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人教版精品英语资料（精校版）Section_Grammar_&_Writing倒装一、含义在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前、谓语在后。 但有时为了强调句子的某一部分或其他原因，谓语需要全部或部分移到主语的前面，这种语序叫倒装。二、分类倒装有两种：完全倒装和部分倒装。在倒装语序中，若整个谓语都在主语之前，称之为完全倒装。若谓语的一部分(通常是助动词、情态动词或 be 动词)位于主语之前，则称之为部分倒装。三、完全倒装的应用场合1there be 句型中，其中 be 可换作 appear, come, exist, happen, lie, remain, seem, stand 等动词。There stands a temple on the top of the mountain. 山顶上有一座寺庙。2由副词here, there, now, then 等开头的句子，以及表示动态的副词 in, out, away, up, down, off, back, over 等置于句首作状语时，而谓语动词是 be, come, follow, go, begin 等，且句子主语为名词时。Here are some picturebooks.这儿是一些图画书。Out rushed the boy, crying.那个男孩哭着跑出来了。In she came and the lesson began.她走进来开始上课。点津代词作主语时，主谓语序不变。3表示地点的介词词组，作表语的形容词、分词或介词短语位于句首时。In the distance lies a car.远处有一辆汽车。Present at the meeting were some important figures.出席会议的是一些重要人物。Sitting in front of the house was a little girl.一个小女孩坐在房子的前面。4. such置于句首时(多被认为是表语，such 后的be动词应与其后真正的主语保持一致)。Such are the facts; no one can deny them.事实如此，没有人能否认它们。点津在完全倒装句式中，谓语动词的数要与后面主语的数保持一致。There seems to be many people on the square.广场上似乎有很多人。In front of the building stand two tall trees.楼前有两棵很高的树。四、部分倒装的应用场合1否定或半否定意义的副词或介词短语放在句首时，如 never, little, hardly, few, not, seldom, in no way, by no means, in no case, on no condition等。Never shall I forget the day when I joined the army.我永远不会忘记我参军的那天。点津few, little 作主语或修饰主语，则用自然语序。Few students are in the classroom after 10 oclock in the evening.晚上十点以后很少有学生在教室里。2某些含有否定词的连词位于句首时。(1)not only . but (also) 连接两个并列句时，含有not only的句子用部分倒装。(2)hardly .when, no sooner .than, not .until引导的句子，当hardly, no sooner, not until位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。Not only do students come to school early, but (also) the teachers do.不但学生到校早，老师们也来得很早。Hardly had I sat down when the telephone rang.我刚一坐下，电话铃就响了。Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.直到老师进来，学生们才停止讲话。3“so 形容词/副词 that”和“such 名词 that”句型，意为“如此以至于”。当 “so 形容词/副词， such 名词”位于句首时，主句的谓语动词用部分倒装结构，但从句不倒装。So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood.他讲英语非常清晰，总能让别人听懂。4only 修饰状语放在句首时。(1)“only状语”位于句首，句子主谓部分倒装。Only in this way can you learn English well.只有通过这种方法，你才能学好英语。(2)“only状语从句”位于句首时，主句的主语和谓语要部分倒装，从句不倒装。Only if we keep on working hard can we succeed the next time.我们只有坚持努力，下次才会成功。点津only修饰主语时，句子不倒装。Only he can help me.只有他能帮助我。5表示“也(不)”的so/neither/nor位于句首时。(1)表示一种肯定情况也适用于另一方时，用so倒装。His brother likes football and so does my brother.他的弟弟喜欢足球，我弟弟也喜欢。(2)表示一种否定情况也适用于另一方或一方同时具备两种否定情况时，用neither/nor倒装。You dont know the way.Neither do I.你不知道路，我也不知道。点津“so助动词主语”表示“也一样”，而“so主语助动词”表示“的确如此”。It is hot today.So it is.今天真热。的确如此。6当as/though表示“尽管”时。当as 表示“尽管”引导让步状语从句时，把要强调的表语、谓语动词、状语放在主语之前。Housewife as she is, she knows a lot about law.虽然她是一位家庭主妇，她却懂得很多法律方面的事。Busy as he was, he spared some time to accompany me.尽管他很忙，他还是挤出一些时间来陪我。点津形容词或副词提前时前面一般不加very 一类的修饰语；名词提前时前面一般不加冠词；though引导的从句可以倒装，也可不倒装。although从句不倒装。7在含有had/were/should的虚拟条件句中。在含有had/were/should的虚拟条件句中可以省略if，将had/were/should放在主语之前，构成部分倒装。Had you come here, you would have met the film star.你当时要来这里的话，就能见到那位电影明星了。8may 表示祝愿时。may 表示祝愿时，应将may放在主语前。May you have a nice trip!祝你旅途愉快！.句型转换1A picture is hanging on the wall.On the wall is_hanging_a_picture.2Susan had hardly entered the room when the doorbell rang.Hardly_had Susan entered the room when the doorbell rang.3The air pollution is so serious that every one of us should take action as soon as possible.So serious is_ the air pollution that every one of us should take action as soon as possible.4The speaker sat in the front of the lecture hall.In the front of the lecture hall sat_the_speaker.5The actor came to the party after being asked three times.Only after being asked three times did_the_actor_come to the party.6She didnt accept my invitation. Whats more, she was extremely angry.Not only didnt she accept my invitation, but also she was extremely angry.7Suddenly the door opened and a woman rushed out.Suddenly the door opened and out rushed_a_woman. 8I dont like this dress. Mary doesnt like this dress either.I dont like this dress, neither/nor_does Mary.9She got such a good chance that she jumped with joy.Such a good chance did she get that she jumped with joy.10If you had told him the truth, he might have made some suggestions.Had you told him the truth, he might have made some suggestions.