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人教版精品英语资料（精校版）Section_Warming Up & Reading Language Points 1associate(1)vt.使发生联系；使联合；结交associate sb./sth.with .把某人/某物与 联系起来be associated with . 与有关I have never associated you with this place.我从来没有把你和这个地方联系在一起。(2)n.同事；伙伴Bob is said to be one of his business associates.据说Bob是他生意上的一个伙伴。association n协会，社团；联系，关系；联想in association with . 与合伙/合作The research was conducted in association with the World Health Organization.这项研究与世界卫生组织联合进行。(1)Write down all the words in_association_with_candles (与蜡烛有关). (2)There are many serious health problems (which_are)_associated_with_smoking (与吸烟有关)2adequate adj.足够的；适当的；合乎需要的，恰当的；胜任的；令人满意的He didnt give an adequate answer to the question.对这个问题他没有作出满意的答复。be adequateThe space available is not adequate for our needs.可用空间不能满足我们的需要。(1)Are the parking facilities adequate for 50 cars?(2)I think she is not adequate to this kind of job.3defense/defence nU，C防卫；(pl.)防卫设备，防御物；律(被告的)答辩，辩护A thick overcoat is a good defence against the cold.一件厚大衣足以御寒。The accused man made no defence.被告人未做辩护。(1)in defence of .为了捍卫(2)defend v. 保护，保卫defend sth.against/from 保护某物免受defend oneself 自卫，为自己辩解Many soldiers died in defence of our motherland.许多战士为了保卫祖国而献出了生命。有些人认为应该训练学生保护自己免遭某些攻击。Some think that students should be trained to_defend_themselves_against_some_attacks. Some think that students should be trained in_defence_of_some_attacks.4celebration nU，C庆祝；庆祝典礼，庆祝仪式hold a celebration举行庆祝会in celebration of 为庆祝celebrate vt. 庆祝I dont feel like getting involved in any New Years celebration.我不想参加任何新年庆典。Therell be a reception in celebration of the Funds 70th Anniversary.为庆祝基金会成立70周年，将举行一个招待会。celebrate, congratulate, observe(1)celebrate“庆祝”，其宾语一般是节日、胜利、结婚纪念、生日等的庆祝仪式、典礼等令人欢乐的事情或日子。(2)congratulate“祝贺”，其宾语为人，常用搭配是：congratulate sb. on sth.。(3)observe“庆祝”，其宾语可以是节日、生日、周年等，也可以是表示按照传统规定以适当的方式庆祝一个日子或节日。 用celebrate, congratulate, observe填空(1)She congratulated me warmly on my exam result.(2)Halloween is now celebrated largely as a childrens day，and many American children look forward to it for days and weeks beforehand.(3)Chinese people observe the Spring Festival in the same way that western people observe Christmas Day.5tolerate vt.忍受；容忍tolerate (sb.) doing sth.容忍/忍受(某人)做某事stand (sb.) doing sth. 忍受/容忍(某人)做某事bear sb. doing/to do sth. 忍受/容忍某人做某事put up with 忍受；容忍Those who know how to tolerate others can naturally lead a happy life.那些懂得怎样容忍他人的人自然可以生活得幸福。I cant tolerate speaking to your mother in such a rude manner.我不容忍用这种无礼的方式给你母亲说话。I cant stand people interrupting me all the time.我不能容忍老有人打岔。(1)The school cant tolerate cheating_in_exams (考试作弊)(2)He couldnt tolerate being_treated_like_a_child (像一个孩子一样被对待) any more.6reservation nU，C保留；(旅馆房间等)预定，预约I accept his invitation without reservations.我毫无保留地接受他的邀请。reserve vt.保留，储备；预定，预约 n. 储备(物)，储藏量，储备金nature reserve 自然保护区These seats are reserved for the elderly and disabled.这些座位是留给老人和残疾人坐的。(1)These books are reserved for the new comers.(2)Customers are advised to make seat reservations well in advance.1part of .的(一)部分Taiwan is part of China.No one can separate it from the mainland.台湾是中国的一部分。谁也不能把它和大陆分开。注意a part of . 暗含“的一小部分”。He has rewritten a part of the book.他只改写这书的一(小)部分。play a part (in .)(在中)起作用； 扮演角色take part (in) 参加；参与on sb.s parton the part of sb. 就某人而言form (a) part of . 组成的一部分in part 在某种程度上，部分地Her success was due in part to luck.她的成功在某种程度上是由于运气好。(1)Women are playing_an_important_part_in (在中起重要作用) socialist construction.(2)It was just a mistake on_her_part (就她而言)(3)If you decide to work for our club, youll be_part_of_a_great_team (伟大团队的一份子)2out of respect出于尊敬I did it for her out of respect.我出于尊敬对她做那事。The students all went back to the classroom out of respect for their history teacher.