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2023年中考英语时事热点阅读专练热点17闪电的成因及危害预防一、阅读理解1Lightingisoneofthemostbeautifulnaturalphenomena（现象）.Itisalsooneofthemostdeadlyphenomena.Aboltoflightningissixtimeshotterthanthesurface（表面）oftheSunandgivesout30,000ampsofelectricity（电）.Itcantravelat100,000kilometresperhourandhastheabilitytohitatargetupto40kilometresaway.About1,000peoplearoundtheworldarekilledbylightningeveryday.Onlyabouttenpercentofpeoplestruckbylighteningwillactuallydie,buttheothersareactuallyverybadlyinjured,withburns,brokenbones,blindness,deafness,paralysis,ormemoryloss.However,whentheelectricitypassesthroughtheirbrain,itcanoccasionallyhaveunusualandevenpositiveeffects.Someblindpeoplehavegottheirsightbackafterbeingstruckbylightning.Onewomansaidapsychologicaltestshowedherintelligence（智力）hadgreatlyimproved,andonemansaidhecouldnolongerfeelcoldatallandcouldgooutintemperaturebelowfreezinginjustaT-shirt!Sowhatshouldyoudotostaysafeinathunderstorm?Themostimportantruleistostayinside,butdonotgonearphones,electricalappliances,plumbing,orwater.Ifyouarestuckoutside,donottakeshelterunderatree.Instead,rollyourselfupintoaballonthegroundassmallaspossible.Anddonotthinkithastoberaininginorderforlightningtostrike.Strangely,lightningseemstoprefersomepeopletoothers.Ifyouareaman,youaresixtimesmorelikelytobestruckbylightningthanawoman!1. Whatdocsthephrasepositiveeffects”inParagraphTwopossiblymean?A. somethinggoodB.somethingbadC.somethingusefulD.somethinguseless2. Inordertostaysafeinathunderstorm,youshoulddothefollowingEXCEPT.A. stayinsideB.rollupintoaballC.takeshelterunderatreeD.stayawayfromwater3. WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothearticle?A. Lightningisabeautifulbutdangerousphenomenon.2023年中考英语时事热点阅读专练热点17闪电的成因及危害预防一、阅读理解1Lightingisoneofthemostbeautifulnaturalphenomena（现象）.Itisalsooneofthemostdeadlyphenomena.Aboltoflightningissixtimeshotterthanthesurface（表面）oftheSunandgivesout30,000ampsofelectricity（电）.Itcantravelat100,000kilometresperhourandhastheabilitytohitatargetupto40kilometresaway.About1,000peoplearoundtheworldarekilledbylightningeveryday.Onlyabouttenpercentofpeoplestruckbylighteningwillactuallydie,buttheothersareactuallyverybadlyinjured,withburns,brokenbones,blindness,deafness,paralysis,ormemoryloss.However,whentheelectricitypassesthroughtheirbrain,itcanoccasionallyhaveunusualandevenpositiveeffects.Someblindpeoplehavegottheirsightbackafterbeingstruckbylightning.Onewomansaidapsychologicaltestshowedherintelligence（智力）hadgreatlyimproved,andonemansaidhecouldnolongerfeelcoldatallandcouldgooutintemperaturebelowfreezinginjustaT-shirt!Sowhatshouldyoudotostaysafeinathunderstorm?Themostimportantruleistostayinside,butdonotgonearphones,electricalappliances,plumbing,orwater.Ifyouarestuckoutside,donottakeshelterunderatree.Instead,rollyourselfupintoaballonthegroundassmallaspossible.Anddonotthinkithastoberaininginorderforlightningtostrike.Strangely,lightningseemstoprefersomepeopletoothers.Ifyouareaman,youaresixtimesmorelikelytobestruckbylightningthanawoman!1. Whatdocsthephrasepositiveeffects”inParagraphTwopossiblymean?A. somethinggoodB.somethingbadC.somethingusefulD.somethinguseless2. Inordertostaysafeinathunderstorm,youshoulddothefollowingEXCEPT.A. stayinsideB.rollupintoaballC.takeshelterunderatreeD.stayawayfromwater3. WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothearticle?A. Lightningisabeautifulbutdangerousphenomenon.B. Mostpeoplestruckbylightningwillactuallydie.C. Lightningcantravelat10,000kilometresperhour.D. Awomanismorelikelytobestruckbylightningthanaman.4. ThewriterusestheexamplesofamanandawomaninParagraphTwoto.A. showlightningisverydangeroustohumanbeingsmakethereaderswanttoknowmoreaboutlightningB. helppeopleknowlightningwillsurelyimprovetheirintelligenceprovesomethingsurprising,interestingmayhappenbecauseoflightning5. Youmayreadthispassagein.A.astorybookB.asciencemagazineC.atourguidebookD.anadvertisement【答案】l.A2.C3.A4.D5.B【解析】本文是科普知识类阅读，介绍了自然现象闪电的相关知识。闪电是最美丽的自然现象之一，但也是最致命的现象之一，它有好处也有坏处，就如何避免闪电作者给出了一些建议。1. 词义猜测题。根据Someblindpeoplehavegottheirsightbackafterbeingstruckbylightning,结合作者举的两个例子，可知被闪电击中也有好处，positiveeffect是指积极的影响；somethinggood符合题意，故选A。2. 细节理解题。根youarestuckoutside,donottakeshelterunderatree9可知躲在树下是不安全的；takeshelterunderatree不可取,故选Co仑田节理解题。|艮据Lightningisoneofthemostbeautifulnaturalphenomena.Itisalsooneofthemostdeadlyphenomena”，可知闪电是一种美丽但也危险的自然现象，故选A。3. 推理判断题。木艮据“However,whentheelectricitypassesthroughtheirbrain,itcanoccasionallyhaveunusualandevenpositiveeffects”，结合下文所举的两个例子，可知被闪电击中也有好处，作者是为了说明闪电也会产生不寻常的，甚至是积极的影响；provesomethingsurprising,interestingmayhappenbecauseoflightning证明一些令人惊讶、有趣的事情可能会因为闪电而发生”符合题意，故选D。4. 推理判断题。根据短文内容，介绍的是闪电，被闪电击中的一些有趣现象以及如何防止雷击，因此更可能在科学杂志上能看到此篇文章，故选B。2Lightning（闪电）isshocking,andithappensallovertheworld!Scientiststhinkthattherearemorethanthreemillionlightningstrikes（袭击）everydayintheworld-thafsthirtystrikeseverysecond.Lightningcanalsobeverydangerous.Everyyear,lightningkillspeoplebecauseitcanstartbigfiresorbecauseitreachestemperaturesupto28,000degreescentigrade.AmericanRoySullivan,whoworkedinapark,holdstherecordforsurvivingthemostlightningstrikes.Between1942and1983,hewashitseventimes!So,whydoeslightningstrike?Lightningstrikeshappenwheniceandwaterincloudsrub（摩擦）together,andcauseatmospheric（大气层的）changes.Whenthishappens,itcreatesastaticcharge（青争电电荷）.Lightningcanstrikeinsidethecloud,betweentwocloudsandbetweenacloudandEarth.Itsthelasttypeofstrikethatisthemostdangerousforhumans.About1,000peoplegetstruckbylightningeveryyearintheUnitedStates,andabout100ofthemdieasaresult.LightningiscertainlynotsomethingWhenlightningstrikes,ifsbesttostayinsidealargebuilding.Tostaysafe,donotstandundertrees,onhillsornearwater.Treesattractlightning.Also,donotliedownontheground,otherwisetheelectricitymaygothroughyouandcauseaheartdisease.5. Lightningstrikes.A. happenthreebilliontimeseachdaywillstartwhentherearebigfiresB. canreachveryhightemperatureskillallthosewhoworkinapark6. Whatdoessurviving”inparagraph2meaninChinese?A. 