高考英语备考 语法专题(八)状语从句课件

2011高考英语备考课件：语法专题(八)状语从句语法专题语法专题(八八)状语从句状语从句 一、引导状语从句的连词状语从句名称常用常考连词时间when，while，as soon as，hardlywhen，no soonerthan，whenever，scarcelywhen，since，before，after，till，until，the momentthe minutethe secondthe instantimmediatelydirectly，instantly，by the time，every time，each time地点where，wherever条件if，unless，once，in case(that)，so long asas long as，on condition that，suppose/supposing，provided that，as far asso far as原因 because，since，now that，as，seeing that，considering that结果such(a/an)that，sothat，so，so that目的so that，in order that，for fear that，in case让步though，although，as，even ifeven though，whatever，whenever，wherever，however，whichever，whoever，whomever，no matter what/when/where/how/which/who/whom，whether or notwhetheror not比较asas，not as/soas，morethan，lessthan方式as，just as，as ifas though 1时间状语从句 (1)when引导时间状语从句 这样考过 (重庆)Peter was so excited _ he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing. AwhereBthat Cwhy Dwhen 解析：句意：当Peter的朋友邀请他来重庆时，他很是兴奋。此题考查状语从句，只有when引导的时间状语从句符合题意。 答案：D (2)while引导时间状语从句 这样考过 (辽宁)It just isnt fair _ I was working as a waiter last month，my friends were lying on the beach. Awhenever Bthough Cfor Dwhile 解析：句意：这不公平：上个月我在做服务员时，我的朋友们却躺在海滩上。while引导时间状语从句时，从句常用进行时态。whenever 无论何时，每次，引导让步状语从句或名词性从句；though尽管，虽然，引导让步状语从句；for因为，引导原因状语从句，三项均不符合句意。 答案：D (3)在since引导的状语从句中，动词可以是延续性的也可以是终止性的，都表示状态或动作的结束，但意义有所区别。 这样考过 (2010皖南八校联考)Havent seen Lucy recently, whats happened? Oh, Its more than two months _ she worked here. Awhich Bthat Cbefore Dsince 解析：Its more than two months since she worked here.Its more than two months since she left the position here.她已经有两个多月的时间不在这工作了。 答案：D (4)as引导的时间状语从句 (浙江嘉兴)National mourning (痛心，遗憾)began _ Liu Xiang rubbed his right leg painfully，telling 1.3 billion Chinese citizens _he would not be crossing even one hurdle that day. Aas; that Bafter; what Csince; why Dwhen; which 答案：A (5)某些表示时间的副词、名词短语和介词短语也可引导时间状语从句。如directly，instantly immediately，the moment，the minute，the day，each/every time，next time，the first(second，last)time，by the time等。 这样考过 (浙江五校联考)Alices father always brings her a nice gift _ he returns home from his business trip. Aby the time Bat the time Cevery time Din the time 答案：C (2008山东日照高三考试)I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice _ I picked up the phone. Awhile Bafter Cin case Dthe moment 解析：the momentas soon as“一就”。句意：我对他那么熟悉以至于我一拿起电话就辨认出是他的声音。 答案：D (2008江西师大附中月考)Fortunately somebody who happened to be passing by called fire department _ the fire broke out. Ahurriedly Bquickly Cinstantly Dshortly 解析：句意：幸好火灾刚一发生，碰巧从旁边经过的人打了火警电话。四个选项中，只有instantly还能用作连词，意为“一就”。故选C项。 答案：C (2008宁夏银川月考)Betty shows great interest in this poem now，but she thought it boring _ she read it. Aat the first time Bthe first time Cfor the first time Dat first 解析：for the first time“第一次”，其后不能接从句，只能单独作状语；at first“首先”，只能单独作状语，其后不能接从句；the first time“第一次”，引导时间状语从句。句意：贝蒂现在对这首诗表现出极大的兴趣，但第一次读的时候她觉得它很让人生厌。