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UNIT 2 HOW OFTEN DO YOU EXERCISE?课前预习Section A一、重点单词一、重点单词1. _ 家务劳动；家务事2. _ 几乎不；几乎没有3. _ 在任何时候，从来；曾经4. _ 一次；曾经 5. _ 两次；两倍6. _ （国际）互联网；因特网7. _ 节目houseworkhardlyeveroncetwiceInternetprogram8. _ 忙的；满的；充满的9. _ 摆动；秋千；（使）摆动10. _ 大概；或许；可能11. _ 最小；最少；最小的；最少的12. _ 经常13. _ 有时14. _ 从不15. _ 总是；一直16. _ 通常fullswingmaybeleastoftensometimesneveralwaysusually二、重点短语二、重点短语1. _ _ 多久一次2. _ _ 几乎从不3. _ _ 至少；不少于；起码4. _ _ 在周末5._ _ _ _ 一周三次6. _ _ 每天；天天7. _ _ 摇摆舞howoftenhardlyeveratleastonweekendsthreeaweekeverydayswingdancetimes名师点津【1 1】How oftenHow often do you do you exerciseexercise? ? 你多久锻炼一次你多久锻炼一次( (身体身体) )？【知识点】 how often和exercise的用法。【讲解1】 how often通常用于询问事情发生的频率。它可以用always， almost always， usually， often， sometimes， hardly ever， seldom， never等频度副词来回答，也可以用once a week， twice a month， three times a year或every day， every week等来回答。由how引导的特殊疑问词还有很多，详见P11语法聚焦版块。【举例】 How often do you play basketball？ 你多久打一次篮球？Once a week./Often. 一周一次。/经常。【讲解2】 exercise n. 练习；运动；训练；运用；典礼vi. 锻炼；训练；练习vt. 锻炼（身体某部位）；使焦虑；使忧虑；实行；发挥（作用）；运用exercise作名词表“运动”时，通常为不可数名词；表“练习题；操”时，为可数名词。【举例】 Jane exercises a lot. She thinks walking is good exercise. 简锻炼很频繁。她认为步行是很好的运动。There are many exercises in the book. 这本书里有很多练习题。【学以致用】【学以致用】（）1._ do you go to the sports club? At least once a week. （2014苏州） A.How longB.How often C.How much D.How far（）2.The old man is well because he often _. A.exercisesB.sleeps C. drinks D.readsBA【2 2】What do you What do you usuallyusually do on weekends? do on weekends? 你周末通常做你周末通常做什么什么? ?【知识点】 usually和频度副词的用法。【讲解】 usually是频度副词，意为“通常”，相当于very often。【辨析】 常见的频度副词按频率上的差异依次为：always(总是)almost always(大多数)usually(通常)often(经常)sometimes(有时)hardly ever(几乎不)never(从不)。它们常用于一般现在时的句子中，放在情态动词、助动词、系动词之后，或者放在实义动词之前，可用来回答how often引导的问句。【举例】 She always gets up early.She gets up early all the time. 她总是早早起床。He hardly ever watches TV on school nights. 在上学的晚上他几乎不看电视。【学以致用】【学以致用】（）1.Tom is very heavy because he _ exercises but eats much junk food. A.often B.always C.never D.usually2. Lin Tao sometimes reads storybooks at home. (就画线部分提问)_ _ does Lin Tao read storybooks at home？CHowoften【3 3】How often do you watch it? How often do you watch it? 你多久看一次？你多久看一次？ TwiceTwice a week. a week. 一周两次。一周两次。【知识点】 英语中次数的表达方法。【讲解】 once， twice， three times这三个词都表示 “次数”。除了“一次”“两次”，其他的次数都表达成 “基数词times”。如：three times 三次，eight times 八次，time 在此表示“次数”，作为复数时要加s。 【拓展】 也可以用“次数+a/an+时间（单位）来表示频率。如：twice a week 一周两次，six times a month 一个月六次，ten times a year 一年十次。【举例】 Ive been there three or four times. 我去过那里三四次。My mother goes shopping twice a week. 我妈妈一星期购物两次。【学以致用】【学以致用】（）_ does he do sports? Three times a week. A.How many B.How often C.How long D.How soonB【4 4】I I havehave dance and piano lessons. dance and piano lessons. 我要上舞蹈课和钢我要上舞蹈课和钢琴课。琴课。【知识点】 have 的用法。【讲解】 have在此用作及物动词，意为“上课”。【举例】 Theyre having an English lesson. 他们正在上英语课。【学以致用】我每个星期六有一节钢琴课。(汉译英)_I have a piano lesson every Saturday.【5 5】He plays He plays at leastat least twice a week. twice a week. 他至少每周踢两次他至少每周踢两次（球）。（球）。【知识点】 at least 的用法。【讲解】 at least意为 “至少”，其中least为little的最高级，表示“最小；最少的”。【举例】 There are at least 1,500 students in our school. 我们学校至少有1500名学生。