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2020年精编人教版英语资料B卷能力素养提升【说明】本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) AOver the years, the recommendations of my friend Philip have led me to work with three of my favorite clients (客户). I am certain that my relationships with these three clients have helped me meet many other wonderful people. Needless to say, I owe Philip a lot. Without him, these relationships wouldnt have happened.Philip is bright, friendly, and inspiring. Sometimes his ideas pay off in a huge way. He is very successful. But this brilliant, creative, friendly man has a bit of difficulty when it comes to small commitments. These little behaviors are annoying things lastminute cancellations, missed phone calls, and the like. While they do trouble my life a little bit, its nothing really major that would make me back out of the relationship. Philip always apologizes for these minor defects. I always accept his apology. When I take all the good things and weigh them against the times hes let me down, he is so far ahead that he gets a “lifetime pass”. And, I tell him so. When I do, he feels good and I feel better for forgiving him. To this day, we are friends. I am his friend because when I consider someones actions, I ask myself, “Am I better off or worse off because of having this person in my life？”With Philip, the answer has always been, and will always be, in his favor. Philip has been such a good friend and having him in my life has been such a good thing that I am grateful. This will always override (忽略) any of his “negative” behaviors. Thats a lifetime pass. How many people do you have in your life to whom you have given a lifetime pass? Is the number high or low in your opinion? Most people want a higher number.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了“我”的朋友Philip的优缺点以及他在“我”的生活中所起的作用。1Why does the writer owe Philip a lot?ABecause Philip has never troubled him as a good friend.BBecause Philip has solved many of his annoying problems.CBecause Philip has helped him meet many wonderful people.DBecause Philip has offered him many good ideas that work well.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句“Over the years, the recommendations . meet many other wonderful people.”可知，因为Philip，“我”遇到了许多极棒的人。故答案选C。2Which of the following can best describe Philip?AEvery dog has its day.BAll that glitters is not gold.CThere are spots even on the sun.DA friend in need is a friend indeed.解析：选C推理判断题。A项意为“凡人都有得意日”；B项意为“闪光的不都是金子”；C项意为“人无完人”；D项意为“患难之交才是真朋友”。根据第二段中的“Philip is bright . missed phone calls, and the like.”可知，Philip有优点也有缺点。由此可推知，人无完人。故答案选C。3What does the underlined word “defects” in Para. 2 mean?APraise that you give to someone for something they have done.BA fault or a lack of something that means that something is not perfect.CSomething that you wear to change your appearance and hide who you are.DA very strong feeling that almost makes you sick, caused by something unpleasant.解析：选B词义猜测题。根据第二段“These little behaviors are annoying things lastminute cancellations, missed phone calls, and the like.”以及本词所在的句子可知，他总是为这些小缺点道歉。所以defect意为“瑕疵，缺点”。故答案选B。4Whats the best title for the text?AThanks and ApologizesBA Higher Number for Most PeopleCA Good Friends Negative BehaviorsDMy Friend Philip and the Lifetime Pass解析：选D标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，文章主要讲述了“我”的朋友Philip在“我”的生活中所起的作用。D项概括了文章主旨。故答案选D。BHybrid cars (混合动力车) are cars that run on petrol and electricity. They have a small standard petrol engine and a battery electric motor to provide electric power.There are some differences between different models of hybrid cars, but the general principle is that the car runs on petrol, and the electric motor kicks in when additional power is required, for example, when going uphill or accelerating. In some hybrid cars the petrol engine turns itself off when not needed, for example when the car has stopped at traffic lights, keeping only the electric engine running.Conventional cars have large engines to deal with driving uphill and accelerating. Hybrid cars have much smaller petrol engines, improved by electric motors when needed, so they use less petrol. Another way that fuel consumption is cut is by a system of “regenerative (再生的) braking”. The electric motor is used to slow down the car, rather than conventional brakes. The energy produced by slowing the car is changed into electrical power, which is automatically stored in the battery. In effect, the battery recharges when you brake. In conventional cars the energy produced when braking is wasted.In 1928, Ferdinand Porsche built an experimental hybrid car. The first massproduced hybrid car, the Toyota Prius, came out in Japan at the end of 1997. However, hybrid cars became available in the USA only in 1999. As they use less fuel, hybrid cars are cheaper to run. There are also many voices in place to encourage people to buy them. In some countries, hybrid car owners pay a lower rate of tax, and dont have to pay on certain roads. In some cities, hybrid cars are allowed to park for free.