答案：答案：B (6)till，until和not.until的区别： 肯定句：主句谓语动词必须是延续性动词，主句、从句都为肯定式，意为“某动作一直延续到某点时间才停止”。 否定句：主句谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，从句肯定式，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。 这样考过 (2010江苏赣榆中学、射阳中学、滨海中学联考)_our national football team lost the game to a weak team as Syria by 0 to 3, I held no doubt about the new coachs ability. A. Until B. Since C. Unless D. After 答案：A (7)before引导从句的含义 before引导的从句，不再用否定式谓语。 当before引导的从句位于主句之后时，意为“才”。 这样考过 (上海)You cant borrow books from the school library _ you get your student card. Abefore Bif Cwhile Das 解析：句意：在你没有学生证之前不能在学校图书馆借书。根据常识，一个学生只有拥有学生证之后才可以借阅图书馆的书籍。before 在之前；if如果；while当时候，然而；as随着，因为。 答案：A (金华十校模拟)Tina knocked at the door for nearly ten minutes _ her husband opened it. Awhen Bbefore Cuntil Dwhile 解析：when“当的时候”；before“在之前”；until“直到才”；while“与同时”。句意为：在父亲开门之前，蒂娜敲了将近十分钟。 答案：B 2地点状语从句 where和wherever皆可引导地点状语从句，where指某一固定地方，而wherever指任何一个地方。 这样考过 (江苏)_unemployment and crime are high，it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former. ABefore BWhere CUnless DUntil 解析：句意：在失业率和犯罪率高的地方，可以想象得到，后者是由前者引起的。A.Before 在之前；B.Where 在地方；C.Unless除非；D.Until 直到。 答案：B 3原因状语从句 because，since，as，for和now that的用法比较： (1)because 表示直接的原因或理由，表示原因的语气最强，常表示必然的因果关系。回答以why引起的特殊疑问句，只能用because。 这样考过 (2008四川、甘肃延考地区)I hope youve got your own car，_ if you havent，we may have to hire one. Abecause Bso that Cever since Dwhen 解析：because“因为”，引导原因状语从句；so that“目的是，结果”，引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句；ever since“自从”，引导时间状语从句；when“当的时候”，引导时间状语从句。句意为“我希望你有你自己的车，因为如果你没有，我们就不得不租一辆”。本题前后句是因果关系，应用because引导。 答案：A (2)since 表示对方已经知晓、无须加以说明的原因或事实，语气比because稍弱。 Ill do it for you since you are busy. 既然你忙，我来替你做吧。 这样考过 (北京崇文区)_you are unable to answer，perhaps we should ask someone else. AThough BSince CWhile DSo 解析：though虽然尽管；since由于；while当时，虽然；so因此。句意：由于你不能回答我们找别人吧。 答案：B (3)as 表示的往往是十分明显的原因，听者或读者已经知道或能看得出来，语气较弱，比较口语化。 这样考过 (南通调研)Studying alone，you are free to choose what to learn and when，_you dont need others agreement. Awhile Bif Cthough Das 解析：句意为：当你独自学习时，你可自由地选择学习的内容和时间，因为这不需要其他人的同意。as表示因为，引导原因状语从句。 答案：D (4)for 是并列连词，它引导的分句不表示直接的原因，而是用来附带解释说明前面一句的情况。for引导的分句常位于第一分句之后，它们之间用逗号隔开。 这样考过 (2008山东)He found it increasingly difficult to read， _ his eyesight was beginning to fail. Athough Bfor Cbut Dso 解析：句意：由于他的视力开始下降，他明显感到读书有困难。本题句子前后是因果关系，for的意思是“由于、因为”；though引导的是让步状语从句，意思是“虽然但是”；but的意思是“但是”，表示转折；so的意思是“因此、因而”，在句意上不通。所以选B项。 答案：B (5)now that 意为“既然”，与since同义，但更突出事实本身。 这样考过 (2010北京四中)_you want to remember its usage, youd better make a sentence with the new word. AUnless BWhile CNow that DEven if 答案：C (6)in that 意思是“因为”。 这样考过 (2008江西)Animals suffered at the hands of man _ they were destroyed by people to make way for agricultural land to provide food for more people. Ain which Bfor which Cso that Din that 解析：句意：动物遭受着来自于人类的灭顶之灾，因为人们摧毁它们是为了开垦更多的耕地来给更多人提供食物。so that“以便”，不符合句意，A、B项是“介词which”结构，引导的是定语从句，根据语境，此句是表示因果关系的状语从句。