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高中语法综合高中语法综合复习全解复习全解 Find ways to praise your children often, _ youll find they will open their hearts to you. (2011山东山东)A. tillB. orC. andD. but【解析解析】分析前后分句逻辑关系，是条件分析前后分句逻辑关系，是条件或假设关系，而且或假设关系，而且“祈使句祈使句+ and /or / otherwise”固定句型所以选固定句型所以选C。练练 习习 Bring the flowers into a warm room _ theyll soon open. (2011辽宁辽宁)A. or B. and C. but D. for【解析解析】固定句型祈使句固定句型祈使句+and/or+简单简单句。根据题意，应为顺承关系。句意为：句。根据题意，应为顺承关系。句意为：把花带到一个温暖的房间，它们很快就会把花带到一个温暖的房间，它们很快就会开花。开花。连词连词是一个虚词，不能在句中担任一个成分。是一个虚词，不能在句中担任一个成分。它的作用是用来连接词与词，短语和短语以及它的作用是用来连接词与词，短语和短语以及句与句。连词常可使句子与句子联系比较紧凑，句与句。连词常可使句子与句子联系比较紧凑，因而使上下文更加连贯。还有许多连词可以引因而使上下文更加连贯。还有许多连词可以引起各种从句。起各种从句。连词主要可以分为两大类：连词主要可以分为两大类：从属连词从属连词 主要引起一个从句，如各种状语从主要引起一个从句，如各种状语从句句, that, whether等从属连词引起的名词从句。等从属连词引起的名词从句。并列连词并列连词 主要连接互不依从的分句，有时连主要连接互不依从的分句，有时连接两个并列的词或短语。接两个并列的词或短语。引起时间从句的连词：引起时间从句的连词：when, while, as, before, after, until/till, since, whenever等等Her father died when she was young.While Im writing this, you can be doing something else.He rose as she entered.It was a long time before I got to sleep again.Ill tell them after you leave.I have lived here since I was a child.I go to the movie whenever I get the chance.注：注： (1) 一些其他类型的时间从句。一些其他类型的时间从句。He felt nervous each/every time she spoke to him.He started as soon as he received the news.Hardly/Scarcely had she arrived when he started complaining.He felt a thrill the moment he got into the theatre.Immediately the meal was over, he switched on the radio.(2) 从句中有时成分会省略。从句中有时成分会省略。When (you are) at Rome do as the Romans do.Use the simple verb whenever possible.He had an accident while on his way here.While yet a youth, he gained a prize in poetic contest.(3) before, after, since, till 后也可跟名词或后也可跟名词或动名词，不过这时它们是用作介词。动名词，不过这时它们是用作介词。引起条件从句的连词：引起条件从句的连词：if, unless, supposing 等等Youll forgive me if I have given you pain.You will fail unless you work hard.Supposing she doesnt come, what shall we do?注：注：(1)条件从句可有其他形式：条件从句可有其他形式：As long as youre happy, it doesnt matter what you do.I dont care so long as she lets me go there.In case I forget, please remind me about it.He will do the work providing you pay him.(2) 有些条件从句也可省略某些成分。有些条件从句也可省略某些成分。If necessary, ring me at home.He would never do this unless compelled.In case of fire, ring the bell.(3) 有些状语从句介乎条件从句与让步从句有些状语从句介乎条件从句与让步从句之间。如：之间。如：The moon is a moon still whether it shines or not.Whoever you are, you cant pass this way.引起目的从句的连词：引起目的从句的连词：in order that, so that, so, that, lest, for fear (that), in case等等In order that you may go out, I will leave you $50.I hired a boat so that I could go fishing.Ill show you so you can see how its done.Bring it closer that I might see it better.He spoke in whispers lest the servants should hear him.Shut the window for fear (that) it may rain.Take your coat in case it rains/should rain.注：注：这类从句有时可以改成某种短语：这类从句有时可以改成某种短语：Rose walked with care in order not to spread the dirt.We picked apples so as to make a pie.Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby.Shut the window for fear of rain.The wall was built along the river in case of floods.引起结果从句的连词：引起结果从句的连词：主要有主要有so that, such that (口语中口语中that可省略可省略)。It was so dark that they couldnt see each others faces.So bright was the moon that the flowers were bright as by day.It gives him such a shock that his face turned white.I am so busy I have no time to write a letter.There was such a draught, it is no wonder he caught a cold.注注: (1) so that 也可引起结果从句，也可引起结果从句， “因此因此”My pencil fell under my desk, so that I couldnt see it.One of her lungs is infected a little so that she has to rest.(2) So 也引起这类从句，表示也引起这类从句，表示“所以、因此所以、因此”You told me to do it so I did it.The play began at eight, so they must dine at seven.引起原因从句的连词：引起原因从句的连词：主要有主要有because, as, since:He distrusted me because I was new.As you are sorry, Ill forgive you.Since weve no money, we cant buy it.还有一些表示原因的从句可以由还有一些表示原因的从句可以由 seeing (that), considering (that), now that等引起：等引起：He has done well to pass his exams, seeing he has been ill a lot.Considering hes only been learning English a year he speaks it very well.Now that you have come you may as well stay.