语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。文章介绍了以汽油和电为动力的混合动力车，它是一种节约能源的汽车。5Hybrid cars consume less energy than conventional cars because hybrid cars have _.Alarge engines to deal with acceleratingBconventional brakes to slow down the carCno energy consumption when stoppingDelectric power to assist when needed解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Hybrid cars have much smaller . use less petrol.”可知，混合动力车必要时有电力支持，所以消耗较少的能源。6In regenerative braking, _.Athe conventional brakes are used to slow down the carBenergy wasted in conventional cars is stored in the batteryCthe battery charges itself when the car is acceleratingDthe petrol engine is usually turned off automatically解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段可知，混合动力车用电动马达减速而不是用传统的刹车，电动马达降低车速时产生的电能会被自动储存在电池里，而传统汽车浪费了刹车时产生的能量，由此可知B项表述正确。7From the last paragraph we can learn that hybrid cars _.Awill gain more popularityBwere first available in the USACfree their owners from taxDare free to park anywhere in the city解析：选A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“As they use less fuel, hybrid cars . for free.”可推知，使用混合动力车有很多好处，所以混合动力车会很受欢迎。8The main purpose of this text is to _.Ashow how hybrid cars slow downBencourage people to buy hybrid carsCinform people of a kind of energysaving carDexplain why hybrid cars use less energy解析：选C写作意图题。本文主要介绍了一种节约能源的车混合动力车，故应选择C。CComplete the following sentence：“You go to the library to check out .？” The obvious answer is “books”But a harder question might be, “What do we mean by books？” Nowadays, electronic books, or “ebooks”， have become more and more popular in American society.The biggest online bookseller Amazon, for example, recently announced that less than four years after introducing them to its catalog, it is now selling more electronic versions of its book titles than printed ones.Last week, Pew Internet Project released a survey about the use of ebooks by library customers.It found that 12% of Americans aged 16 and older who read ebooks say they had borrowed at least one from a library within the past year.But the survey found that the broader public, including 58% of those who have library cards and 53% of people who own electronic book readers, are not aware that they can find and check out ebooks from public libraries, even though three quarters of the libraries offer that service.Pew Internet Project director Lee Rainie noted that ebook borrowing is becoming more popular at the same time that publishers, who are selling plenty of ebooks and fewer hardcopy editions, are worried that free ebook checkouts at the library will hurt sales.In February, for example, the big publisher Penguin Books stopped supplying new ebooks and audio books to libraries.Penguin just reached an agreement to resume supplying one big library system in New York City but not until six months after new titles are released.That way, those who want the latest books will have to buy them.So things are a little murky (阴暗的) in the library world when it comes to electronic books.More and more customers want them, but publishers are giving the libraries a hard time about offering them.Demand is not the problem.Supply may soon be.9What is the function of the two questions in the first paragraph?ATo introduce the topic of the passage.BTo stress the popularity of ebooks.CTo show what the author cares about.DTo remind us of the change at the library.解析：选A推理判断题。从第一段的两个问题和文章的内容可知，通过第一段的两个问题，作者引出了自己即将在文章中讨论的话题，故选A项。10According to Paragraph 2, what can we know about Amazon?AIt has sold ebooks for five years.BIts ebooks are cheaper than printed books.CIt has the best ebooks among all libraries.DIts ebooks sell better than printed books.解析：选D细节理解题。从第二段中的“it is now selling more electronic versions of its book titles than printed ones”可知它的电子书比纸质书畅销。11We know from the survey done by Pew Internet Project that _.Afew library customers know how to read ebooksBthe promotional effort at ebook readers is not big enoughClibrary customers should be reminded about the ebook serviceDmore library cards should be offered to readers free of charge解析：选C细节理解题。从第三段的内容可知，很多人还不知道他们可以在图书馆里借阅电子书，因此图书馆应该多推广电子书的借阅，故选C项。12Why did Penguin Books NOT supply new ebooks to libraries?ABecause they are not allowed to offer ebooks.BBecause they wanted to increase the sales of printed books.CBecause they didnt want their ebooks to be copied.DBecause their products were not welcomed there.解析：选B细节理解题。从第四段的“free ebook checkouts at the library will hurt sales”和“That way, those who want the latest books will have to buy them.”这两句话可知，Penguin Books 停止向图书馆提供电子书是为了保证纸质书的销售，故选B项。