in that“因为”，符合语境要求。 答案：D 4条件状语从句 (1)通常由if，unless，once，so long as，as long as(只要)等引导条件状语从句。 这样考过 (2007福建)You will be successful in the interview _ you have confidence. A. before B. once C. until D. though 解析：题干意思是：一旦你有自信，你的面试将会成功。用once，意思是：一旦，引导条件状语从句。答案：答案：B (浙江)The medicine works more effectively _ you drink some hot water after taking it. Aas Buntil Calthough Dif 解析：句意：这种药如果你热水送服，会更加有效。if引导条件状语从句。 答案：D (全国)All the dishes in this menu，_ otherwise stated，will serve two to three people. Aas Bif Cthough Dunless 解析：句意：这个菜单上所有的菜，除非有特别说明，会满足两到三人的需要。本题unless后省略了主语和be动词。 答案：D (北京)You may use the room as you like _ you clean it up afterwards. Aso far as Bso long as Cin case Deven if 解析：句意：你可以任意使用这个房间，只要你之后打扫干净。so far as “就而言”；so long asas long as表示唯一条件“只要”；in case “以防，万一”；even if “即使，尽管”。 答案：B (陕西)My parents dont mind what job I do _ I am happy. Aeven though Bas soon as Cas long as Das though 解析：句意：我的父母不在乎我从事什么样的工作，只要我高兴就好。本题考查状语从句。as long as引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”。as soon as一就；even though虽然，尽管；as though好像。 答案：C (2)on condition that，suppose(that)，supposing that(假如)，in case(万一)，provided(that)，providing(that)(倘若)等也可引导条件状语从句。 这样考过 (2008上海春)Please remind me of the meeting again tomorrow _ I forget. Athough Bso that Cin case Duntil 解析：句意：请明天再次提醒我开会，以免我忘了。in case“以防”，如：Take an umbrella in case of rain/in case it rains.A项“虽然但是”；B项“为了，以便”；D项“直到为止”。 答案：C (2007宁夏银川一中期中)_ we cant get the necessary equipment，what shall we do? AThink BGuess CSuppose DFigure 解析：句意：假设我们不能得到必要的设备的话，我们怎么办？suppose/supposing是连词，意为“假设，假如”。如：Suppose/Supposing it rains，what shall we do？假如下雨的话，我们怎么办？ 答案：C (2007山东济宁二模)You can arrive in Beijing earlier for the meeting _ you dont mind taking the night train. Aprovided Bunless Cthough Duntil 解析：provided(that)或providing，引导条件状语从句，意为“以为前提；在条件下”，故选A项。 答案：A 5让步状语从句 (1)though，although，even if，even though引导让步状语从句。 由though与although引导的让步状语从句中不再使用but，与中文不同。 even if的从句含有强烈的假设性，而even though则多与此相反。 这样考过 (北京海淀区)Once again he failed to hand in his homework_ he had been given enough time to do it. Ain case Bas though Cso that Deven though 解析：此题考查状语从句。应注意看到once again 他再一次没交作业，尽管给他充足的时间。in case “万一”，as though “似乎，好像”，so that “如此以至于”，even though “尽管”。 答案：D (湖南)_ the police thought he was the most likely one，since they had no exact proof about it，they could not arrest him. AAlthough BAs long as CIf only DAs soon as 解析：句意：虽然警察认为他最有可能是罪犯，但没有确凿的证据，他们不能逮捕他。句子前后的逻辑关系为转折关系。 答案：A (北京宣武区)_you disagree with her，her idea is still worth considering. AIf only BEven if CInstead of DDespite of 解析：考查前后句的关系。句意为：“尽管”你不赞同她，可她的观点还是值得考虑的。 答案：B (2)一些疑问代词或疑问副词ever，如：whoever，whatever，whichever，whenever，wherever，however也可引导让步状语从句，这些词也可用no matter who，no matter what，no matter which，来代替。 这样考过 (2008山东菏泽月考)As long as I can remember， _ I called，his wife would answer the phone. Ahowever Bwhenever Cwhatever Dwhichever 解析：however“不管怎样”；whenever“无论什么时候”；whatever“不管什么”；whichever“不管哪一个”，这四个词都可以引导让步状语从句。