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KEY SENTENCES 1. A: When was the car invented? B: It was invented in 1885. 2. A: When were the battery-operated slippers invented? B: They were invented last year. 3. A: Who were they invented by? B: They were invented by Julie Thompson. 4. A: What are they used for? B: Theyre used for seeing in the dark. 5. In this way, one of the worlds favorite drinks was invented.T: Whats this called in English？S: Its called a telephone.T: When was the telephone invented?S: It was invented in 1876.T: What is it used for?S: It is used for talking with each other.T: Who was the telephone invented by?S: It was invented by Bell.Who was invented by?It was invented by Henry FordEdisonBellCai LunBi ShengWright brothersInventorsInventionspaper-makingplane carlight bulbtelephoneprintingA: What is this? B: It is a light bulb. A: What is it used for?B: It is used for giving light.A: Do you think it is helpful?B: Yes, I think so. Because I always do homework and read books in the evening by its light.A: What is this?B: It is an alarm clock. A: What is it used for?B: It is used for waking people up in the morning.A: Do you think it is annoying?B: Sometimes, when I want to go on sleeping.A: What is this?B: It is a microwave oven. A: What is it used for?B: It is used for cooking or heating food.A: Do you think it is helpful?B: Yes, I think so. Because my parents are very busy and I can use it to cook meals by myself.crispy and saltypotato chipslemonsour ice creamsweet Different foods have different tastes, so they taste different. tea bitter that potato chips were invented by mistake? Chips by a chef called George Crum. They were invented in .George Crum cooked them for a long time until they . And he sprinkled lots of salt on them so they were . Did you knowwere invented1853were crispyreally salty Tea, the most _ _ in the world (after water), was invented _ _ .Although tea _ _ to the _ _ until 1610, this _ was _ over three thousand years before that. _ _ an _ _ _ , the _ Shen Nong discovered tea when he was boiling _ _ over an open fire. Some leaves from a _ _ _ _ the water and _ there for some time. The emperor _ that the leaves in the water _ a _ _ . Later he _ _ taste the _ _ . It was quite delicious. And _ _ _ , one of the worlds favorite drinks _ _.popular drinkby accidentwasnt broughtwestern worldbeveragediscoveredAccording toancient Chinese legendemperordrinking waternearby bush fell intoremainednoticedproducedpleasant smelldecided tohot mixturein this waywas invented the invention of tea Basketball is still a young game . Its over a hundred years old . In the winter of 1891 , a certain college was having some trouble with its boy students . The weather was bad and the students had to stay indoors . As they couldnt play outdoors , they were unhappy , and some even got into fights from time to time. Some of the teachers , at the college asked Dr. Naismith to invent a game so that the students might have something to play with . It was not easy to invent such a game because it had to be played indoors , and the court was not very large. Dr. Naismith thought for a few days and invented a kind of ball game . It was a fast ,wonderful game with much moving and passing of the ball . It was played between two teams . To make a score , the ball had to be thrown into the basket ten feet above the floor on the wall . At each end of the court there was such a basket . At first , Dr. Naismith wanted to throw the ball into a box . As he could not find boxes of the right size , he had to use fruit baskets instead . That is how the game got its name.1. 