新标准大学英语 unit单词

Book 3 Unit 2Ar 1A. New words1. kaleidoscopen. a toy that shows changing patternsAs a metaphor, it means a view, situation or experience that keeps changing and has many different aspects.Work in pairs. Translate the following into Chinese.a. the kaleidoscope of the ages 时代的万花筒b. a kaleidoscope of colour and pattern 颜色和图案千变万化c. the kaleidoscope of life 人生的万花筒d. the kaleidoscope of illusions瞬息万变的幻觉2. flauntn. to deliberately try to make people notice something, eg your possessions, beauty, abilities etc, because you want them to admire youWork in pairs. Translate the following into Chinese.a. buy expensive services and products in order to flaunt your wealth购买昂贵的服务和商品以炫耀自己的财富b. The ill-bred woman flaunted her riches in public. 那位没有教养的妇人当众炫耀她的财富。3. droneWork in pairs. Match the sentences/phrases with the meanings.a continuous low noisethe drone of the aeroplanea type of male bee that does not do any workDrones dont work.an aircraft that does not have a pilot but is controlled from the groundA drone bomberBees drone.to make a continuous low sound4. barrenadj. without any interesting or positive features, dry and emptyWork in pairs. Match the Chinese translation of barren.a. barren or marginal farmland 荒芜、边远的农田b. writing of barren insight 缺乏洞察力的作品c. the barren, inhospitable desert那片贫瘠、荒凉的沙漠5. tagvt. to touch another player in some childrens gamesn. to fix a small piece of paper or other material to something to give information about itWork in pairs. Identify the part of speech in the sentences/phrases.1. Carol tagged Carl in the hide-and-seek. 2. a price tag 3. luggage tag 4. May I have your tag, please?5. All her suitcases have been tagged with her name and address.Verb: 1&5 Noun: 2,3,46. draftv. 1)(often passive, AmE) to conscribe someone into the army forces 征召（某人）入伍 2) to write sth. such as a legal document, speech, or letter that may have changes made to it before it is finished 起草，草拟（法律文件、演讲或信件）n. 1) sth. such as a plan, letter, or drawing that may have changes made to it before it is finished （计划、信件或绘画等的）草稿，草案 2) a system in which professional teams in some sports choose players each year from among college students 运动员选拔制（某些职业运动队每年在大学生中选拔新队员)Work in pairs. Translate the following into Chinese.1. draft resolution决议草案2. NBA draft NBA选秀3. To help her father and brother, Mulan was drafted. 为帮助父兄，木兰应征入伍4. That is my first draft of the dissertation. 那是我学位论文的初稿。 5. They are drafting a new constitution for the country. 他们正在为国家起草一部新宪法7. marvel at find sth. surprising and fascinatingWork in pairs. Translate the following into Chinese.1. We marvel at their tremendous achievements.我们惊叹他们取得的巨大成就。2. People marvel at the accuracy with which we have been able to diagnose their handwriting. 人们对我们能准确判断出他的笔迹而赞叹不已。8. set backa. (usu. passive) (of the building) not in the prominent positionb. to delay the process of someone or sth.Work in pairs and match the meanings.1. The spending cuts have set the research project back several years. b2. The lecture hall is set far back from the busy main road. a9. come into ones own a. to show how effective and useful one can beb. to take possession of what is rightfully ones own property Work in pairs and explain the meaning of the following sentences.1. Michael wrote successful novels before, but he really come into his own with the latest one. a2. The shop owners at last came into their own. b3. The scientific study of dreams has not yet come into its own. a10. bear a resemblance to to be similar toWork in pairs and translate the sentences.1. He bore a passing resemblance to the suspect.他与嫌疑犯长得略微有点相似。2. Most of the constellations actually bear little resemblance to the figures they are supposed to. 其实，大多数星座与它们被想象的形象之间仅仅稍微有些相似。Work in pairs and translate the collocations.bear much resemblance to 与很相似bear a markedresemblance to 与惊人地相似bear a physical resemblance to 与具有外形的相似之处bear a superficial resemblance to 与仅有表面相似Useful expressions1.民防图标设计 the Civil Defense signs2.那些精彩纷呈的日子the changing colors of those days3.历历在目 clear and definite4.黑幽幽的海水the darkening water5.夕阳将粉色的余晖洒在. the sunset flaunted its pink flag above6.浪涛的声音淹没在the sound of waves was lost in7.流星 the shooting stars8.我梦想斑斓的岁月 the days of my technicolor dreams9.在昏暗的暮色中 in the vague twilight10.慢慢进入梦乡 drift off to sleep11.在一阵惊吓中醒来 awake with a sudden shock12.每夜的太空冒险 the nightly adventures13.肩披随风飕飕作响的斗篷 with ones cape whistling in the wind14.当他的斗篷神奇地旋转时 in the magic whirling of his cape15.上百只海鸥的振翅声 the wings of a hundred seagulls16.上千架飞机的马达轰鸣声 the motors of a thousand planes17.超人的崇拜者the worshipper of Superman18.有点书呆子气的男孩a bookish boy19.飞行的纯粹的诗意the sheer poetry of flight20.光秃秃的铺着碎石的操场the barren gravel playground21.意外抓捕和快速解救的游戏surprise captures and sudden rescues22.