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Module2Unit 3Amazing people（1）1、 curious adj. 好奇的；奇怪的，不寻常的；难以理解的be curious about 对感到好奇be curious to do sth. 对做某事感到好奇be curious that从句/wh从句(从句谓语可用陈述语气也可用虚拟语气)I heard a curious noise coming from above. 我听到从上面传来的一个奇怪的响声。We were curious about the cause of the accident / about what caused the accident. 我们对事故的起因很好奇。Hes curious to know what she said. 他想知道她说了什么。They are curious how it is (should be) made. 他们很想知道这是怎么做成的。 Kids are always _ about what they see for the first time. A. eager B. curious C. anxious D. interestedB考查4个形容词的词义。A意为“急切盼望的，热心的”；B意为“好奇的，求知欲强的”；C意为“担忧的”；D意为“感兴趣的”。2、 preserve vt. 保护，保存，保持保护，保存，保持 n. 保护区保护区preserve sb./sth. from sth. 保护免受nature preserve 自然保护区In summer, a great deal of fruit may be preserved by freezing. 夏天，大量的水果可冷藏。No hunting is allowed in the preserve. 在禁猎区内不许打猎。wellpreserved adj. 保存良好的preservation n. 维护；保护；保持The water and soil preservation project has been set up. 水土保持项目已经建立起来了。3、辨析辨析disturb, interrupt(1) disturb和interrupt都是及物动词，但意思不同。前者是“干扰、困扰”，后者是“打断”。(2) (2) disturb还可表示“妨碍； 妨害； 侵犯(权利)；弄乱， 打乱(计划等)；激荡(水面)”。She was disturbed to hear you had been injured in the accident.她听到你在事故中受了伤感到不安。Dont interrupt your teacher while he is talking.老师在讲话的时候你不要打断他。He put his oars in the water and disturbed the smooth surface of the lake.他把桨放入水中，搅乱了平静的湖面。Dont disturb the paper on my desk.别乱动我桌上的文件。disturbing adj. 令人不安的；使人震惊的 The programme was _ for half an hour because of a sudden power failure last night. A. disturbed B. missed C. interrupted D. pausedC本句意思为“昨晚因停电，节目被中断了半个小时。” interrupt中断；disturb打乱，扰乱；miss思念，错过；pause暂停，为不及物动词。4、辨析辨析certain，sure一般来说，sure和certain的用法是相同的，但sure的语气比certain听起来弱些，而区别主要体现在搭配上。(1)两者都能用于以下句型中：a. be sure / certain about / of短语，表示“对(某事)有把握”。主语必须是人，about / of之后多跟名词、代词。I am sure / certain of his returning.我确信他会回来。b. be sure / certain to do sth.句型中，表示“一定会做某事”，主语可以是人，也可以是物。Spring is sure / certain to follow winter. 冬天过后一定是春天。This is sure / certain to result in/cause a quarrel.这肯定会引起一场争吵。c. 两者都能用于“sb. be sure / certain 从句”和“sb. make sure / certain 从句”句型中，表示“确信”，“确定；弄清楚”。You must make sure / certain when the bus will leave. 你必须弄清汽车何时出发(2)二者的不同点在于：a. 如果it作为形式主语代替从句时，则其后的表语用certain，而不能用sure。It isnt certain whether he will give us a report next Monday. 下星期一他是否来为我们作报告还不能确定。b. 两者在作定语时含义不同。sure意为“可靠的；无误的”；而certain若修饰可数名词，意为“某一；某些；某种；一些”，若修饰抽象名词，表示程度，意为“有点；有些”。He made a sure answer. 他回答得准确无误。A certain person called on me yesterday. 昨天有个人来找过我。 c. 在祈使句中常用sure，不宜用certain。Be sure and remember what I told you. 千万要记住我对你讲的话。d. 口语中，sure常作副词，用在肯定答语中替代surely，这时与of course，certainly意思相当，而certain不可作副词用。 Would you please turn down the radio a little bit? 请你把收音机音量调小点，好吗？ Sure / Of course / Certainly. 当然可以。 Its _ that he said: “I am _ to help you.” Dont take it seriously. He is always playing that trick. A. sure; sure B. certain; certain C. sure; certain D. certainly; surelyBit 作形式主语时只能用certain 作表语。人作主语时，sure和certain都可以用，但是不能用surely。故选B。5、once adv. 一次，曾经一次，曾经 conj. 一旦一旦就就She once knew him. 她以前认识他。Once bitten, twice shy. 一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。/ 吃一次亏，学一次乖。Once you begin, you must continue. 一旦开了头， 你就应当继续下去。once more/again 再一次；重新at once 马上，立刻；(instantly)同时once upon a time 从前(用于故事的开头)all at once 一下子，突然once and for all (或once for all) 一劳永逸地；彻底地 Shall we have our picnic tomorrow? _ it doesnt rain. A. Until B. While C. Once D. IfD明天我们去野餐好吗？如果不下雨的话(我们就去)。考查条件状语从句。until“直到时”，用于否定句时，意为“直到才”；while“当时候”；once“一旦就”；if “如果”。据句意，选D。该句完整形式为：If it doesnt rain, we shall have our picnic tomorrow.6、desire n. 