学生们出于对历史老师的尊敬都回到了教室。show/have respect for sb.尊敬某人in respect of sth. 关于，就而言with respect to sth. 至于，关于，就而言in all/some/many respects 在各个/某些/许多方面He shows no respect for others feeling.他不尊重别人的感情。With respect to your other suggestions, I am not yet able to tell you our decision.关于你的其他建议，我现在还无法把我们的决定告诉你。注意out of sth.(表示原因)因为，出于；(从里)出来；没有，缺少；(表示不在原状态)脱离，离开；用完，卖完。(1)I have the greatest respect for his work.(2)With respect to your request, Im not able to agree.(3)I stood up when he came in out of respect.(4)Mum is very stubborn, and Kim is like her in that respect.1It_is_also_possible_to_climb_the_rock,_but most people dont do this out of respect for the aboriginal people who consider the rock to be sacred.要爬上这个巨石也是可能的，但大多数人们出于对土著人的尊敬而不这么做，因为他们认为这块岩石是神圣的。(1)在第一个分句中，it作形式主语，to climb the rock作真正主语。it在句中作形式主语或宾语，代替后面的不定式短语、动名词短语或从句的句型：(1)It is/wasn./adj.(2)主语find/think/feel/makeitn./adj.It is very important to learn English well.学好英语很重要。I find it difficult to explain the differences between the three words.我觉得难以解释清楚这三个词间的区别。(2)表示“可能”的三个常用形容词likely，possible和probable分别用于下列几种不同的句型：It is likely/possible/probablethat .It is likely/possible/probable that he will fail in the exam.很可能/可能/极有可能，他考试不及格。Its likely/possible/probable(for sb.) to do/be .It is likely/possible/probable for the chairman to come and inspect the company.很可能/可能/极有可能，董事长要来视察公司。Sb./Sth.is likelyto do/be .Tom is likely to be an American.汤姆很可能是个美国人。(1)Is_it_necessary (有必要) to complete the design before National Day?(2)Susan made_it_clear (使清楚) to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.(3)I think Tom is_likely_to_come (可能来) to my party this evening.2Drive 250 km northwestwards from Hobart along the A10 highway and_youll_arrive at the southern end of the magnificent Cradle Mountain National Park and World Heritage area.从霍巴特沿A10公路朝西北方向行驶250公里，你就来到景色壮观的摇篮山国家公园暨世界遗产保护区的南端。本句使用的是“祈使句并列连词简单句”句型。在该句型中，祈使句陈述的某种条件，简单句表示的是某种结果。 (1)祈使句and陈述句If .，主句Listen carefully, and youll understand it. If you listen carefully, youll understand it.仔细听，你就会明白。(2)祈使句or/or else/otherwise陈述句If . not .，主句Give up smoking, or/or else/otherwise you may die of lung cancer. If you dont give up smoking, you may die of lung cancer.戒掉烟，否则你可能死于肺癌。(3)名词词组and陈述句It is really very dangerous. One more step, and the baby will fall into the well.真危险。再多迈一步，这个小孩儿就掉进井里了。(1)Follow your doctors advice, or/or_else/otherwise_your_cough_will_get_worse (否则你的咳嗽会变重的)(2)Call me tomorrow and_Ill_let_you_know_the_lab_result (让你知道实验结果)3Why do you think the population of Australia is so small when it is such a large country?既然澳大利亚是如此大的一个国家，那么你认为它的人口为什么那么少呢？when用作连词，表示“考虑到，既然”。I cant tell you anything when you wont listen.既然你不想听，我就什么也不跟你说了。(1)when用作连词引导时间状语从句，意为“当时”，后可跟句子、现在分词、过去分词、形容词、名词及介词短语等。In addition, what may interest you most is that I am really nervous and upset when taking the exam.另外，最使你感兴趣的是，考试时我真的紧张烦躁。(2)表示对比，可译为“本该而(却)”。Why are you here when you should be in school?你本该去上学的可你为什么在这儿？(3)表示条件，意思接近“在的情况下，既然”。Why do you ask me when you have known the answer?既然你已经知道答案了，为什么你还问我呢？ (4)表示突然发生某事，可译为“突然这时”。be doing . when .正在做这时/突然be about to do .when . 正要做这时be on the point of doing .when . 正要做这时had just/hardly done .when . 刚做完这时I was about to swim in the river when the guide stopped me.我正想到河中游泳这时向导拦住了我。Hardly had I opened the door when he hit me.我刚把门打开，他就撞上了我。(1)Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true when it comes to classroom test.(当时候)(2)Why do you walk when you have a car？(既然)(3)I was about to start work when she called me up.(这时).