【学以致用】【学以致用】（）Tom likes playing soccer. He plays it _ twice a week. A.at last B.at least C.at once D.at allB口语无忧本单元我们学习如何谈论事情发生的频率以及如何使用频度副词。频度副词是每年中考的热点，我们也经常会询问他人“你多久做一次某事？”这样的问题。所以，现在让我们一起围绕“如何谈论事情发生的频率”这一话题并结合频度副词的使用展开口语练习吧！话题二如何结合频度副词谈论事情发生的频率话题二如何结合频度副词谈论事情发生的频率【1 1】 相关词组（请大声朗读以下词汇，看谁读得更标准地相关词组（请大声朗读以下词汇，看谁读得更标准地道）道）how often, exercise,help with housework, watch TV, stay up late, go to the movies, read books, wash the dishes, go shopping, use the Internet, favorite program, Animal World, always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never, once a day, twice a week, three times a month, at least four or five times a year【2 2】 你问我答你问我答A. 请运用下列句子与你的伙伴进行互问互答。A: What do you do on weekends?B: I usually watch TV. A: Watching TV is wonderful. So whats your favorite TV program？B: I like Animal World the best. A: Really? How often do you watch it?B: Well, I watch it once or twice a week. What about you？What do you do on weekends?A: I always.B. 再将句子中的画线部分替换为其他词汇，如将on weekends换为on vacation, 将usually watch TV换为sometimes go fishing等，然后进行更有创意的问答练习。【3 3】 情景说话情景说话假设你正在做一个关于你们班级学生课外活动及其频度的调查。你采访了班上的3名同学，并对采访结果进行了总结归纳。请根据你的调查结果向同学们做一个汇报演说。Report like this: I interviewd three classmates about their free time activities. Here is the result:Liu Hong is a soccer ball fan, and she likes watching soccer games on TV. She often does it on weekends. Her favorite soccer player is David Beckham. Li Ping enjoys reading. She usually reads on vacations. Her favorite book is Harry Potter. She says its a great book and Harry is very clever. She learns a lot from book reading. Jims hobby is playing computer games. His favorite game is called Angry Bird. He thinks its interesting and exciting. He plays it three or four times every weekend. I think the best way to.语法聚焦一般现在时一般现在时一、一般现在时的含义：一、一般现在时的含义：一般现在时：用来表示通常性、规律性、习惯性发生的动作或存在的状态。1. 一般现在时表示现在的状态。如：My father is a doctor. 我父亲是一位医生。2. 一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常和表示时间和频率的状语，如sometimes， often， usually， always， every day (year， month)， once a week等连用。如：Lily goes to school at 7:30 every day. 莉莉每天7点30分去学校。3. 一般现在时表示某人具备的性格、能力和爱好等。如：I like apples. 我喜欢苹果。4. 一般现在时表示客观事实和普遍真理。如：The earth moves around the sun. 地球围绕太阳转。二、一般现在时的谓语动词变化：二、一般现在时的谓语动词变化：当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即常在行为动词原形后加-s或-es；be动词则用is。当主语不是第三人称单数时，行为动词用原形；be动词用am或are。（注意：have的第三人称单数形式为has）1. 以行为动词为例肯定句: She often watches TV in the evening. 她经常晚上看电视。否定句(助动词dont/doesnt+行为动词原形):She doesnt often watch TV in the evening. 她晚上不常看电视。一般疑问句(把Do/Does提前,后加行为动词原形):Does she often watch TV in the evening? 她晚上经常看电视吗？肯定回答(Yes, sb.do/does): Yes, she does. 是的，她常看。否定回答(No, sb.dont/doesnt):No, she doesnt. 不，她不常看。2. 以be动词为例肯定句: Im always early. 我总是早到。否定句(在be动词后加not):Im not always early. 我并不总是早到。一般疑问句(把Is/Am/Are提前):Are you always early? 你总是早到吗？肯定回答(Yes, sb.is/am/are): Yes, I am. 是的，我是。否定回答(No, sb.is/am/are+not):No, I am not. 不，我不是。动词的第三人称单数形式规则变化动词的第三人称单数形式规则变化一般动词+-s,如：makemakes。以s,sh,ch,o,z,x结尾的动词+-es,如：washwashes，gogoes。以辅音字母加y结尾的动词改y为i再加-es,如：flyflies，crycries。以元音字母加y结尾的动词直接加-s，如：playplays。频度副词频度副词常见的频度副词有： always(总是，100%)，usually(通常，80%), often(经常，60%), sometimes(有时，20%40%)，seldom(很少，10%20%)，hardly(几乎不，0%5%)，never(从不，0%)，频度依次递减。