愿望，欲望，渴望愿望，欲望，渴望 vt. 渴望，期望渴望，期望have a strong desire to do sth. 有强烈的愿望做某事have a desire for sth. 渴望得到某物desire (sb.) to do sth. 渴望(某人)做某事desire that sb. should do 渴望have a strong desire to do sth. 有强烈的愿望做某事have a desire for sth. 渴望得到某物desire (sb.) to do sth. 渴望(某人)做某事desire that sb. should do 渴望Each student in his class has a strong desire to go to a famous university. 在他的班上每个学生都有上名牌大学的强烈的愿望。My parents desire me to become a doctor. 我的父母亲渴望我能成为一名医生。 He has a strong desire that (他的父亲能回来)for a New Years holiday.his father should come back His father (渴望他能上重点大学)desires him to enter a key university7、 apply vt. 涂， 敷；应用，实施； vi. 申请，请求；适用 apply oneself to 致力于；专心于apply sth. to sth. 应用某物于某物apply to sb. for sth. 向某人申请某物apply to sb./sth. 适于/应用于某人/某物In this way they can better apply theory to practice. 这样他们就能更好地把理论运用到实践中去。He has applied for a post in England. 他已申请在英国供职。These were old regulations they dont apply any more. 这些是旧的规则，它们现在不再适用了。 application n. 申请；应用；专心applied adj. 应用的He applied himself to learning French. 他专心学习法语。Apply some medicine _ his wound. A. on B. for C. to D. inC句意：把药敷到伤口上。applyto在此表示“涂/敷到上”。The villagers _ the local government for financial help. A. asked for B. applied to C. looked for D. applied forBapply to sb. for sth. 向某人申请某物。1、辨析辨析as well as, as well (1)as well as作为习语用作介词时， 其含义是“还有”、“不但而且”。在A as well as B的结构里，语意的重点在 A，不在 B。He can speak Spanish as well as English. 他不但会说英语，而且会讲西班牙语。 as well as用作连词引出比较从句，其义为“和一样好”。 语意的重点依旧在前部。He speaks Spanish as well as English. 他说西班牙语像说英语一样好。 用于主语之后，谓语动词的单复数形式跟它前面的主语保持一致。The students, as well as their teacher, are all excited at the news. 听到这个消息，学生们和老师都感到兴奋。(2) as well 单独使用于句尾表示“也”，相当于also, 但不能用于否定句。He is a host and a writer as well.他既是一位主持人又是一位作家。可构成短语might/ may as well “不妨”“还是为好”，后可直接跟动词原形。You may as well try it again.你不妨再试一试。In addition to English, he has to study a second language. He has to study a second language _ English. He has to study English and a second language _.as well as; as wellThere is nothing to do, so I _ in the office and wait for the manager to come back. A. may as well to stay B. may as well staying C. may as well stay D. may as well stayedC句意：没有别的办法，因此我只好待在办公室等经理回来。may / might as well do sth.意思是“还是做某事为好”、“不如做某事”。My sister, as well as her classmates who _ late for class, _ criticized by Mr. Hunt. A. were; was B. was; were C. was; was D. were; wereA由于定语从句中的主谓一致是由先行词决定的，所以前面一空和her classmates一致，用复数谓语动词的形式；当as well as并列连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数由as well as前面那个主语决定，即：my sister，所以用单数。2、come across 偶然碰到；走过来；出现于偶然碰到；走过来；出现于 I came across his name on the list. 我无意中在名单上发现了他的名字。同义短语有run across/run intoHave you come/run across any problems with your homework?最近家庭作业有问题吗？ Have you _ some new ideas? Yeah, I will tell you later. A. come about B. come across C. come up with D. come out withC考查与come相关的词组的辨析。come about 发生；come across 偶然碰到；come up with 想出，提出；come out with 发表，公布；说出。3、辨析辨析manage to do, try to do, try doing(1)manage to do 意为“设法做成了某事”，强调其结果是成功的。(2)try to do意为“尽力做某事”，但是不一定成功。(3)try doing sth. 意为“试着做某事；尝试做”。He managed to do the operation with very little help.在没有多少帮助的情况下，他设法把手术做成功了。He tried to pass the exam, but he failed.他努力想通过考试，但是失败了。Lets try knocking at the back door.咱们敲后边的门试试。In spite of these insults, she managed not to get angry.尽管遭受到这些侮辱，她忍着没发火。4、辨析辨析result in，result from(1)result in 导致，造成，产生某种作用或结果(2)result from 产生于，由引起，缘于Drug abuse will result in worse health. 滥用毒品会导致体质降低。Sickness often results from eating too much. 疾病往往因吃得太多而引起。