一种虚幻的优越感a sense of windy superiority23.胆小怕事的男孩mamas boy24.教谢尔登怎么扮演他的角色prompt Sheldon in his part25.和隐姓埋名的超人长得特别像bear an extraordinary resemblance to Superman incognitoB。Language points1. grammar school n. C1) (AmE) a primary school 小学e.g. He almost certainly attended the Grammar School in the town, but we cannot be sure of this.几乎可以肯定他当时在镇上念小学，但对此我们没有绝对把握。 A grammar school is a slightly old-fashioned term for an elementary school in the US.2) (BrE) a school in the UK for children between the ages of 11 and 18 who have passed a special examination to be allowed to go there 文法学校（供11岁至18岁孩子上的学校，需通过特殊考试后方能获准进入）e.g. So many students gained entry to Oxford this year, which was pretty good going for a provincial Grammar School. 今年这么多学生考进了牛津大学。这对一个偏远的文法学校来说是相当大的进步。 In Britain a grammar school refers to a secondary school.2. Winthrop 温斯洛普（美国一地名） Winthrop is the town in Massachusetts, US, not far from Boston, and where Sylvia Plath spent most of her childhood. 3. I can recall the changing colors of those days, clear and definite as a pattern seen through a kaleidoscope.A kaleidoscope is a toy that shows changing patterns. It is made of a tube with mirrors and colored pieces of glass inside. The glass pieces move as you turn the kaleidoscope. As a metaphor, kaleidoscope means a view, situation or experience that keeps changing and has many different aspects.4. Civil Defense 民防系统 Civil defense orcivil protectionis an effort to protect the citizens of a state (generallynon-combatants) from military attack. It uses the principles ofemergency operations:prevention, mitigation, preparation, response, oremergency evacuation, and recovery. Civil Defense signs were signs which children in schools were encouraged to draw and which showed what to do in the event of a nuclear attack.5. definite a.1)(never before noun)very clear about what you say so that everyone understands you; (of a person) certain or sure about sth. 清楚的；清晰的；（人）确信的，肯定的1. Shes not definite about retiring from the game.她尚未表明是否退出比赛。2) clearly decided and specific 明确的；确切的We havent arranged a definite date for our visit yet.我们还没有安排访问的确切日期。6. and look over the lights of Boston that blazed and blinked far off across the darkening water.To blaze means to burn strongly and brightly. “The lights . that blazed and blinked” means the lights were bright and went on and off continuously, like the blinking of eyes.眺望黑幽幽的海水那边波士顿城明亮闪烁的灯光。7. The sunset flaunted its pink flag above the airport, and the sound of waves was lost in the perpetual droning of the planes. The sunset flaunted its pink flag means the pink color of the setting sun waslike a flag which the sun was using to try to make everyone notice and admire it. To drone means to make a continuous low sound. Because Logan is an international airport, the noise of the planes continued all the time. So it was perpetual.夕阳将粉色的余晖洒在机场上空，浪涛的声音永远淹没在一架架飞机永无休止的嗡嗡声中。perpetual a.continuing all the time; happening so often that you become annoyed as a result 无休止的；频繁（以致令人生厌）的1. Many people live in perpetual fear of losing their jobs.许多人老是生活在失业的恐惧中。2. We heard his perpetual noise in the room.我们听见他在房间里老是发出声音。8. marvel v. ( at / over)show or feel surprise or admiration(对)感到惊讶；钦佩1. We marvelled at the view that opened up before us. 我们对展现在面前的一片景色惊佩不已。2. Visitors to Rome marvel over the beauty of the city.来到罗马的游客无不惊叹于它的美丽。Word family: marvelousa.e.g. Never have we seen so marvelous landscape.我们从来没有见过如此美妙的风景。9. The airport was my Mecca, my Jerusalem.Mecca and Jerusalem are both considered holy cities. As places for pilgrimage they attract people from far and wide, so as metaphors they represent a significant goal or attractive destiny. 机场就是我的麦加，我的耶路撒冷。Mecca 麦加（沙特阿拉伯圣城，先知穆罕默德的诞生地）Mecca is a city in Saudi Arabia. It is the holiest city for Islam, where the Prophet Muhammad was born. More than 13 million Muslims visit Mecca annually. As a result, Mecca has become one of the most cosmopolitan and diverse cities in the Muslim world.Non-Muslims are prohibited from entering the city. Jerusalem 耶路撒冷（西南亚巴勒斯坦地区著名古城，伊兰教、犹太教和基督教的圣地）Jerusalem is a holy city and place of pilgrimage for Jews, Christians and Muslims. It is a symbolic centre for Jews. For Christians, this is the sacred city where Jesus lived, taught, died and was buried, and is believed to have been resurrected. For Muslims, this is the third holiest city (after Mecca and Medina) because theProphet Muhammad is believed to have had a miraculous journey to Jerusalem and from there made a journey to heaven.10. drift off: start to sleep开始入睡e.g. I was just drifting off when the phone rang.我正要睡着， 铃响了。