句意：在我的记忆中，不管我什么时候打电话，他妻子都会接。 答案：B (3)as，while，whether作“尽管”讲时也可引导让步状语从句。 这样考过 (皖北联考)Much _ he states he has a good taste of his own，he cant avoid being influenced by advertisement. Athat Bwhich Cas D/ 解析：as引导让步状语从句，“尽管他不断声称自我感觉良好，但他不可避免地受广告影响”。答案：答案：C (2008重庆)All people，_ they are old or young，rich or poor，have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster. Aeven if Bwhether Cno matter Dhowever 解析：句意：自这次灾难以来，所有的人，不管他们是年老的还是年轻的，富有的还是贫穷的，都在尽自己最大的努力去帮助那些需要帮助的人。whether.or.是固定搭配，意为“无论是还是，不管是还是”。答案：答案：B (郴州质量监测)_ governments，universities and research institutes only have a limited budget to do fieldwork，people whose hobby is to study botany devote a great deal of money and time to it. AUntil BUnless CWhile DFor 解析：while“尽管”；until“直到才”；unless“除非”；for“因为”。由句意知应选C。 答案：C 6目的状语从句 (1)由so that，in order that，for fear that引导从句，谓语常含may，might，can，could，will，would等情态动词。 这样考过 (北京海淀区)Keep ourselves and our hearts open_ we can experience the great joy that friendship can bring. Aso that Beven though Cas if Dever since 解析：so that“因此”；even though“即使”；as if“好像”；ever since “从那以后”。 答案：A (2)in case引导的目的状语从句表示“以防，以免”。 He left early in case he should miss it. 他走得很早以免错过了它。 这样考过 (合肥质检)Mary，I have got a new cell phone number! Oh，hold on.Ill put it down just _. Ain need Bin case Cin time Din use 解析：in need “需要”；in case “以防万一”；in time “及时”；in use “有用”，此处表示“我写下来以防万一。” 答案：B (2008江西遵义重点中学联考)Mum，what should I prepare before I leave for the lecture? Well，get your notebook ready _ you have something significant you need to put down. Aso that Bin case Con condition that Das though 解析：句意：妈妈，在我去听报告之前，需作什么准备吗？嗯，准备了笔记本以防有些重要的东西要记下来。(just)in case(.)because of the possibility of sth.happening 因为可能发生某事；以防万一；万一。如：It may rain.Youd better take an umbrella(just)in case(it does)可能下雨，你最好带把伞，以防万一(下起来)。 答案：B 7结果状语从句 (1)so that表示结果和目的时的区别：so that表示目的时，在从句中往往有can，could，may，might等情态动词。 这样考过 (西城)So many uses have been discovered of this wood _ the supply of this special tree is becoming smaller and smaller. Athen Bwhat Cthat Dwhich 答案：C (2007上海)Pop music is such an important part of society _ it has even influenced our language. Aas Bthat Cwhich Dwhere 解析：“such a(an)形容词单数可数名词”意为“如此以至于”，表示“流行歌曲是社会中如此重要的部分，以至于它已经影响了我们的语言”。such.as和such.that句型不同，前者as引导的从句是定语从句，而后者that引导的从句是状语从句。 答案：B (2)so.that与such.that句型区别：so为副词，修饰形容词、副词，不能修饰名词；such是形容词，用来修饰名词。常见结构是： so形容词/副词that从句 so形容词a(an)单数名词that从句 somany/few/much/little复数名词/不可数名词that从句 sucha(an)adj.单数名词that从句 such形容词复数名词that从句 such形容词不可数名词that 从句 这样考过 (2010湖南四市九校联考)In recent years，_ many ridersincluding last years winner, Floyd Landis, and several riders this yearhave been accused of taking drugs to help them that the most difficult race no longer seems special. Asuch Bas Cso Dtoo 答案：C (2008四川非延考区)I havent seen Ann for _ long that Ive forgotten what she looks like. Asuch Bvery Cso Dtoo 解析：句意：我有很长时间没见着安了，我已忘记她长什么样了。