，从句常单独译成一句话。引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有as, which, whom, who, whose等，关系副词有when, where等。Toms father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.汤姆的爸爸已经60多岁了，依然日夜努力工作。All of us went to the Palace Museum, where we visited the clock section.我们所有人都去了故宫博物院，在那儿我们参观了钟表馆。二、使用非限制性定语从句应注意的问题1非限制性定语从句不用that引导。I am fond of the novel, which you bought for me.我非常喜欢那本小说，就是你给我买的那本。2非限制性定语从句不能用why引导，要用for which代替why。I have told him the reason, for which I missed the early bus.我没能赶上早班车，我已经告诉了他原因。3关系代词和关系副词在非限制性定语从句中一般不省略。He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother, whom he loved and respected as his own mother.他急于去医院看望他的继母，他把他的继母当做亲生母亲一样热爱和尊敬。三、as, which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别1两者都可引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句或主句的一部分内容，有时可以互换。但as引导的从句位置较灵活，能置于主句之后、之前或插在主句中间，且有“正如”之意；而which引导的从句只能置于主句之后。As we know, light travels faster than sound.Light, as we know, travels faster than sound.Light travels faster than sound, as we know.正如我们所知，光的传播速度比声音的传播速度快。My parents often treat me as a baby, which I cant bear.父母常常把我当小孩看待，这是我难以忍受的。2as常用于as is well known, as often happens, as may be imagined, as we know, as we can see, as we expect等结构中，而which不能。Smoking is harmful to ones health, as is known to all.吸烟有害健康，这一点是众所周知的。四、“介词which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句“介词关系代词”既可以用于限制性定语从句，也可以用于非限制性定语从句。而且还可以与关系副词where，when转换。He came to a farm, on which he finally settled.他来到一个农场，最终在那里定居。He has two sons, both of whom are doctors.他有两个儿子，都是医生。.单项填空1The captain_an apology to the passengers for the delay of the fl
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