还有一些短语也可以表示频度，如：twice a day, four times a week等。可用how often来询问频率。通常用于一般现在时，表示经常发生或习惯性的动作、现在的状态、客观存在的普遍真理等。频度副词通常放在动词前面，若句子里有情态动词、助动词或系动词be，则放在这类动词（第一个）的后面。sometimes=at times，有时候，用how often提问。some times则意为“数次/倍”(用how many times提问)。此时的time为可数名词，表示“次数；倍数”。some time 一段时间（用how long提问）。sometime某时(用when提问)。记忆窍门为：分开“一段时间”，相聚“某个时候”。hardly“几乎不”，表示否定概念,只能作副词。hardly ever为词组，意思与hardly一样。其中hard可以作副词，意为“努力地；猛烈地”，也可以作形容词，常表示“困难的”。如：Its always interesting to watch other people show their talents. 看别人展示他们的才华总是一件有趣的事。Why do people usually make resolutions? 为什么人们通常能做出决定？ The hardly ever watch TV. 他们几乎不看电视。When we watch movies about the future,we sometimes see robots. 当我们观看有关未来的电影时，我们有时候会看到机器人。由由howhow引导的疑问词组引导的疑问词组在本单元我们主要学习由how引导的疑问词。how意为“怎么；怎么样”,通常用来询问方式。How do you usually go to work? 你通常怎样去上班？I usually go to work by bus. /By bus. 我通常乘公交车去。/乘公交。由how引导的特殊疑问词组有很多:1. how old意为“多大”，用来询问年龄。2. how long意为“多久；多长时间”，用来提问时间长短，也可以用来提问物体的长度， 意为“多长”。3. how many意为“多少”，可以用来提问数量，后面加复数可数名词。4. how much意为“多少”，用来提问不可数名词的数量，还可以用来提问质量、价格或运算结果。5. how far意为“离有多远”，用来询问路程。6. how soon意为“多久；多快；过多久”，用来询问将来要发生的动作时间，常用“in+时间段”构成的时间状语来回答。7. how often意为“多久一次；多经常”，用来询问频率。8. how many times意为“多少次”，用来询问次数。【学以致用】【学以致用】一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式1. drink _2. go _3. work _4. make _5. stay _6. buy _7. have _8. fly _9. be _drinksgoesworksmakesstaysbuyshasfliesis10. copy _11. watch _12. study _13. cry _14. do _15. pass _16. eat _17. teach _18. try _copieswatchesstudiescriesdoespasseseatsteachestries二、用所给动词的适当形式填空二、用所给动词的适当形式填空1.I often _ (do) my homework after supper. But yesterday evening, I_ (watch)TV. 2.Daniel and Tommy _ (be) in Class One. 3.The old man _ (exercise) before breakfast every morning. 4.Nick _ (not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5._ (do)Alice _ (like) watermelons？dowatchedareexercisesdoesnt goDoeslike6._ you _(have) dance and piano lessons every day？7.There _ (be) some water in the bottle. 8.We _ (take) the subway five or six times a week. 9.They _ (have) the same hobby. 10.Lily often _ (read) English in the morning. Dohaveistakehavereads三、选词填空三、选词填空( (每词限用一次每词限用一次) )often, usually, always, sometimes, never, hardly1. Ill remember my grandma all the time. She is _ in my heart. 2. My sister _ gets up at six oclock， but she woke up very late today. 3. My daughter _ reads English in the morning, because she doesnt like it at all. 4. My brother cant surf， so he _ goes surfing. alwaysusuallyhardlynever5. I usually go to the club on Monday but _ on Wednesday. 6. How _ does he do sports?四、单项填空四、单项填空（）1._ is the computer？ Nearly $3,000. A.How muchB.How many C.How longD.How oftensometimesoftenA（）2. _ have you been learning English? I have been learning English for six years. A.How soonB.How long C.How often D.How far（）3._ will you come back？ In an hour. A.How longB.How often C.When D.How soonBD（）4._ people are there in your family？ Five. A.How far B.How much C.How many D.What（）5.I didnt even eat lunch today. Really? _? A.How are you B.How come C.How are you doing D.What about youCB
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