人教版英语八年级下册 unit4知识清单.docx

人教版英语八年级下册unit4知识清单词汇短语Unit4范文背诵：How to keep good relationship with parents?Nowadays, parents may have high expectations of their children. They expect their children to go to good senior schools and universities and have a good future. They even hope their children can compete(竞争)and win .These expectations may cause them to push them so hard and dont allow their children to do what they like to do. Instead, they think the only job(that/which) their kids should do is studying and let their children take many after-school classes to learn exam skills, which may lead to misunderstanding and a generation gap. Do you know how to deal with this situation? Here is some advice for you to bridge the generation gap (消除代沟).First of all, try to put yourself in your parents5 shoes and try to understand your parents. Your parents offer you everything without expecting anything in return. You have no reason to argue with them. Second, we know that lack of communication is the cause of many problems. So try to communicate with them as often as you can to to have a better understanding of each other. You should explain to them that life shouldnt be just about grades. Free time activities like sports and hanging out with friends are important ,too. In addition, talk about your values(价值观)and true feelings. Tell your parents what you care about and why. Understanding what you really want might help them understand you better in life.Communication and love can make your family more harmonious. A good relationship with your parents can make you be a better and happier person!重要词汇：1. allow:v.允许；准许 allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事sb. be allowed to do sth.某人被允许做某事;allow doing sth允许做某事 ；allow for sb/sth考虑到。把。计算在内allowable adj.允许的；容许的；allowance n.津贴，补助；We dont allow(smoke) here.My parents dont allow me(hang) out with my friends at night.In our school, students(allow) to use the mobile phones.2. learn to deal with the problem by yourself 学会自己处理这个问题argue:争论；争吵argue with sb. about /over sth.为某事与某人争吵They are always arguingeach othermoney.他们彼此总是为钱争吵。for/against sth/doing sth 论据 ；论证 They d for the rights of women.argue（动词）areument（名词）:争吵 have an argument with sb abou/over sth 与某人争吵；& 论据 strong s for/against.拓展：quarrel n have a with sb/ between A and B&v 争吵（-quarrelled &quarreled-） with sb. about/over sth.3. elder: adj.年纪较长的 elder sister/brother 姐姐/哥哥elder son/daughter 大儿子/女儿Mybrother is two yearsthan me.我哥哥 比我大两岁。4. offer: v.主动提出；自愿给与 offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb.主动把某物给某人 offer to do sth（主动） 提出做某事The boy offered his seatan old lady on the crowded bus.The boy always offers（help） peopletrouble.5. communicate:v.交流；沟通 communicate with sb （better）与.（更好地）.沟通I often communicatemy friendsletter.communicate（v.）一communication（n. talk ） have a communication with sb .6. proper: adj.正确的； 恰当的 proper（adj.）-properly（adv.） plan time properly 反义词：improperWe should solve the problem in a proper way.我们应该用恰当的方式解决这个问题。7. clear （adj.清楚的；晴朗的）-clearly （adv.清楚地）a clear day, you can see the top of the mountain.He explained it to me（clear）.8. return: n.&v I叫来；I口I去；返回 return sth to sb.= return sb. Sth=give sth back to sb.把某物归还给某人return to + 地/点=get back to+地，点return to school=get back to school return home=get back home9. compete: v.竞争；对抗 compete with/against sb.与某人竞争 compete for 为夺取比赛；The two competitors will competeeach otherthe champion.Lots of studentsthe English speech, ACT, last week.名词形式：competition。!/at the）竞争；比赛 competitor对手competitive adj.竞争的;有竞争力的；compare: v.比较；对tL; compare A with B :将A和B比较（强调同类相比，发现不同之处） compare A to B:把A比作B（强调异类相比，说明两个事物的相同之处）Compare this bagthat one and you will find which one is better.People often compare the childrenflowers.comparison n.比较；对比；相比 comparative adj.比较的；相比的；比较而言的；比较级的continue:v.继续存在；相当于go on 短语有：continue to do/ doing sth.继续做某事 he is very tired, he still continues working/to work.1. The rain continued/(fall) all afternoon.(这场雨一下午都下个不停。)LeTs continueour discussion. (.继续讨论continue with sth. ” 继续做某事)continuous adj.不断的；持续的；连续的 continuously adv.10. crazy: adj.疯狂狂热；疯狂的 be crazy about sth.:热衷于； 迷恋于 crazily adv. craziness n.(他4两个者K不)are crazy about computer games. Instead, they like reading books.11. type n&v 类型；打字 typical adj.典型的15.