目睹B.幸存C.制造D.遇难Wecaninfer（推断）fromparagraph3that.A. lightningstrikesarecausedwhenevericeandwatermeetlightningbetweentwocloudsisthemostdangerousforhumansB. lightningstrikescreatestaticchargeaboutonetenthofthepeoplestruckbylightningdieeveryyearinAmerica7. Whichexpressionmeans“totoywith”inthelastparagraph?A.toplaywithB.totakeseriouslyC.toshowoffD.totakeiteasy8. Wheresthebestplacetobewhenlightningstrikes?A.Ontopofahill.B.Inaswimmingpool.C.Inatree.D.Insidealargebuilding.【答案】6.C7.B8.D9.A10.D【解析】这篇文章讲述闪电的杀伤力和世界上的一些点击事例，以及闪电来袭时的躲避技巧。6. 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句Everyyear,lightningkillspeoplebecauseitcanstartbigfiresorbecauseitreachestemperatures叩to28,000degreescentigrade.可以得出选择Co句意：闪电袭击有时会达到很高的温度。故选C。7. 词义猜测题。根据划线词的后一句Between1942and1983,hewashitseventimes!在1942-1983年间，他被雷电击中了7次。故此处表示他幸存下来。故选B。8. 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句About1,000peoplegetstruckbylightningeveryyearintheUnitedStates,andabout100ofthemdieasaresult.可知在美国每年有十分之一的人被闪电击中。故选D。9. 词义猜测题。根第三段最后一句据About1,000peoplegetstruckbylightningeveryyearintheUnitedStates,andabout100ofthemdieasaresult.可知闪电袭击会导致人死亡，因此闪电不是可以玩的东西，故选A。10. 细节理解题。根据最后一段的Whenlightningstrikes,itsbesttostayinsidealargebuilding.可知当闪电来袭，最佳的停留地点是在一栋建筑物里。故选D。点睛：认真阅读题干，根据题干要求，在文中寻找答案所在的语句和段落，进行分析理解，词义猜测，推理判断和概括归纳，选出正确的选项。例如小题3,根据第三段最后一句About1,000peoplegetstruckbylightningeveryyearintheUnitedStates,andabout100ofthemdieasaresult.可知在美国每年有十分之一的人被闪电击中。故选D。3Inearliesttimes,menconsideredlightningtobeoneofthegreatmysteriesofnature.Someancientpeoplebelievedthatlightingandthunderweretheweapons（武器）ofthegods.Inreality,lightningisaflow（流动）ofelectricityformedhighabovetheearth.Asingleflashoflighting1.6kilometerslonghasenoughelectricitytolightonemillionlightbulbs（灯泡）.TheAmericanscientist,BenjaminFranklin,wasthefirsttoshowtheconnectionbetweenelectricityandlightningin1752.Inthesameyear,healsobuiltthefirstlightningrod（避雷针）.Thisdevice（装置物）protectsbuildingsfrombeingdamagedbylighting.Modernsciencehasdiscoveredthatonestroke（闪击）oflightninghasavoltage（电压）ofmorethan15millionvolts.Aflashoflightningbetweenacloudandtheearthmaybeaslongas13kilometers,andtravelataspeedof30millionmeterspersecond.Scientistsjudgethatthereareabout2,000millionflashesoflightningperyear.LightninghitstheEmpireStateBuildinginNewYorkCity30to48timesayear.IntheUnitedStatesaloneitkillsanaverage（平均数）ofonepersoneveryday.Thesafestplacetobeincaseofanelectricalstormisinaclosedcar.Outside,oneshouldgotolowgroundandnotgetundertrees.Also,oneshouldstayoutofwaterandawayfrommetalfences.Insideahouse,peopleshouldavoidopendoorwaysandwindowsandnottouchwiresormetalthings.Withlightning,itisbettertobesafethansorry?11. Theunderlinedwordvolts”inthepassagemeansinChinese.A. 