1. 被动语态被动语态 (1). (1). 被动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作被动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作承受者。承受者。(2). (2). 被动语态被动语态基本结构：基本结构：be+be+及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词( (如果是不及物动词，其过去分词应带有相应的介词如果是不及物动词，其过去分词应带有相应的介词) ) (3). (3). 被动语态中的被动语态中的be be 是助动词是助动词，有，有人称、数和时态的人称、数和时态的变化变化。 一一般现在时被动语态为般现在时被动语态为：am/is/are+过去分词过去分词一般过去时被动语态为一般过去时被动语态为：was/were+ 过去分词过去分词现在进行时为现在进行时为 : am/is/are +being +过去分词过去分词一般将来时为一般将来时为了了: will/is going to be+ 过去分词过去分词现在完成时为现在完成时为: have/has +been +过去分词过去分词与情态动词连用的被动语态与情态动词连用的被动语态: :情态动词情态动词+ be + + be + 过去分词过去分词 (4). (4). 被动语态中动作的发出者或执行者做介词被动语态中动作的发出者或执行者做介词byby的宾语，的宾语，放在句末，放在句末，by by 表示表示“由，被由，被”的意思的意思如何理解被动语态？如何理解被动语态？ 为取胜更清晰、更深刻地理解被动语态的含义，可以将为取胜更清晰、更深刻地理解被动语态的含义，可以将主动语态和被动语态的句子结构进行比较。主动语态和被动语态的句子结构进行比较。 主动语态：主动语态： 主语主语+ 谓语动词谓语动词 + 宾语宾语 + 其他成分其他成分 被动语态：被动语态： 主语主语+ be +过去分词过去分词 + by +宾语宾语 +其他其他成分成分 如：如： Many people speak English.被动语态被动语态 English is spoken by many people.被动语态1、在不知道动作的执行者是谁时、在不知道动作的执行者是谁时他的自行车被人偷走了。他的自行车被人偷走了。有你的电话。有你的电话。2、当动作的执行者是泛指或不言自明时、当动作的执行者是泛指或不言自明时.中国是中国是1949年解放的。年解放的。3、当动作的承受者是谈话的中心或需要强调时、当动作的承受者是谈话的中心或需要强调时我的表修好了。我的表修好了。4、出于委婉、礼貌而避免提及自己或对方时、出于委婉、礼貌而避免提及自己或对方时希望你认真做。希望你认真做。5、在文章的标题、广告、新闻等中（省略、在文章的标题、广告、新闻等中（省略be）6、当动作的执行者不是人时、当动作的执行者不是人时. His bike has been stolen.You are wanted on the phone.China was liberated in 1949.My watch has been repaired.You are wished to do it more carefully.Girls wanted. (省略省略are) Road Blocked. (省略省略is)The house was washed away by the storm.PAY ATTENTION:1.这些动词真奇怪，主动句中这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to 离开，被动句中离开，被动句中to回回 来。来。（see, hear, watch, let, make, have) 1. He made me do the work. I was made _ the work by him. 2. I saw him enter the cinema just now. He was seen _ the cinema just now.to doto enter3. Tim被那个老板支使每天干重活儿。被那个老板支使每天干重活儿。Tim is made to do lots of had work by the boss every day. 2.如遇双宾语时，用直接宾语作主语时，间接宾语前加如遇双宾语时，用直接宾语作主语时，间接宾语前加to/for.如如give,buy等等She gave me a book.I was given a book by her.A book was given _ me by Her.to3. 含有介词的动词词组的被动语态，须将其看含有介词的动词词组的被动语态，须将其看作一个整体，不可把它们分隔开来。作一个整体，不可把它们分隔开来。 They take good care of the baby.is taken good care ofThe baby_ by them.1. 世界上许多国家都讲英文。世界上许多国家都讲英文。 English is spoken in many countries all over the world . 2. 纸是中国发明的。纸是中国发明的。 Paper was invented in China.3. 这栋大楼是去年建造的。这栋大楼是去年建造的。 The building was built last year.Make sentences 4. 这本小说已被译成了几种语言。这本小说已被译成了几种语言。 This novel has been translated into several languages. 1.虽然他很年轻虽然他很年轻,但是他很懂事但是他很懂事.Although (he is) quite young, he knows a lot.3他们结束训练时将被派往部队。他们结束训练时将被派往部队。They would be sent to the army when they finished the training.4.我应邀参加了音乐会我应邀参加了音乐会.I was invited to the concert.5.汽车是在汽车是在1885年发明的年发明的.Cars were invented in 1885. 6.我希望这项运动将在全世界普及我希望这项运动将在全世界普及.I hope this game will be played all over the world.7.许多树正在被砍伐许多树正在被砍伐.Many trees are being cut down .8.我的汽车已经修好了我的汽车已经修好了.My car has been repaired. 9.这件事必须尽快做这件事必须尽快做.This must be done as soon as possible.11.