提建议的常用句型：1)Why don5t you do.?Why dont you go and ask your teacher?2)Why not do .?Why ask your teacher for help ?3)Lefs do sth./Lefs not do sth.Lefs help them carry the box.4)What/ How about (doing )sth?What/How about going swimming?5)Would you like/love to do sth.?Would you like to go to the movies with us?6)Youd better do sth./YouM better not do sth.Youd better go to hospital at once.16. instead; instead of ; rather thaninstead adv.代替；顶替；反而;只能单独使用。可位于句首,连接上下句，也可位于句末。instead of是介词短语， 而不是，+n/pron/doing翻译：你不应该放弃，相反地，你应该尽你最大的努力来把它漂漂亮亮地完成。You shouldnt give up, instead, you should try your best to finish it well.你应该尽力完成它而不是放弃。You should try your best to finish it instead of giving up.注意： He often walks here instead of driving here. =He often walks here rather than drives here rather than是一个并列连词，would rather do.than do.句式，意思是“宁愿而不愿，=prefer to do sth rather than do sthShed rather die than lose the children.她宁愿死也不愿失去孩子们。1. rather than不与would连用时，表示客观事实，意为“是而不是；与其倒不如说”。它是连词，它前后的成分在词性上应该一致，它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短 语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。现分述如下： 连接两个名词或代词He is an explorer rather than a sailor.与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个 探险者。注意：rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的名词或 代词在人称和数上保持一致。(2) 连接两个形容词The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap.与其说她买的这件羊毛衫 便宜不如说它漂亮。(3) 连接两个介词(短语)或动名词 We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall. 我们是在教室里开会，不是在大厅里。She enjoys singing rather than dancing.她喜欢唱歌，而不喜欢 跳舞。 连接两个分句 We should help him rather than he should help us.是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该 帮助我们。(5)连接两个不定式I decided to write rather than (to) telephone.我决定写信而不打电话。17. Whatever=no matter what, pron.任何，无论如何。不管什么(l)r 11 believe you whatever you say. (2) Whatever she did was right.18. . deal n.交易make a deal with sb 与某人交易；a great deal of修饰不可数名词，大量的&v. (dealt-deal) deal with sb/sth 解决,对付；Although she is wrong, itM not a biz(没什么大不 了的).How do youthe problem? (v.处理，应对)= what do you do about.?18. explain: v.解释；说明；阐明explain to sb what/how. She ed to them what to do in an emergency.explain sth to sb: Ill the rules of the game to you.what/how . That doesnt why you didnt phone.It is /was ed that.所给的解释是；onself/myself注意：没有sb sth(x)explanation: n. offer/provide an (for sth/doing sth.)给予解释；without 未做解释I cant think of any possible fbr his absence缺席)She didnt give an adequate(充分白勺)for being late.19. push :n&v.推动(人或物)；移动(身体部位)；推进 push sb so hard=put too much pressure on sb 对。 施加过多的压力push off离开;离去push on继续前进沿着某人的路继续或前进push sth over推翻 push ahead 继续进行；push back 反对，抵制，推迟；push yourself/sb forward 突显；使。引 人注目pushy adj.执意强求的push +sth+adj She pushed the door open;push+ones way through ( 穿过。/ to (至U。 o o ) /.Try push your way through the crowd.Push sb to do sth : No one pushed you to take the job.没有人推着你接受这工作。push sb/oneself 鞭策，督促Its like a big, black cloud hanging over our family.hang v. 悬挂； 垂下 (hung-hung) She hung her washing out in the garden, hang out/about (with sb)闲逛， 闲荡 They are always hanging out in the street, hang叩挂断电话hang sth out把。挂在外面hang over 挂在.之上, 悬浮在.之上; 威胁 A great danger will hang over him.hang on等一会儿；稍等；(面对困难或阻力)坚持不懈，;hang on to.紧握；牢牢抓住hang.on. 把。o o挂在。o o上hang v.吊死; 绞死,(hanged-hanged) In the old days, many people were hanged.How to lower our stress?Its not easy fbr everybody to live in the modem society. Because we may meet different problems that we cant imagine any minute now. Ifs true that the stress always comes with the problems together. But we cant always be under too much pressure. Its really bad fbr our body and mind. So its very useful to know some effective ways to lower our stress.First of all, we can tell problems to the people who we trust, like our parents or close friends. No matter what happens to us, tell them about it. They will cheer us ip and give us proper ways to work it out at the same time. Whats more, we should do something that we like to lower our pressure. I totally agree that life shouldn*t just be about grades or work. We need some free time to do activities we enjoy. This helps us relax and be healthier. In addition, we can also travel to somewhere beautiful and peaceful to release our pressure.Anyway, I hope that everyone can deal with your problems well. Dont turn them into stress.