瓦特B.伏特C.欧姆Accordingtothepassagewhatdoyouthinkallbuildingsneed?A. Electricity.B.Machines.C.Lightningrods.12. Lightningcantravel.A.notsoquicklyaselectricityB.atveryhighspeedC.asquicklyaswaterWhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A. Allancientpeoplethoughtlightningcamefromgods.B. IntheU.K.aboutonepersonperdaydiesfromlightning.C. Aclosedcaristhesafestplacetobeduringanelectricalstorm.13. Whatsthebesttitleforthispassage?A. KeepawayfromlightningTheintroductionoflightningB. Theimportanceoflightningrods【答案】ll.B12.C13.B14.C15.B解析】本文主要向我们介绍了闪电以及遇到雷暴时应该怎么做。11词句猜测题。分析Modernsciencehasdiscoveredthatonestroke（闪击）oflightninghasavoltage（电压）ofmorethan15millionvolts?可知，volts是表示电压的单位，所以翻译为伏特”。故选B。12. 推理判断题。根据Tnthesameyear,healsobuiltthefirstlightningrod（避雷针）.Thisdevice（装置物）protectsbuildingsfrombeingdamagedbylighting/9可知，避雷针保护建筑物不受闪电损坏，所以避雷针是所有建筑物需要的。故选C。13. 推理判断题。分析“Aflashoflightningbetweenacloudandtheearthmaybeaslongas13kilometers,andtravelataspeedof30millionmeterspersecond.”可知，在云层和地球之间的闪电可能长达13公里，以每秒3000万米的速度传播。所以闪电的速度非常快。故选B。14. 推理判断题。A：古代人都认为闪电来自神。根据Someancientpeoplebelievedthatlightingandthunderweretheweapons（武器）ofthegods.”可知，人一些认为闪电来自神，并不是所有，该项表述错误；B：在英国，每天大约有一人死于闪电。根据TntheUnitedStatesaloneitkillsanaverage（平均数）ofonepersoneveryday.”可知，在美国，每天大约有一人死于闪电，并不是英国，该项表述错误C：在雷电交加的时候，封闭的汽车是最安全的地方。根据“Thesafestplacetobeincaseofanelectricalstormisinaclosedcar.”可知，遇到雷暴时，最安全的地方是关着的车里，该项表述正确。故选C。15. 最佳标题题。A：远离闪电；B：闪电的介绍；C：避雷针的重要性。分析文章内容可知，本文主要向我们介绍了闪电以及遇到雷暴时应该怎么做。故选B。4Itsverycommontoseelightningstorms（雷雨）insummer.Somepeopledonttakethemcarefully.Infact,lightningstormsareverydangerousforpeople,andtheycanevenkillpeople.Sohowdowekeepsafeduringalightningstorm?Ifyouareindoors,stayawayfromwindowsanddoorsduringalightningstorm.Donttakeashowerordothedishesbecauselightningcantravelthroughwater.TurnofftheTVandcomputer.Mycomputerwasbroken,soIlearneditthehardway.Neverusethephone.Lightningcantravelthroughthephonelineandhityou.Ifyouareoutdoorsduringalightningstorm,nevertakeshelter（爪E护）underatreebecausethelightningcouldhitthetreeandtravelthroughthetreetohityou.Stayawayfromanythingthatismetal（金属）.Trytogetinyourcarandcloseallthewindows,orgointoanearbybuildingrightaway.Iftheresnobuildingaround,trytofindalowplacetostayin.Squat（蹬）downnearthegroundandputyourhandsoveryourears.Neveruseacellphone.16. Whenarethelightningstormscommon?A.Inspring.B.Insummer.C.Inautumn.D.Inwinter.17. Whatcanyoudoifyouareindoorsduringalightningstorm?A.WatchTV.B.Takeashower.C.Stayawayfromwindows.D.Playcomputergames.18. Whatcantyoudoifyouareoutdoorsduringalightningstorm?A.Standunderatree.B.Getintoyourcar.D.Squatdownneartheground.C.Gointoanearbybuilding.19. Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A. WhataLightningStormIsHowtoTakeShelterDuringaLightningStormB. HowtoStayAwayfromaLightningStormHowtoKeepSafeinaLightningStorm【答案】16.B17.C18.A19.D【解析】本文主要讲述在雷雨期间如何保持安全。如果你在室内，在雷雨期间，你要远离门窗。不要洗澡,也不要洗碗。关掉电视和电脑。如果你在户外遇到雷雨，千万不要躲在树下，因为闪电会击中树，穿过树而击中你。远离任何金属制品。试图上车并关上所有的窗户，或者立刻去附近的大楼。如果周围没有建筑物，试着找一个低矮的地方待着。蹲下，尽量靠近地面，双手捂住耳朵。不要使用手机。14. 题意：闪电暴风雨什么时候常见？考查细节理解题。A.Inspring在春天；B.Insummer在夏天；C.Inautumn在秋天；D.Inwinter在冬天。根据第一段第一句Itsverycommontoseelightningstorms（雷雨）insummer.（夏天雷雨是很常见的。）可知选B。15. 题意：在雷雨期间，如果你在室内你能做些什么？考查细节理解题。A.WatchTV.看电视;B.Takeashower.洗澡；C.Stayawayfromwindows.远离窗户；D.Playcomputergames.玩电脑游戏。根据第三段第一句Ifyouareindoors,stayawayfromwindowsanddoorsduringalightningstorm.（如果你在室内，在雷雨期间远离窗户和门。）可知如果你在室内你要远离窗户；故选C。16. 题意：在雷雨期间，如果你在户外你不能做什么？考查细节理解题。A.Standunderatree.站在树下；Getintoyourcar.上车吧；CGointoanearbybuilding.去附近的一栋大楼；D.Squatdownneartheground.蹲在地下。根据第四段第一句Ifyouareoutdoorsduringalightningstorm,nevertakeshelter（庇护）underatreebecausethelightningcouldhitthetreeandtravelthroughthetreetohityou.（如果你在户外遇到雷雨，千万不要躲在树下，因为闪电会击中树，然后通过树去击中你。）可知“在雷雨期间，如果你在户外你不能站在树下”,可知选A。17. 题意：这篇文章最好的标题是什么？考查主旨理解题。A.WhataLightningStormIs雷雨是什么；B.HowtoTakeShelterDuringaLightningStorm在雷雨中如何躲避；C.HowtoStayAwayfromaLightningStorm如何避开雷雨；D.HowtoKeepSafeinaLightningStorm如何在雷雨中保持安全。本文主要讲述在雷雨期间如何保持安全。故答案为D。5Scientistssaytheyvedevelopedanewsystem（系统）.Itcanusemachineleaming,topredictwhenandwherelightning（|X电）willstrike（|R击）.TheresearchwasledbyengineersfromSwitzerland.Europeanresearchershaveestimated（估算）between6,000and24,000peoplearekilledbylightningworldwideeachyear.Thestrikescanalsocausepowercuts,destroyhousesandstartforestfires.Forthesereasons,someclimatescientistshavestudiedtodevelopmethodstopredictandcontrollightning.Butnosystemhasbeencreatedtoeffectivelypredictlightning.Thenewsystemisbeingtestedintheexperiments（实验）.Itusedacombinationofdata（数据资料）fromweatherstationsandmachinelearningmethods.Theresearchersdevelopedapredictionmodel.Itwastrainedtotellweatherconditionsthatwerepossibletocauselightning.Themodelwascreatedwithsomedata.Thedatawascollectedovera12-yearperiodfrom12Swissweatherstationsincitiesandmountainareas.Thedatarelatedto（与有关）fourmainsurfaceconditions:airpressure,airtemperature,relativehumidity（相对湿度）andwindspeed.Theatmospheric（大气的）datawasputintoamachinelearningalgorithm（计算程序），whichcomparedittorecordsoflightningstrikes.Researcherssaythealgorithmwasthenabletolearntheconditionsunderwhichlightninghappens.AmirhosseinMostajabiisaPhDstudentwholedthedevelopmentofthenewsystem.Hesaid,“Commonsystemsforcollectingsuchdataareslowandcomplex,andtheyrequireexpensivecollectionequipment（设备）likeradarorsatellites（卫星）Oursystemusesdatathatcanbegottenfromanyweatherstation/9Mostajabisaid.Thiswillimprovedatacollectionintheareaswhicharenotcoveredbyradarandsatellitesorinplaceswherecommunicationsystemshavebeencut,”headded.24. Accordingtothepassage,thestrikescantcause.A. powercutsB.earthquakesforestfiresD.thedeathofpeople25. Whatdoestheunderlinedwordif5refertoinParagraph5?A. Thelightningstrike.B.Thesystembeingtested.C.Themachinelearningalgorithm.D.Theatmosphericdata.26. Whatdothelasttwoparagraphsmainlytellus?A. Whereweatherstationsshouldbebuilt.B. Howthemachinelearningalgorithmworks.C. Theadvantagesofthenewsystemindatacollection.D. Thenewsystemhaseffectivelypredictedlightninginfarawayareas.27. WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthenewsystemisTRUE?A. Itspredictionmodelhasbeentestedfor12years.B. Ithasbeenputintouseincitiesandmountainareaswidely.C. Thenewsystemrequiresexpensivecollectionequipmenttocollectdata.D. Itusesmachinelearningtopredictthetimeandplacesoflightningstrikes.【答案】24.B25.D26.C27.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍科学家们开发出的一种能有效地预测闪电的机器，来减少闪电袭击带来的危害和损失。24. 细节理解题。根据Europeanresearchershaveestimated（估算）between6,000and24,000peoplearekilledbylightningworldwideeachyear”及“Thestrikescanalsocausepowercuts,destroyhousesandstartforestfires”可知，能导致人的死亡，停电、毁坏房屋和引发森林火灾，故选B。25. 词义猜测题。根据“Theatmospheric（大气的）datawasputintoamachinelearningalgorithm（计算程序）,whichcomparedittorecordsoflightningstrikes”可知，此处是指将大气的数据与闪电袭击的记录相比较，所以it指代Theatmosphericdata”，故选Do主旨大意题。根据Oursystemusesdatathatcanbegottenfromanyweatherstation.可知，最后两段讲述的是这种新系统在数据收集方面的优势，故选C。26. 推理判断题。根据“Itcanusemachineleaming,topredictwhenandwherelightning（闪电）willstrike”可知,它可以使用“机器学习”来预测闪电何时何地会发生，D表述正确，故选D。二、完型填空1Alittlegirlwalkedtoandfromschooleveryday.Onedayinthemorning,shemadeherdailytriptoschoolthough28gathered（聚集）inthesky.Whenschoolwasover,withbooksinherschoolbag,thelittlegirlwalkedhome.Onthewayhome,windblewhardandtrees29fromsidetosideinthewind.Rainpoureddown.Themotherworriedthatherdaughterwouldbeafraid30flashesoflighting（闪电）.Sothemotherdrovetoherdaughtersschool31.Onthewaytoschool,themothersawthelittlegirl32aloneintherain.Whenaflashoflighteningcame,thelittlegirlstopped,lookedupand33.Anotherflashoflighteningfollowed.Thelittlegirlstopped,lookedupandsmiled.Athirdtime,thelittlegirlstopped,lookedupandsmiled.Withthecomingofthefollowingflashesoflightning,thelittlegirlrepeatedthe34thingagain.Afterthelittlegirlgot35thecar,themotherwondered36shestopped,lookedupandsmiledwhenlightningcame.Withabrightsmile,repliedthegirl,Mom,whenaflashoflightingcame,Ifeltabit37ButGodwouldtakeapictureofme.Iknewhewasplayinganinterestinggamewithmetodriveawaymyfear（恐惧）Yousee,ifyoulookattheworldfromadifferentview,theworldisreallyamazing.28.A.windB.cloudsC.iceD.snow29.A.shookB.shoneC.showedD.swept30.A.withB.onC.toD.of31.A.atatimeB.daybydayC.inahurryD.alldaylong32.A.walksB.towalkC.walkedD.walking33.A.stoppedB.smiledC.lookedD.sounded34.A.sameB.differentC.boringD.relaxing35.A.inB.intoC.outD.outof36.A.whyB.whatC.howD.when37.A.happyB.afraidC.strangeD.excited【答案】28.B29.A30.D31.C32.D33.B34.A35.B36.A37.B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是一个女孩在雨中笑对闪电的故事，她认为每一次闪电都是上帝给她照了一次相，这个故事教育我们从不同的角度看世界，世界会很神奇。