DYou know how wonderful you are, and you know that others know how wonderful you are, but what do you do when admiration crosses over the line into jealousy (嫉妒)? For most teens there will come a day when you realize that one of your friends is jealous and that this jealousy is hurting your friendship. When this happens it can seem like there is nothing that you can do, but the good news is that there is. Dont let jealousy spoil your friendship. Deal with it confidently and you might be back to normal much sooner than you think.It can be hard to walk up to a friend and ask them what the problem is, but if you want to save your friendship youll have to do just that. Dont approach them and ask why they are jealous of you unless of course you want to appear totally conceited (逞能的), just take some time alone with them and let them know that youve been feeling like theres been something coming between you. If they refuse to respond, then use the opportunities to explain how you have been feeling. Chances are that something you say will strike a nerve and your friend will open up as well.When you figure out what is annoying your friend, ask him or her what (s)he thinks would make the situation better. If, for example, (s)he says that (s)he feels like (s)he doesnt get to spend any time with you because of your being off with your new friends from the swim team then maybe you could invite him or her along the next time or block off one day a week for just the two of you. Remember, though, that whatever solution you decide on should be a compromise. Dont limit your own talents or opportunities simply because your friend is unhappy. Try instead to include him or her in your new life and see how that works out.Even the best of friendships can be ruined by jealousy. This destructive emotion is rarely productive and can turn best friends into worst enemies. Before taking extreme action, chat with your jealous friend to see if the two of you can work out a compromise. If you cant, be prepared to know exactly how far you will go to keep your friend and how far you wont.语篇解读：本文是关于人际关系的话题。尤其是青少年朋友之间会因为嫉妒而使相互间的友谊被破坏，本文着重讲述如何处理被朋友嫉妒及处理过程中可能遇到的困难。13What does the author intend to tell us in paragraph 2?AHow to solve the problem of jealousy.BWhy we need to solve the problem of jealousy.CHow to explain your jealousy to your friends.DWhy it is hard to deal with the problem of jealousy.解析：选A段落大意题。本段内容主要讲的是处理有嫉妒心朋友的方法，据此判断答案选A。14What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?ATheres always a solution to solve the problem of jealousy.BJealousy can turn best friends into worst enemies.CYou may lose a friend to keep your own gifts, chances or selfdevelopment.DYou should go a long way with your friend to work out a solution.解析：选C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后两句“Dont limit your own talents .that works out.”可知。15This passage is mainly intended for _.Afemale readers BstudentsCteenagers Dbest friends解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“For most teens there will come a day when you realize that one of your friends is jealous and that this jealousy is hurting your friendship.”中的关键词 teens可知答案是C。.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)Benefits of Summer Camps for KidsSummer camps are great for children of all ages. If you went to a summer camp as a child, you are likely to have good memories of things you did and people you met. With more and more children sitting inside playing computer games, the importance of camps has never been greater. _16_Getting in touch with nature is an exciting experience. _17_ They will enjoy the experiences of camping, hiking and exploring in forests, deserts or on the seashore. They can also enjoy the beauty of nature and learn about the importance of environmental protection.Activities at summer camps stress the importance of teamwork. _18_ Throughout life, people have to be comfortable operating as part of a team in order to be successful. Summer camps teach kids how to be productive members of a team._19_ Whether they are afraid of heights, water, the dark or being away from home, they are encouraged to face them and deal with them in an environment surrounded by supportive people. _20_ It is also a valuable life lesson that will help them through adulthood.Summer camps are perfect ways for kids to have fun and develop themselves. So parents should try to find out what interests their kids, and choose the right camp for them.AKids can make friends there.BMany activities there are designed to stress it.CKids can learn about the natural world at camps.DSo kids gain courage and confidence by challenging themselves.EIn fact, staying healthy is not the only benefit kids can get from it.FLearning to live on their own may be an extremely hard lesson for kids.GHaving the courage to face fears is another skill kids can learn at camps.答案：1620ECBGD.