引起让步从句的连词：引起让步从句的连词：although, though, even though/if , while等：等：Although (he is) still young he has knowing a lot.The speech is good, though it could be better.Even though its hard work, I enjoyed it.He felt all this, even if he didnt find phrases to express it.While we dont agree we continue to be friends.下列句子中的从句也是让步从句：下列句子中的从句也是让步从句：Exhausted though she was, there was no hope of her being able to sleep.Much as he admired her looks and her manners, he had no wish to marry her.Try as he might, he couldnt lift the stone.Well carry on the work whether we could get the machines we need.However much they may desire it they cant express the sympathetic feelings.引起方式从句的连词：引起方式从句的连词：as, like, as if, as though, the way:I have changed it as you suggest.As you know, she wasnt much at writing.Do it like he does.I love you as if you were my children.She closed her eyes as though she too were tired.Joyce looked at me the way a lot of girls did.I was never allowed to do things the way I wanted to do them.引起地点从句的连词：引起地点从句的连词：where, wherever, everywhereTake him where it is quiet.Wherever he goes, Ill go.Everywhere I go, I find the same thing.引起比较从句的从属连词：引起比较从句的从属连词：主要是主要是than, asYou sing better than he does.It is easier than I thought.I myself felt as badly as he did.They are as firm as one could expect.引起名词从句引起名词从句(包括主语从句、宾语从句等包括主语从句、宾语从句等)的连词主要有的连词主要有that, whether, if 等：等：That Shelley became a poet may have been due to his mothers influence. He telephoned her that he wanted to see her.Your greatest fault is that you are careless.I have a feeling that our team is going to win.I dont know whether you like flowers.I wonder if its large enough.并列连词并列连词 and 和和 or：二者既可以连接分句，：二者既可以连接分句，也可连接两个并列的动词或其他单词。也可连接两个并列的动词或其他单词。Were here anyway, and thats lucky.Do you want a bath at once, or shall I have mine first?I woke up and got out of bed.He didnt yell or scream.Read it slowly and clearly.Theres one or two things Id like to know about.注：注：and 可连接两个分句，表示可连接两个分句，表示“只只要要就就”Stir, and you are a dead man.Do that again and Ill call a policeman.Give him an inch and he will take a mile.or 可引起分句，表示可引起分句，表示“否则否则”Hurry up, or youll be late for school.Now I must go or I shall be late for the birthday party.表示意思转折的连词：表示意思转折的连词：but, yet 等等Honey is sweet, but the bee stings.I would have written before but I have been ill.He said he was our friend, yet he wouldnt help us.注：注：however, nevertheless 也可表示转折，也可表示转折，但是二者少用作连词，多用作副词。但是二者少用作连词，多用作副词。He was angry, nevertheless/however he listened to me.However/Nevertheless she decided to act.表示因果关系的连词表示因果关系的连词for 可表示原因，但引起的不是从句，是分可表示原因，但引起的不是从句，是分句，对前面谈的情况加以解释，有逗号把它句，对前面谈的情况加以解释，有逗号把它和前面分句分开，多用在书面语中：和前面分句分开，多用在书面语中：He shook his head, for he thought differently.Dont swear, for I dislike swearing.它还可表示有前面看法的依据：它还可表示有前面看法的依据：It must have rained in the night for when I woke up the next morning I saw the grass was wet.so 表示结果，可译为表示结果，可译为“因此因此, 所以所以, 于是于是”She asked me to go, so I went.You arent listening, so Ill shut up.也可放在句子开头，使和前面句子联系紧密也可放在句子开头，使和前面句子联系紧密:So I thought you wouldnt object if I changed them.So well catch the 3:30 train.有时还可放在句首表示惊讶：有时还可放在句首表示惊讶：So you are going to get married this time.So youre back again!therefore 也可表示也可表示“因此因此”，“所以所以”，但比较文气一点，多放在分句或句子前面：但比较文气一点，多放在分句或句子前面：It rained; therefore the game was called off.Therefore, we must advocate the forming of workshop committees.有时也可插在句子中间：有时也可插在句子中间：He had gone; she therefore gave the money to me.hence 也可表示类似意思，多用于说理性文也可表示类似意思，多用于说理性文章中，主要用在分词或句子开头：章中，主要用在分词或句子开头：My mother is by herself, hence I must go home now. 其他并列连词其他并列连词eitheror主要连接两个并列成分，表示主要连接两个并列成分，表示“或是或是”；有时可连接两个分句：；有时可连接两个分句：Either you or Mary has to solve the problem.We can finish it either now or tomorrow.Either you must improve your work or I shall dismiss you.neithernor “既不既不又不又不”可连接两可连接两个主语，宾语，表语，谓语或状语：个主语，宾语，表语，谓语或状语：Neither you nor I am right.He neither drinks nor smokes.I have neither time nor money.not onlybut (also)表示表示 “不仅不仅而且而且”，连接两个并列成分：连接两个并列成分：Not only my mother was unhappy, but Mary too.Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily.as well as也起连词作用，表示也起连词作用，表示“同同”，“和和”，“也也”等等:It is important for you as well as for me.We cant expect her to do the homework as well as look after the children.bothand也有连词的作用：也有连词的作用：Both she and Lisa were pleased with the girl.Tonight Mary will both sing and dance.The situation both at home and abroad is in our favour.and neither, (and) nor, and either也有连词也有连词作用：作用：I was not happy and neither were they.I didnt go , and nor did my wife.He didnt go and she didnt go either.1. _ regular exercise is very important, its never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime. (2011天津天津)A. It B. As C. Although D. Unless【解析解析】although“尽管尽管”; as “如如”; unless “除非除非”。句意为：尽管有规律的运动很重。句意为：尽管有规律的运动很重要，但是在睡前运动不是一个好主意。要，但是在睡前运动不是一个好主意。2. The form cannot be signed by anyone _ yourself. (2011全国全国)A. rather than B. other than C. more than D. better than【解析解析】rather than意为意为“与其与其不不如如 ”，other than的意思是的意思是“除了除了”，more than意为意为“比比多多”，better than的意思是的意思是“比比好好”。本句意思是：这。本句意思是：这个个表格除了你自己，其他任何人都不能签表格除了你自己，其他任何人都不能签署。署。3. Try_ she might, Sue couldnt get the door open. (2011全国全国)A. if B. when C. sine D. as【解析解析】题目前半句说，她试过；后半句题目前半句说，她试过；后半句说说Sue不能打开门，明显前后两句意思相反。不能打开门，明显前后两句意思相反。as表示虽然，尽管。表示虽然，尽管。4. Someone wants you on the phone. _nobody knows I am here. (同上同上)A. AlthoughB. And C. But D. So【解析解析】前后句意为：有人给你打电话；前后句意为：有人给你打电话；没有人知道我在这儿，根据句子意思可知没有人知道我在这儿，根据句子意思可知前后两句明显为转折关系，因此选前后两句明显为转折关系，因此选C。5. The house was too expensive and too big. _, Id grown fond of our little rented house. (2011江西江西)A. Besides B. Therefore C. Somehow D. Otherwise【解析解析】句意为句意为“这个房子太贵太大。这个房子太贵太大。我我已经对我的小的租用房越来越感兴趣了。已经对我的小的租用房越来越感兴趣了。” 根据前后句判断出为并列关系。根据前后句判断出为并列关系。besides “此此外外”，表并列，表并列，therefore “因此因此”，表因果，表因果，somehow “无论如何无论如何”，表转折，表转折，otherwise “除此之外除此之外”，表转折。选，表转折。选A。请点击请点击1. The girl had hardly rung the bell _ the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her. (2010福建福建)A. before B. until C. as D. since2. Our manage objects to Toms joining the club, _ we shall accept him as a member. (2010上海上海)A. until B. unless C. if D. after3. The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, _they have the interest. (2010安徽安徽)A. wherever B. whenever C. even if D. as if4. Just use this room for the time being, and well offer you a larger one _ it becomes available. (2010安徽安徽)A. as soon as B. unless C. as far as D. until5. Our holiday cost a lot of money. Did it? Well, that doesnt matter _ you enjoyed yourselves. (2010江西江西)A. as long as B. unless C. as soon as D. though6. Mary made coffee _ her guests were finishing their meal. (2010全国全国)A. so that B. although C. while D. as if7. The little boy wont go to sleep _ his mother tells him a story. (2010全国全国)A. or B. unless C. but D. whether8. The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair _ he wanted to sit next to his wife. (2010辽宁辽宁)A. although B. unless C. because D. if9. Its no use having ideas only. Dont worry. Peter can show you _ to turn an idea into an act. (2010辽宁辽宁)A. how B. who C. what D. where 10. _ they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures. (2010北京北京)A. As B. While C. Until D. Once11. I wonder how much you charge for your services. The first two are free _ the third costs $30. (2009安徽安徽)A. while B. until C. when D. before12. John plays basketball well, _his favorite sport is badminton. (2009北京北京)A. so B. or C. yet D. for13. You may use room as you like _ you clean it up afterwards. (2009北京北京)A. so far as B. so long as C. in case D. even if14. At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see_ it got any better. (2009北京北京)A. when B. how C. why D. if15. _ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him. (2009湖南湖南)A. Although B. As long as C. If only D. As soon as16. Owen wouldnt eat anything _ he cooked it himself. (2009四川四川)A. until B. since C. unless D. while17. The medicine works more effectively _ you drink some hot water after taking it. (2009浙江浙江)A. as B. until C. although D. if18. Have you got any idea for the summer vacation? I dont mind where we go _ theres sun, sea and beach. A. as if B. as long as C. now that D. in order that
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