单词拼写1They associate turkey with Thanksgiving.2They soon overcame the language barrier.3He sought for an adequate solution to the problem.4The United States has a federal government.5When the war ended all defences stopped, too.6One of the new governments policies (政策) is to cut taxes.7We have established diplomatic relations with the newly independent nations (国家)8China gives its citizens (公民) certain rights.9I flew to New York via (取道) Hong Kong.10It was announced that there would be a celebration (庆典) on Sunday.选词填空1She is very weak, so I cant associate her with energetic sports.2The two brothers have nothing in_common.They look quite different.3The team is_made_up_of seven persons.4The beauty is more_than words can describe.5The crowd stood in silence out_of_respect for the dead.完成句子1The room is small_but_adequate (虽小但够用)2A lot of money is spent on_defence (在国防方面)3There is a limit to what one person can_tolerate (可以容忍)4In_this_respect (在这方面), we are very fortunate.5Ill call the restaurant and make_a_reservation (预订餐桌).句型转换1She has something to do with the case.She is_associated_with the case.2They are similar and become good friends.They have a lot in_common and become good friends.3As winter comes near, its colder and colder.With winter coming near, its colder and colder.4We would have much difficulty in working out such a scientific problem without the help of a computer.It would be much difficult to work out such a scientific problem without the help of a computer.5If you dont respect others; you wont command the respect of others.Respect others, and you will command the respect of others.阅读理解AAustralia, the last continent, was discovered by ships belonging to some European nations in the seventeenth century.These nations were less interested in changing it into a colony than in exploring it.As in the early history of the United States, it was the English who set up the settlements in Australia.This history and geography of these two British colonies have some other things in common as well.Australia and the United States are about the same in size, and their western lands are both not rich in soil.It was the eastern coast of Australia and America that the English first settled, and both colonies soon began to develop towards the west.However, this westward movement took place more because the English were searching for better land than because the population was increasing.Settlements of the western part of both countries developed quickly after gold was discovered in America in 1849 and in Australia two years later.Although the development of these two countries has a lot in common, there are some unusual differences as well.The United States got its freedom from England by revolution while Australia won its independence without having to go to war.Australia, unlike the United States, was firstly turned into a colony by English prisoners and its economic development was in the wheat growing and sheep raising.By 1922, for example, Australia had fifteen times more sheep than it had people or almost half as many sheep as there are people today in the United States.Yet, in spite of these and other differences, Australia and the United States have more in common with each other than either one has with most of the rest of the world.1Who turned Australia into a colony?ABritain.BSeveral European countries.CThe United States of America.DNone of the above.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知答案为A项。2In the early history of America and Australia, both colonies developed towards the west firstly for the reason that_.Athe population was increasing rapidly in the eastBthe English thought there might be richer land thereCgold was discovered thereDfewer people lived there解析：选B细节理解题。从第二段最后一句的前面部分可知答案为B项。