用倒装句完成句子1护士不仅想要提高工资，她们还想要减少工作时间。Not only do_the_nurses_want_a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.(全国大纲卷改编)2莫言一步入舞台，观众就爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。No sooner had_Mo_Yan_stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause. (陕西高考改编)3只有当你能保持内心的安宁时，你才能与他人保持良好的关系。Only when you can find peace in your heart will_you_keep good relationships with others.(湖南高考改编)4要不是现代化的电信，我们就不得不等好几个星期才能得到来自世界各地的消息。Were_there_no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.(福建高考改编)5要是他们知道下一步发生什么，他们会三思的。Had_they_known what was coming next, they might have had second thoughts.(浙江高考改编)6他们绝对没有违反比赛规则，惩罚他们是不公平的。At no time did_they_break the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them.(辽宁高考改编)7. 迈克尔从来没想过有一天他会成为班里的一名顶尖学生。Not once did_it_occur_to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.(湖南高考改编)8直到他经历了真正的艰难困苦，他才意识到我们对家庭的爱是重要的。Not until he went through real hardship did_he_realize the love we have for our families is important.(福建高考改编)9在这所医院里，只有医生的数量增加50%，病人才能得到妥善地治疗。Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent can_the_patients_be_treated properly in this hospital.(全国卷改编)10只有当他为他的粗鲁道歉时，我才会再和他说话。Only when he apologizes for his rudeness will_I_speak to him again.(江西高考改编)新闻报道上周，一批英国学生到达我市第一中学进行为期五天的访问交流。假设你是该校通讯员，请根据以下内容给当地一家报社写一篇英文报道。写作内容：时间上周地点第一中学事件一批英国学生到访行程了解中国学生的校园生活，参观该地的著名景点，体验当地文化对中国的印象洁净的城市、友善的学生、美味的食物回访计划第一中学的38名学生应邀明年3月访问英国注意：1.词数100左右；2开头已给出，但不计入总词数。No.1 Middle School in our city received a group of students from Britain last week._No.1 Middle School in our city received a group of students from Britain last week. During their fiveday stay here, the students experienced the school life of Chinese students.They watched a short video giving a brief introduction to No.1 Middle School and then the representatives of the students showed them around. They also took part in varieties of activities to have a better understanding of the school life. At last they visited some places of interest and learned about the local culture.The British students were impressed by the kind students, clean city and delicious food. At the invitation of them, 38 students in No.1 Middle School are to set out for Britain for an exchange visit next March.第一段点明所要报道事件的时间、地点及事件本身。第二段详述整个行程。第三段总结说明英国学生对中国的印象及回访计划。亮点一：句中高级短语take part in, have a better understanding of的使用得当，使文章增色不少。亮点二：句中非谓语动词短语giving a brief introduction to .作后置定语，句中被动语态were impressed by的运用，彰显了作者的写作实力，使文章的内容丰富充实，提升了得分档次。新闻报道属于说明类或记叙类的文章，是对最近发生的重大事实的报道，它具有迅速、及时、简短、明了的特点。写好一篇新闻稿要注意以下几点：1提炼好新闻标题(headline)：标题是新闻报道的灵魂和精华。新闻标题既要把最吸引人的地方体现出来，又要做到言简意赅、直击主题。2写好新闻导语(the news lead)：新闻导语是新闻报道开头的第一句话，它一般是对整个报道的一个概括，通常包括事件(what)、时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、原因(why)和方式(how)。3详述新闻事件的过程(process)：写完导语后，文章接下来要按照事件发展的时间顺序具体阐述导语中的相关信息，形成对导语的有力支持。4对事件进行必要的评论(comment)：根据写作的需要可对新闻事件进行简要的评论，以达到深化主题，给读者留下深刻印象的目的。5署名(byline)：在文章的最后注明新闻报道的作者及单位。1On/In/During .sb.did/held/took part in .2Firstly/In the morning ., sb. went to .3Then, sb.did/started .4Lastly/At last, sb.should do .5Sb.hoped/thought that .6It is said ./Witnesses said ./Experts said .7They said it was . that they would remember it forever.8From ., we can learn a lot.2016年10月1日，高二(3)班的学生志愿者 Li Yue 和 Zhang Hua 去阳光敬老院(Sunshine Nursing Home)开展志愿者活动(送水果、打扫卫生、聊天等)。假设你是校英语报的记者，请按下列要点用英语写一则100词左右的新闻报道。1时间、地点、人物、活动；2老人们的反应；3简短评论。注意：报道的标题和记者姓名已给出(不计入总词数)。Student volunteers brought sunshine to the elderly_By Chen Jie，School Newspaper参考范文：Student volunteers brought sunshine to the elderlyOn National Day,2016, Li Yue and Zhang Hua, students from Class Three, Grade Two, went to Sunshine Nursing Home and did some voluntary work.Upon their arrival, Li Yue and Zhang Hua were warmly welcomed, and respectfully, they presented the elderly with flowers and fruits.Then, they started working at once, cleaning the windows and sweeping the floor. Everything done, they sat in the yard chatting with the elderly.When it was time for the volunteers to leave, the elderly thanked them for their kindness. They said it was such a beautiful day that they would remember it forever.Li Yue and Zhang Hua were very happy. What they did has brought joy to others and enriched their own lives.By Chen Jie，School Newspaper
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