as a result as a consequence 因而，结果；作为结果as a result of 由于的原因表原因的介词短语还有：because of, on account of, owing to, due to, thanks toLast night, their house was broken into. _， they suffered heavy losses. A. Result in B. As a result C. Result from D. As a result ofB句意：昨晚，有人闯入他们家。结果，他们遭受巨大损失。A、C为动词短语，作谓语；B接结果；D接原因。Jenny nearly missed the flight _ doing too much shopping. A. as a result of B. on top of C. in front of D. in need ofA句意：由于购物花费时间太多，珍妮差点错过航班。考查介词短语辨析。A.由于；B.(危险)逼近；除之外；完全控制(局面)；C.在前面；D.需要。If breathed in是过去分词作条件状语，这里相当于if the viruses are breathed in。当从句的主语和主句的主语一致，从句又有be动词，或从句主谓结构是it is时，常省略从句的主语和be动词。If heated, water will turn into steam. If water is heated, it will turn into steam.水如果受热就会变成水蒸气。1、 If breathed in, they can result in illness or even death. 如果把病毒吸入了，就可能生病甚至死亡。When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there to be trained for a space flight. When he was asked why he went there, heflight.当被问及他为什么去那儿时，他回答说他是被送去那儿为太空航行作训练的。Every evening after dinner, if not _ from work, I will spend some time practising playing the piano. A. being tired B. tiring C. tired D. to be tiredC“每天晚餐后，如果工作不是很累，我会花一些时间练习弹钢琴。”考查非谓语动词作状语。从句补充完整为If I am not tired主句和从句主语一致，省略主语和be动词，又因该句的动作为经常发生，所以排除A、D。(1)强调句型：It is/was (not) 被强调部分 that 其他。强调人时that可换为who。It was in New Zealand that Elizabeth first met Mr Smith. 正是在新西兰伊丽莎白第一次见到了史密斯先生。It was not he but I that/who was to blame. 要怪的不是他，是我。2、Although Yang did not get the best scores on every single test, it was his high scores on the psychological tests that finally won him the status of Chinas first astronaut.杨虽然并没有在每门测试中得最高分，但是是他的心理测试最高分使得他最终赢得中国第一宇航员的地位。(2) 一般疑问句：Is/Was it 被强调部分 that 未被强调部分？Was it yesterday that you saw a foreigner in the park? 你在公园见到一个外国人是在昨天吗？(3) 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 is/was it that 未被强调部分？Who was it that was to blame? 这件事到底该怪谁？It was along the Mississippi River _ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. A. how B. which C. that D. whereC“沿着密西西比河，马克吐温度过了许多童年时光。”考查强调句型。本句强调地点状语，故选C。It was not until midnight _ they reached the camp site. A. that B. when C. while D. asA“直到午夜他们才到达野营地。”考查强调句型。本句对not until连接的时间状语进行强调。Acurious 好奇的； excited 兴奋的； anxious 焦急的； careful 仔细的。People have always _ about exactly how life on earth began.(2010天津) A. curious B. excited C. anxious D. careful如何写好并列句并列句是指在一个句子中含有两个或两个以上互不依从的主谓结构(即并列分句)。并列句中的几个分句通常由并列连词来连接，所以写好并列句掌握连词的意义及语法作用是关键。【句型1】简单句 并列连词 简单句Faced with difficulties, they never give up but try their best to find a way out.面临困难，他们从不放弃，而是尽最大努力解决。连接并列句的连词可分为以下几类： 单纯连词：and, bothand， not only but also，as well as， 转折连词：but，however, yet, still, while， 选择连词：or，notbut ， either or ， neither nor 推理连词：so, therefore, for，【句型2】祈使句 and / or (otherwise) 简单句Take the chance, or / otherwise you will regret it. 抓住这次机会，否则你会后悔的。本句型是并列句的一种特殊用法，可以与包含有条件状语从句的复合句进行转换。上句可转换为：If you dont take the chance, you will regret it. 将下列简单句合并成并列句。1. Im interested in English. I hope to be an interpreter in the future._2. The English teacher came to me. I was reading the text aloud as other students._3. He was very tired. He fell sound asleep._4. Li Meng sings well. Li Meng dances well._5. You should study hard. Youll fail in the exam._1. Im interested in English and hope to be an interpreter in the future.2. The English teacher came to me while I was reading the text aloud as other students.3. He was very tired; therefore he fell sound asleep.4. Not only does Li Meng sing well, but also she dances well. 5. Study hard, or youll fail in the exam.
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