27. 句意：一天早晨，尽管天空云朵聚集，她还是开始每天的学校之旅。wind风；clouds云；ice冰；snow雪。根据.gathered（聚集）inthesky.”可知，在天空聚集的应该是云。故选B。28. 句意：在回家的路上，风吹的厉害，树在风中摇动。shook摇动；shone发光；showed展示；swept扫除。根据windblewhardandtrees.fromsidetosideinthewind.”可知，风会把树吹的左右摇动。故选A。29. 句意：妈妈担心她的女儿害怕闪电。with和；on在上；to至lj；of.的。beafraidof表示害怕。故选D。30. 句意：因此妈妈立刻开车去女儿学校。atatime一次；daybyday一天天；inahurry立亥ij；alldaylong整天。根据ThemotherworriedthatherdaughterB. Mostpeoplestruckbylightningwillactuallydie.C. Lightningcantravelat10,000kilometresperhour.D. Awomanismorelikelytobestruckbylightningthanaman.4. ThewriterusestheexamplesofamanandawomaninParagraphTwoto.A. showlightningisverydangeroustohumanbeingsmakethereaderswanttoknowmoreaboutlightningB. helppeopleknowlightningwillsurelyimprovetheirintelligenceprovesomethingsurprising,interestingmayhappenbecauseoflightning5. Youmayreadthispassagein.A.astorybookB.asciencemagazineC.atourguidebookD.anadvertisement2Lightning（闪电）isshocking,andithappensallovertheworld!Scientiststhinkthattherearemorethanthreemillionlightningstrikes（袭击）everydayintheworld-thafsthirtystrikeseverysecond.Lightningcanalsobeverydangerous.Everyyear,lightningkillspeoplebecauseitcanstartbigfiresorbecauseitreachestemperaturesupto28,000degreescentigrade.AmericanRoySullivan,whoworkedinapark,holdstherecordforsurvivingthemostlightningstrikes.Between1942and1983,hewashitseventimes!So,whydoeslightningstrike?Lightningstrikeshappenwheniceandwaterincloudsrub（摩擦）together,andcauseatmospheric（大气层的）changes.Whenthishappens,itcreatesastaticcharge（青争电电荷）.Lightningcanstrikeinsidethecloud,betweentwocloudsandbetweenacloudandEarth.Itsthelasttypeofstrikethatisthemostdangerousforhumans.About1,000peoplegetstruckbylightningeveryyearintheUnitedStates,andabout100ofthemdieasaresult.LightningiscertainlynotsomethingWhenlightningstrikes,itsbesttostayinsidealargebuilding.Tostaysafe,donotstandundertrees,onhillsornearwater.Treesattractlightning.Also,donotliedownontheground,otherwisetheelectricitymaygothroughyouandcauseaheartdisease.6. Lightningstrikes.A. happenthreebilliontimeseachdaywillstartwhentherearebigfiresB. canreachveryhightemperatureswouldbeafraidofflashesoflighting（|XJ电）.”可知，妈妈担心女儿害怕闪电，所以立刻去接女儿。故选C。31. 句意：在去学校的路上，妈妈看到小姑娘独自在雨中走着。walks走路，第三人称单数形式；towalk不定式；walked过去式；walking现在分词。此处表示看到某人正在做某事，现在分词作宾补。故选D。32. 句意：在闪电时，小女孩停下来，抬头看，笑了。stopped停止；smiled笑；looked看；sounded听起来。根据Thelittlegirlstopped,looked叩andsmiled.”可知I,小女孩停下来，抬头笑了。故选B。33. 句意：在下一次闪电到来的时候，小女孩重复一样的事。same同样的；different不同的；boring无聊的；relaxing令人放松的。根据Anotherflashoflighteningfollowed.Thelittlegirlstopped,lookedupandsmiled.Athirdtime,thelittlegirlstopped,lookedupandsmiled.”可矢口，每次闪电的时候，女孩做同样的事情。故选A。34. 句意：在小女孩进到车里后，妈妈想知道为什么闪电的时候，她停下来，抬头笑。in在里面；into到里面；out向外；outof从。getintothecar表
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