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)Shortly after I started out as a professional baseball player in the TriState League, I was fired. “Frank，” the manager said _21_， “whatever you do after you leave here, put some _22_ and enthusiasm into your work！” Well, that was the _23_ thing I expected him to say.A week later, _24_， I was introduced to the New Haven. My first day here will always _25_ in my memory as a great event in my life. No one knew me in the league, so I was _26_ to make myself the most enthusiastic ball player theyd ever seen. From the minute I _27_ on the field, I acted like a man electrified. And I acted as if I were alive with a million _28_. My biggest thrill came the following morning _29_ I read in the New Haven newspaper: “This _30_ player, Frank, has a barrel (桶) of enthusiasm. He _31_ our boys. They looked better than at any time this season.” The newspaper began _32_ me the life of the team.Within two weeks, enthusiasm took me from $250 a month to $1,850 a month it _33_ my income by 700 percent! Two years after that, I was _34_ third base for the St. Louis and multiplied my income by thirty times. Enthusiasm _35_ did it; nothing but enthusiasm.Enthusiasm is by far the highest paid _36_ on earth. It helps you become more successful, and _37_ a healthier, richer and happier life. “To become enthusiastic act enthusiastically.” Put this rule into _38_ for thirty days and be prepared to see astonishing _39_. It may easily change your entire life. Can you acquire enthusiasm or must you be born _40_ it? Certainly you can acquire it! 语篇解读：本文讲述的是一位职业垒球运动员的故事。退役后，他充满热情地投入到新的工作中，继续自己的事业，并获得成功。把热情付诸于行动就会见到令人惊讶的结果。21A.carefullyBcasuallyCquickly D.firmly解析：选D考查副词。carefully“仔细地”；casually“随便地，偶然地，临时地”；quickly“快速地”；firmly“坚定地，坚决地，坚固地”。根据上句“我被解雇了”可知经理坚定地说：你离开这里之后无论做什么，把一些活力和热情放进你的工作！故选D。22A.curiosity Blife C.experience Dpleasure解析：选B考查名词。curiosity“好奇心”；life“活力”；experience“经验”；pleasure“快乐”。句意：把一些活力和热情放进你的工作！故选B。23A.proper BotherC.last Donly解析：选C考查形容词。句意：那是我最不期盼他说的。故选C。24A.meanwhile BthereforeC.otherwise D.however解析：选D考查副词。meanwhile“与此同时”；therefore“因此”；otherwise“否则”；however“然而”。句意：然而，一周后我被介绍去了the New Haven。故选D。25A.give out Bkeep upC.stand out Dlook up解析：选C考查动词短语。give out“分布，放出”；keep up“保持高涨”；stand out“突出”；look up“向上看，查阅”。句意：作为我生活当中一件大的事情，在我记忆中我在这里的第一天是突出的。故选C。26A.determined B.delightedCexcited D.moved解析：选A考查动词。句意：我下决心使我成为他们见过的最热情的棒球运动员。故选A。27A.glanced Bappeared Cqueued Dcheered解析：选B考查动词。句意：我从出现在场地的那一刻，就像一个带电的人。故选B。28A.batteries B.machinesCplayers D.balls解析：选A考查名词。句意：我表现得好像带着一百万电池，充满活力。故选A。29A.till BbeforeCwhen Dthough解析：选C考查状语从句。句意：我最兴奋的是第二天早上，当我读报纸的时候。故选C。30A.healthy BpopularCfamiliar D.new解析：选D考查形容词。句意：这名新选手充满极大的热情。故选D。31A.inspiredBsatisfiedCupsetDdisappointed解析：选A考查动词。根据上句：这名新选手充满极大的热情。可知这里的意思是：他鼓舞了我们男孩们。故选A。32A.showingBcallingC.giving D.bringing解析：选B考查动词。句意：报纸开始把我称为团队的生命。故选B。33A.included B.madeCtookDincreased 解析：选D考查动词。句意：我的收入增长了700%，故选D。 34A.introducingBleavingC.playing Dstarting解析：选C考查动词。句意：我为圣路易斯打三垒并且我的收入增加了30倍。故选C。35A.alone B.onceCalsoDindeed解析：选A考查副词。句意：只有热情做到了它。故选A。36A.reputation BqualityC.themeDprofession解析：选B考查名词。reputation“名声”；quality“质量”；theme“主题”；profession“职业”。句意：热情是迄今为止地球上薪酬最高的品质。故选B。37A.change BenjoyCspoilDadmire解析：选B考查动词。句意：它帮助你变得更加成功，享受更健康、更富有、更幸福的生活。故选B。38A.field B.memoryCactionDidea解析：选C考查名词。句意：把这种规则付诸行动30天。故选C。39A.efforts B.eventsCfactorsDresults解析：选D考查名词。句意：把这种规则付诸行动30天，并准备看看令人惊讶的结果。故选D。40A.with B.inCwithoutDat 解析：选A考查介词。句意：你能获得热情吗？你生来就有热情吗？故选A。.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)Restaurants in Europe, the United States and Japan are testing technology to let diners order their food _41_ (direct) from a screen at their table instead of depending _42_ a waiter to note their choice.The “emenu” can attract younger customers and make diners want to order _43_.In Israel, a company has already used _44_ emenu technology in its sushi bars (寿司店), pubs and family restaurants. The system is based on touch screens already used in selfservice canteens (自助餐厅) or for _45_ (sell) tickets in airports and cinemas.“Its about impulsebuying (冲动消费)，” said Adi, the companys chief manager.“_46_ a person starts looking at pictures of chocolate cake, the chances are hell order _47_.The company has also supplied its systems to restaurants in France, South Africa and Belgium.Frame, a fashionable sushi restaurant _48_ has used the system said sales on tables with the emenu _49_ (increase) by about 11 percent. “Customers often call ahead to arrange for places _50_ (equip) with the screens，” manager Edry told reporters.“Its more visual (视觉的)，” said a customer. “We can still choose, and we can still argue but its much easier when you can all see it.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。“电子菜单”正走进餐馆，“直观的视觉感受”吸引了更多食客，他们点的菜肴也更多了，快来感受一下吧。41directly修饰词order应用direct的副词形式directly。42on而不是“依赖”服务员来记录他们的选择。depend on“依靠，依赖”。43more考查比较级。显然电子菜单可以让食客点的菜更多。
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