3In the early 1920s, _.AAustralia had one fifteenth as many people as sheepBthere were more sheep in Australia than in the United StatesCthe population in Australia was greater than that of the United StatesDthe United States had twice as many sheep as people解析：选A细节理解题。从最后一段的倒数第二句可知答案为A项。4The last sentence “Australia and the United States have more in common with each other than either one has with most of the rest of the world” means_.Athe United States and Australia do not have any main differencesBthe United States and Australia have much in common with each other, but neither of them has as much as they have with other countriesCthe United States and Australia have nothing in common with the rest of the worldDin common with the rest of the world, the United States and Australia have a lot of differences解析：选B句意理解题。作者讲述了美国和澳大利亚的异同之后，得出结论：它们两国之间的共同之处要比它们任何一方与世界其他国家多。故B项意思最相符。BCan dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home? People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight. A recent research has found a new recipe for success. According to the study, if the cat is adopted before the dog, and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Twothirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.However, it wasnt all sweetness and light. There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes. One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals are just opposite. For example, when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression, while a dog doing the same signals submission.In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behavior. They are learning how to talk each others language. It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk “Dog”， and dogs can learn how to talk “Cat”Whats interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence. They can learn how to read each others body signals, suggesting that the two may have more in common than was previously suspected. Once familiar with each others presence and body language, cats and dogs can play together, greet each other nose to nose, and enjoy sleeping together on the sofa. They can easily share the same water bowl and in some cases groom (梳理) each other.The significance of this research on cats and dogs may go beyond pets to people who dont get along, including neighbors, colleagues at work, and even world superpowers. If cats and dogs can learn to get along, surely people have a good chance.语篇解读：人们一般认为在同一家庭中，狗与猫之间因为种种原因难以和谐相处，即使可以的话也只占极少部分。然而最近一项科学研究却对这种看法提出了挑战，研究结果发现猫与狗之间存在着交流与学习。它们彼此互相学习各自的语言、深化认识，有助于促进相互间和平共处。既然动物之间都可以这样主动改善关系，更何况我们人类呢？5The underlined word “swimmingly” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “_” AearlyBsweetlyCquickly Dsmoothly解析：选D词义猜测题。首段第一、二句就暗示人们普遍认为狗和猫是不能和谐相处的，而后面的研究与前面内容形成对比：如果采取适当的措施，猫与狗之间是可以和平相处的，因而“swimmingly”应该是“顺利地；轻易地”之意。A、C两项有悖常识；B项意为“甜蜜地；亲切地”，程度过深，不合常理；D项smoothly意为“平稳地；顺利地”，切合题意。6What is found surprising about cats and dogs?AThey eat and sleep together. BThey observe each others behaviors.CThey learn to speak each others language. DThey know something from each others voices.解析：选C细节理解题。从第三段“researchers observed a surprising behavior. They are learning how to talk each others language”得知这个令人吃惊的发现便是猫与狗竟然能够互相学习对方的语言。7It is suggested in Paragraph 4 that cats and dogs _.Ahave common interests B.are less different than thoughtChave a common body language D.are less intelligent than expected解析：选B细节理解题。根据第四段可知事实上猫与狗之间存在更多的共同点，它们并没有我们想象中的那么格格不入。8What can we human beings learn from cats and dogs?AWe should learn to live in harmony. BWe should know more about animals.CWe should live in peace with animals.DWe should learn more body languages.解析：选A推理判断题。细读最后一段内容我们可以发现作者提出了反问：既然动物都可以学着和谐共存，更何况是技高一筹的人类？因而，通过猫与狗的研究可以得出我们人类应该学会和谐相处。
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