so/such.that如此以致于，即soadj./adv.that，而suchn.that，long为副词，故用so。 答案：C 单项填空 1(2010厦门外国语学校)Im sorry youve been waiting so long, but itll still be some time _ Brian gets back. Abefore Bsince Ctill Dwhere 答案：A 2Lucy，the boy was frightened by the terrible noise from the next room. Take him_its quiet，I think. Awhen Bwhere Cwhat Dbefore 答案与解析：B题意为：“露西，这个男孩被从隔壁发出的可怕的噪音吓到了。”“带他到安静的地方。”where引导地点状语从句，意为“在地方”。 3He will surely finish the job on time_hes left to do it in his own way. Aso that Bso long as Cin case that Dfor fear that 答案与解析：B题意为：只要让他用自己的方法做这件事，他肯定能按时完成工作。so that意为“以便，结果是”；so long as意为“只要”；in case意为“万一”；for fear that意为“惟恐，害怕”。根据题意选B。 4Did the policeman let you in? No，_I told him who I was. Aif Bonce Cas though Deven though 答案与解析：D题意为：“警察让你进来了吗？”“没有，即使我告诉了他我是谁。”if意为“如果”，once意为“一旦”；as though意为“好像”；even though意为“即使”。 5Anything else should we pay attention to if we go camping，Mum? Nothing much.Take a raincoat_it rains. Aas long as Bin case Cif Dnow that 答案与解析：B题意为：“妈妈，如果我们去野营，有什么需要注意吗？”“没什么。带件雨衣以防下雨。”as long as意为“只要”；in case意为“以防”；if意为“如果”；now that意为“既然”。 6Did you catch the early bus this morning? No.It had left the stop_I arrived there. Aas soon as Bas the time Cby the time Dduring the time 答案与解析：Cby the time，each time，every time，immediately，the moment等词或短语常可用作连词，引导时间状语从句，主句用过去完成时态表明用by the time。 7We have decided to go for a picnic tomorrow，Dick.Are you going with us? Well，_you are going，so will I. Awhen Bsince Cif Dwhile 答案与解析：B题意为：“迪克，我们明天准备去野餐，你和我们一起去吗？”“哦，既然你们去，我也去。”since意为“既然”，if意为“如果”，“打算要去了”所以不是“假设”而是“因果”。故选B。 8_much I dislike the idea of begging in the street，we should still show consideration for those who are in difficult situations. AHowever BHow CWhatever DNo matter 答案与解析：A题意为：不管我多么讨厌在街上乞讨这种主意，我们仍然应该体谅那些处于艰苦境况的人。however意为“不管多么，无论如何”，等于no matter how；whatever意为“不管什么”，等于no matter what。根据题意选A。 9_I feel pity on earthquake victims in Wenchuan，I cant really do very much to help them but contribute my pocket money. AAs long as BWhen CWhile DEven 答案与解析：C题意为：虽然我同情汶川地震的受难者，但我除了捐钱不能做什么去帮助他们了。while此处引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管”，符合题意。 10_great achievements China may have in the future，it is likely that many of them will be born in Western China. AIf BWhatever CAs DHowever 答案与解析：B题意为：无论中国将来取得多大的成就，很可能许多来自西部。whatever相当于no matter what，用来引导让步状语从句。if意为“如果”；as意为“因为”；however意为“无论怎样”，三项皆与题意不符。 11_the total number of farmers has decreased over the past 10 years，the size of the average farm has more than doubled. AWhile BSince CBecause DAs 答案与解析：A考查连词用法。句译为：虽然十年来农民的数量减少了，但农场的平均面积却增加了一倍多。此处while表示“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句。 12Simon thought his computer was broken_his little brother pointed out that he had forgotten to turn it on. Auntil Bsince Cafter Dbecause 答案与解析：A题意为：西蒙以为电脑坏了，直到他的弟弟指出他忘了打开电脑。主句为肯定句时，表示其动作或状态一直延续到until引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词所表示的动作发生为止。