她已经不是过去的她了。她已经不是过去的她了。She is not the girl that she used to be.12.篮球是可以在室内进行的运动。篮球是可以在室内进行的运动。Basketball is a sport that can be played indoors.3. Inventors invented inventions.n. 发明家发明家 v. 发明发明 n. 发明发明 可数名词可数名词Inventions were invented by inventors.4. salty adj. 咸的咸的 salt n. 盐盐 sour adj. 酸的酸的, sweet adj.甜的甜的 n. 糖糖(果果) sweets = candy/candies bitter adj.苦的苦的5. make sb./sth. +形容词形容词 使使怎么样怎么样 It made me happy. 它使我高兴它使我高兴 make sb./sth. do sth 让让做做 It made me laugh. 它让我发笑它让我发笑be madeoffrom看得出原材料看不得出原材料be made into 被制作成被制作成be made in +地点地点 由由制造制造be made by + 执行者执行者 被被制作制作be made up of 由由组组/构成构成一、用所给动词的适当形式填空一、用所给动词的适当形式填空(50分）。分）。1. This kind of TV set (make ) in that factory .2. The Great wall (know) to the people all over the word3.They use knives (cut )things.4.My clothes (wash ) once a week .5.Whats it used for? For (keep) off the rain.6. the books (write) in English? Yes, they are.7. I cant decide which book (buy ).8. They are busy (clean)the classroom.is madeis knownare washedto cutkeepingArewrittento buycleaningEXERCISES1. Wood can be used for _ (make) tables. 2. The jacket is _(make) of cotton. 3. Where are Oranges _ (grow)? 4. English is_(speak) all over the world. 5. Knives are used for _ (cut) things. 6. Trees are _ (plant) in spring. makingmadegrownspokencuttingplanted14. leaf n. 叶子叶子 复数形式复数形式 leaves15. nearby adj. 附近的附近的 如：如： the nearby river16. fall into 落入落入 掉进掉进 如：如：The leaf fell into the river. 叶子落入了河里。叶子落入了河里。 fall down 摔倒摔倒 如：如：She fell down from her bike. 她从她自行车摔倒了。她从她自行车摔倒了。17. quite 非常非常 adv. 与冠词与冠词a连用时，冠词连用时，冠词a必须放在它的后面必须放在它的后面 如：如： quite a beautiful girl 一个相当漂亮的女孩一个相当漂亮的女孩 very 非常非常 adv. 与冠词与冠词a连用时，冠词连用时，冠词a必须放在它的前面必须放在它的前面 如：如： a very beautiful girl 一个非常漂亮女孩一个非常漂亮女孩 注：注：当不与冠词当不与冠词a 连用时，两者可以互用连用时，两者可以互用 如：如： I am very happy.= I am quite happy. 我非常高兴。我非常高兴。18. pleased adj. 高兴的高兴的 pleasant adj.令人高兴的令人高兴的;令人愉快的令人愉快的 please v. 使高兴使高兴; 使同意使同意20. battery-operated adj. 电池控制的电池控制的21. in the sixth century 在第在第6世纪世纪 22. travel around 周游周游23. more than =over 超过超过 如：如： more than 300 = over 300 超过超过30024. including prep. 包括包括 (可以与名词和动名词连用可以与名词和动名词连用) 如如: Six people, including a baby, were hurt. 6个人包括一个小孩受伤了个人包括一个小孩受伤了 25. have been played 被上演被上演 (是现在完成时的被动语态是现在完成时的被动语态) 现在完成时的被动语态的结构：现在完成时的被动语态的结构： have /has been +过去分词过去分词26. be born 出生出生 He was born in Canada. 他在加拿大出生他在加拿大出生27. safety n. 安全安全 safe adj. 安全的安全的 safely adv.安全地安全地 save v.救救,节省节省.29. divide sth. into 将将划分成划分成.通常指将一个整体分成几个对应相对的部分通常指将一个整体分成几个对应相对的部分 如：如： Lets divide ourselves into 4 groups. 让我们把我们自己划成让我们把我们自己划成4组。组。30. since then 自从那以后自从那以后 (常与常与完成时完成时 态连用态连用) 如：如： Since then, I have left Beijing. 自从那以后，我已经离开了北京。自从那以后，我已经离开了北京。1. 用于做某事用于做某事2.在暗处在暗处3. 闹钟闹钟4.灯泡灯泡5.最有益的发明最有益的发明6. 在岛上在岛上7. 整天整天8.足够瘦足够瘦9.最后最后, 终于终于10.把把撒在撒在上上11. 错误地错误地be used for doing sthin the darkalarm clocklight bulbthe most helpful inventionon the islandall daythin enoughin the end = finally / at lastsprinkle . onby mistake=be used to do sthbe used by sbbe used asall nightthe most annoying inventionsalty/sweet enoughI took the umbrella by mistake. 我不小心拿错了雨伞。我不小心拿错了雨伞。1. 偶然地偶然地,意外地意外地2.三千多年前三千多年前3. 根据根据4.一个古老的中国传说一个古老的中国传说5.在户外火堆上在户外火堆上6. 落入落入7. 散发令人愉快的气味散发令人愉快的气味8.用这种方法用这种方法,这样这样9.饮用水饮用水10.继续留在那儿继续留在那儿11. 用这种方法用这种方法,这样这样12.撞上撞上13.