11. breathless adj. breathing very fast and hard, for example after exercising; holding or as if holding the breath due to excitement or other strong feelings 呼吸急促的；气喘吁吁的；（由于激动或其他强烈的感情而）屏息的 1. She was breathless after running up the stairs. 跑上楼梯她就气喘吁吁了。2. The children are breathless as they watch the tightrope act.孩子们在看走绳索表演时都屏住了呼吸。Word family: breath n.12. Icarus Icarus refers to the Greek myth about Daedalus, a craftsmanwhobuilta labyrinth (maze) for King Minos, king of Crete. But the king put Daedalus and his son Icarus in prison. Daedalus made wings so that they could escape. However, Icarus flew so near the sun that the wax holding the feathers together melted and he fell to his death in the sea. Daedalus reached Sicily where he was considered the inventor of many tools for carpentry and techniques for ship-building. The Icarus story often represents the consequences of too much ambition he tried to fly too high.伊卡罗斯（希腊神话中巧匠Daedalus之子，与其父双双以蜡翼粘身飞离克里特岛，因飞得太高，蜡被阳光融化，坠爱琴海而死）13. whirl v. spin quickly in circles（使）飞旋；（使）旋转1. We watched the seagulls whirling and shrieking over the harbour. 我们看海鸥在港口上空盘旋鸣叫。2. It may whirl either clockwise or counterclockwise. 它可能顺时针方向或逆时针方向旋转。14. Out by the parking lot A parking lot is the American equivalent of a car park, British English. A lot in American English refers to a small area of land used for a particular purpose. 外面停车场15During recess, David and I came into our own. To come into ones own means to have the opportunity to show how good or useful someone is. Here the two children are good at imaginative play with Superman games.课间休息时，我和戴维可以大展身手了。recess n.1) C, U (AmE) a period between school lessons when students can eat, rest, or play 课间休息2) C a space in a room where part of a wall is further back than the rest of it 凹进处；壁龛e.g. You could create two groups of miniatures in the recesses on either side of the fireplace.你可以在壁炉两边的凹陷处创作两组缩微画。Word family：recession n. a period when trade and industry are not successful and there is a lot of unemployment （经济）衰退，萧条Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.We should concentrate on sharply reducing interest rates to pull the economy out of _. (CET4-2003-06-43) A) rejectionB) restriction C) retreatD) recession D16. Our Superman games made us outlaws An outlaw is a criminal, especially one who moves from place to place to avoid being caught. There are many famous stories of outlaws in Western culture, e.g. Robin Hood, Billy the Kid, Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, Ned Kelly etc. Here, the two children are outlaws because they play their imaginative games against the custom of other games like dodge-ball.课间超人游戏让我们变得像两个逃犯似的17. windy a.1) using a lot of long words to try to impress people but not really saying very much 浮夸的；夸夸其谈的I am not impressed by the politicians windy talk.政治家的夸夸其谈没有给我留下什么印象。2) with a lot of wind 刮大风的；多风的e.g. A feather floats about on the air, especially on a windy day. 羽毛会在空中四处飘动，尤其是在多风的天气。18. stand-in n. Csomeone or something that takes the place of another person or thing for a short time, especially in order to do their job while they are not available (某人或某物的)临时代替者1. The star had a stand-in for dangerous scenes.这个明星有一个替身来应付危险场景。2. Gilbert failed to find a stand-in and so could not go to the party. 吉尔伯特找不到代替他的人，也就去不了聚会了。19. the sallow mammas boy Mamma, mama, momma, mummy are childrens names for mother (mum). A mammas boy is one who depends too much on his mother and is not independent when he should be.一个脸色苍白、胆小怕事的孩子20. . skin his fat knees.To skin ones knees means to hurt ones knees by falling on a rough surface in a way that causes some skin to be removed. 擦伤他那胖胖的膝盖。21. prompt vt.1) encourage someone to speak or continue speaking 鼓励（某人说话或继续说下去）e.g. The speaker was rather hesitant and had to be frequently prompted by the chairman.那个发言人讲话结结巴巴的,经常得由主席来鼓励。2) (mainly journalism) cause sth. to happen or be done 导致；促使；促发e.g. News of the scandal prompted a Senate investigation.有关丑闻的消息促使参议院进行调查。22. torture n. Cextreme physical pain caused by someone or something, especially as a punishment or as a way to make someone say something 拷打；拷问；酷刑逼供1. The confession was made under torture. 屈打成招。2. The use of torture must disgust any civilized person. 施用酷刑必为文明社会的人所不齿。23. At the time my Uncle Frank was living with us while waiting to be drafted The draft means conscription into the armed forces for military service. People who are drafted are made tojoin the army, navy etc; they are conscripts or draftees not volunteers. 那时候，弗兰克舅舅住在我们家，等着参军24. incognito ad. using a false name, or changing your appearance so that you will not be recognized 隐名埋姓地；使用化名地1. He didnt want to be recognized, so he travelled incognito.他不想被人认出，所以出行时隐瞒了身份。2. The prince travelled incognito to avoid crowds and ceremonies. 王子微服旅行以避开人群及避免欢迎仪式。