其他各项均与句意不符。 13_life pace continues to speed up，we are quickly losing the art of enjoyment. AWith BWhen CAs DWhile 答案与解析：C题意：随着生活节奏的加快，我们正迅速失去享受生活的乐趣。as，when，while均可引导时间状语从句，意为“在时候”，但表示两个发展变化中的情况时常用as，意为“随着”；with是介词，后不接从句。 14_scientists know where a storm will happen，winds will suddenly change，carrying the storm to a new direction. AEven if BSince CDespite DUnless 答案与解析：A题意为：即使科学家们知道暴风雨将在哪里形成，风向会突然改变，携带着暴风雨到一个新的方向。even if意为“即使”；since意为“因为，既然”；despite意为“尽管”；unless意为“除非”。 15The little boy was allowed to go swimming_he kept near the other boys. Aon condition that Bin case Cnow that Dby the time 答案与解析：A题意为：这个小男孩被允许去游泳如果他离其他男孩很近的话。on condition that意为“如果”；in case意为“以防”；now that意为“既然”；by the time意为“到时候为止”。 16It was thought that things would get worse，but_it is，they were getting better. Abecause Bwhen Cas Dafter 答案与解析：C题意为：原以为事情会变得更糟，但是实际上，事情变得越来越好。as it is 为固定说法，意为“实际上”，符合题意。 17It is difficult for any of us to eat better，exercise more，and sleep enough，_we know we should. Abecause Beven though Cas if Dunless 答案与解析：B题意为：对于任何人来说吃得好，锻炼得多，睡眠充足都很困难，即使我们知道应该这么做。前后分句表示是一种让步关系，所以用even though“即使”。 18Could I use yours? Im sorry，it isnt here.Id get it for you_I could remember who borrowed it. Aexcept that Bnow that Cif only Deven though 答案与解析：C题意为：“我能用你的吗？”“很抱歉，它不在这里。只要我能记起来谁拿的，我就把它拿给你。”except that意为“除之外”；now that意为“既然”；if only意为“要是”，even though意为“即使”。 19You cant understand the novel well_you understand the writer who wrote it. Athough Bwhether Cotherwise Dunless 答案与解析：D题意为：如果你不了解写这部小说的作者，你就不能很好地理解这部小说。though意为“尽管”；whether意为“是否”；otherwise意为“否则”；unless意为“除非；如果不”。 20We should be able to do the job for you quickly，_you give us all the necessary information. Ain case Bthough Cprovided that Deven if 答案与解析：C题意为：假如你给我们所有需要的信息，我们能够为你很迅速地完成这个工作。provided that意为“只要，如果”，引导条件状语从句，符合题意。 21He asked me just to sit down and drink some water_I could say anything about my travel plan. Awhile Bwhen Cif Dbefore 答案与解析：D题意为：我还没来得及说关于我旅行计划的事情，他让我坐下喝一些水。before此处可译成“还没来得及”，引导时间状语从句。 22_my mailing address is different from my living address? Then you must write both in the form. AAs if BWhat if CEven if DOnly if 答案与解析：Bwhat if意为“倘若该怎么办？”；as if意为“似乎，好像”；even if意为“即使”；only if意为“只有”。 23_he was the last man I wanted to see，I did all in my power to help him. AAs BNow that CThough DHowever 答案与解析：C题意为：尽管他是我最不愿意见到的人，但我还是尽力帮了他。根据句意选择C项。as可引导时间或原因状语从句，引导让步状语从句时，要倒装。now that是“既然”的意思。而however是“无论多么”的意思。 24Many Olympic athletes hold that the most important thing is not to win but to participate，_ the most important thing in life is not the success，but the struggle. Aas though Bjust like Csuch as Djust as 答案与解析：D考查连词与介词的辨析。语境为：许多奥林匹克运动员认为，最重要的是参与，而不是获胜。正如人生中最重要的是奋斗而不是成功。just as“正如，正像”，后接句子。just like 也有“正如，正像”之意，后接名词或代词。 25One of the successful peoples strong points is that they can succeed_others fail. Aif Bwhen Chow Dwhere 答案与解析：D题意：成功的人的优势之一就是他们能在别人失败的地方成功。where引导地点状语从句。