历史上历史上by accident / chanceover three thousand years agoaccording toan ancient Chinese legendover an open firefall intoproduce a pleasant smellin this waydrinking waterremain therein this wayknock intoin history1.我在打扫房间时我在打扫房间时,偶然找到了钥匙偶然找到了钥匙.I FOUND THE KEY _ _ WHEN I WAS CLEANING THE ROOM.2. 人们认为在人们认为在1891年年12月月21日举行了历史上的第一场篮球日举行了历史上的第一场篮球比赛比赛.IT _ _ THAT ON DECEMBER 21ST, 1891, THE FIRST BASKETBALL GAME _ _ WAS PLAYED.3. 昨天他掉进河里了昨天他掉进河里了.HE _ _ THE RIVER YESTERDAY.by accidentis believedin historyfell intoIt is / believed /said / thought / reported = people believe / say / think1.The girl smiles, because the trip is p_.2.The wine bottle was _ (生产生产) in Korea.3.The company was built in the eighties of the twentieth _ (世纪世纪).4.I think the telephone is an important _ (发明物发明物).5. This story is an _(古老的古老的)Chinese legend.6.Today its so easy to do the washing. You just need to _ (扔扔) the clothes into the washing machine.7.When autumn comes, the _ (叶子叶子) on the trees turn yellow or red.8.As we know, China is _ (发展发展) much faster now than ever before. 9.I was asleep when my old friend came to _ (敲敲) at the door.leasantproducedcenturyinventionancientthrowleavesdevelopingknock根据开头字母，补全单词根据开头字母，补全单词1.Do you know who the computer was i _by?2. The seat belt on a plane are a _.3. It was a big m_ to leave my umbrella at home.4. A c_ is a hundred years.5. Boys, stop t_ stones to the poor dog.6. The cake t_ delicious.7. All the workers were made_ (工作工作) over ten hours a day in those days.nventeddjustableistakeenturyhrowingastesto work用所给词的适当形式填空。用所给词的适当形式填空。 2. When _ your classmate _ (come) into his class this morning? 3. His father was ill. He had to _ (stay) at home today. 4. _ you ever _ (see) that man over there, Alice? 5. Dont forget _ (close) the windows when you leave your room.Have stay comedidto close seen7. It _ (be) so hard that we couldnt see the way to our school clearly. 8. English _(speak) in the world widely. 9. The boy might _ (become) a good scientist in the future.was is spoken become 二二.单项选择单项选择1. The bridge _ by the farmers themselves in 1982.A. built B. was built C. build D. was build 2. All the books will _ to the children who live in the small village.A. be sentB. sent C. be send D. send3. Keys _ used for _ the doors.A. is, openingB. is, opened C. are, opening D. are opened 4. My mother told me that my homework must _ on time.A. finishB. be finish C. be finished D. finished BACC5. The police found the lost car _. A. with mistake B. by accidentC. by mistake D. in accident 6. I dont like this kind of potato chips because they are not _. A. crispy B. sweetC. soft D. sour 7. They decided _ at the end of this month. A. to leave B. going back C. travelD. not stat out 8. Its used for _ clearly in the dark. A. seeingB. seeC. looking D. look BAAA9. When _ the car _?A. did, invent B. was, invented C. does, invent D. in, invented 10. Jack _ leave _ his teacher comes back.A. doesnt, until B. /, until C. wont, / D. wont, until BD5. Would you like some tea, please? - Yes, I prefer tea _ sugar. A. to B. for C. with D. than6. I _ over 1000 stamps by the end of last month. A. collect B. have collected C. collected D. had collected7. _ April Fools Day people often play jokes _ each other.A.One, for B. On, in C. On, with D. On, onCDC
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