资源描述
精品资料主 语 从 句Section_Grammar_&_Writing一、定义在主从复合句中充当主语的从句即为主语从句。What made her happy was that she won the game in such an important match.令她高兴的是在这么重要的比赛中她获胜了。 It worried the woman that her son was always playing computer games.她儿子一直在玩电脑游戏，这让这个女人很担心。二、引导主语从句的词及其在句中的功能1连接词that和whether/if。(1)that引导主语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分，仅起连接作用，但不能省略。That she could come to help us made us very happy.她能来帮助我们使我们很高兴。That the big earthquake had killed many people frightened people all over the world.大地震使很多人丧生令世界震惊。(2)whether/if引导主语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分，起连接作用，但有自己的意义，也不可省略。Whether we go by train or by boat makes no difference.我们乘火车还是乘船没差别。It is still unknown if/whether the plan will be carried out.这个计划是否会实施还不知道。点津whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句尾，但if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾，前面需用it作形式主语。1(山东高考改编)It doesnt matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in the store.2连接代词有who, whose, whom, what, which, whichever, whoever, whomever, whatever等。连接代词引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。Who will take his place is not important.谁将代替他并不重要。What role he will play in the film hasnt been known.在这部电影中他将扮演什么角色还不知道。Whatever you do in your spare time should do no harm to others.无论你在业余时间做什么都不应该伤害其他人。2(北京高考改编)What makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.3连接副词有when, where, how, why等。连接副词引导主语从句，并在从句中作状语。Where the English evening will be held has not yet been decided.英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有决定。When we will have a meeting is an important question.我们何时举行会议是一个重要的问题。Why John was late for the class has been unexplained.约翰为什么上课迟到还没有说明。3(陕西高考改编)When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.三、主语从句与形式主语it1It be名词词组主语从句常用于这种句型的名词词组有a pity, a shame, a fact, an honour, a wonder, no wonder等。Its a pity (that) you cant attend my birthday party.很可惜你不能参加我的生日聚会。Its no wonder that she speaks English so well.难怪她英语说得那么好。2It be形容词主语从句It is obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.很明显咖啡店的经理在等李方离开。It is very important that a student (should) learn English well.学生学好英语很重要。3It be过去分词主语从句Its suggested that the old man (should) go to the countryside to have a rest.建议这位老人到乡村去休息一下。It is said that that is where the famous singer was born.据说，那儿就是那位著名的歌星出生的地方。4It不及物动词(happen, seem, appear, etc.)主语从句It seems to me that you disagree to the plan.在我看来，你好像不赞成这个计划。It happened to me that I had been away when he called.他打电话时，我正好不在家。5It及物动词宾语that从句It surprised him that they came to visit him suddenly.让他吃惊的是他们突然来看他。It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.她的头发在变白，这让她有点担心。4(陕西高考改编)It remains to be seen whether the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice.(江西高考改编)It suddenly occurred to him that he had left his keys in the office.四、主语从句的注意事项1从句的语序：在任何情况下，主语从句都用陈述语序。Whichever of you gets here first will get the prize.你们谁第一个到达这里谁就获奖。How he succeeded is still a puzzle.他是如何成功的仍然是个谜。2主谓一致(1)从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式；但what和who引导主语从句时，有时主句谓语的数应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。What they need are books.他们需要的是书。What they need is love.他们需要的是关爱。(2)如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。When they will start and where they will go have not been decided yet.他们将在什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。When and where the meeting will be held has not been decided.会议将在什么时候以及在哪里举行还没定下来。3whether引导的主语从句中，如果用了形式主语it，引导词whether可以换成if。如果whether从句在句首或后面直接跟有or not时，不能用if替换。Whether they will sell the house is not yet decided.(此时whether与if不可互换)It is not decided yet whether/if they will sell the house.(此时whether与if可互换)他们还没有决定是否卖掉这所房子。.选词填空1That fashion differs from country to country may reflect a cultural difference.2What she couldnt understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in science.3Whoever has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.4Whatever book you borrow, you must return it in a week.5Who will go to the concert is not known.6Whether he can do it is a problem.7Why he was turned down the invitation was not clear.8Which kinds of books they will buy needs considering.单句改错1What is required in the regulations that you should not tell people the password of your email account.What改为It或that前加is2If well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.If改为Whether3Where shall we spend the holiday hasnt been decided.shall_we改为we_shall4That is certain that we can win.That改为It5No matter who leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.No_matter_who改为Whoever解决问题类说明文6It is not certain if the policemen will come or not.if改为whether请自拟题目写一篇解决交通堵塞的短文。词数：100左右。How to Solve the Problem of Heavy TrafficAlmost every city has a big traffic problem.To start with, a vast population leads to heavy traffic.The second reason is the increasing number of vehicles, especially private cars.The last but not least reason is that some people are not aware of the importance of obeying traffic regulations.To deal with this, some people suggest that more roads should be built in order to speed up the flow of the traffic, and others insist that more public bus routes be required in order to limit the number of private cars.But building more roads takes up too much land, and limiting the number of private cars is inconvenient for some people.So, I think the best way is to walk if you can.And as for pedestrians, we should also have a sense of safety.Dont cross the road at a red light.1第一、二段点明问题，明确需要解决的问题是什么。对于交通堵塞这个问题，其关键点有三：道路、车辆和行人。2第三、四段提出解决方案：建更多、更宽的道路，开辟更多的公交车线路；减少私家车的使用，多乘坐公共交通工具，提倡步行或骑自行车；遵守交通规则，不乱穿马路。亮点一：文章脉络清晰，结构严谨，行文流畅，语意连贯，顺理成章。注意了高级词汇的合理运用。运用的高级词汇有：lead to(句), the last but not least(句), insist(句), take up(句), as for(句), inconvenient(句)等。亮点二：灵活运用了多个复合结构，如句中的The last but not least reason is that .表语从句，句中的suggest that .和insist that .两个宾语从句。如何写好解决问题类说明文解决问题类说明文的结构安排：1简要说明做某件事情需要解决的问题。2分段具体说明每个问题及解决办法。3简要说明这些问题解决后将会出现的结果。写作时应注意以下三个方面：1此类书面表达通常为话题作文或看图作文，所以应仔细研读提示信息或图画，明确应围绕什么问题或现象展开评论。2围绕主题进行拓展。根据要求和提示信息合理安排篇章中各部分内容的比例，做到详略得当、条理清楚、文字简练。3时态：多采用一般现在时，但如果提示中给出了具体时间，可对时态进行相应的调整。1提建议的句型In my opinion, the best way to solve the problem is .My tips are as follows .Only in this way can we .To solve the abovementioned problem, we must .2说明现象或问题的常用句型It has become the biggest concern of .Unless we take effective measures, it is likely that .The situation many people are facing is that .To start with, .The second reason is .The last but not least reason is .Faced with the problem, quite a few people argue that .but others .There is a general discussion today about the problem of .3得出结论With concerted efforts we will pull through the difficulties.With the help of .we can manage to overcome these difficulties.水是生命之源，而在现实生活中，浪费水的现象屡见不鲜。请你以“How to Save Water”为题，写一篇100词左右的英语短文，提出解决办法。内容包括：1说明节约用水的重要性；2提出节约用水的具体方法；3发出号召。How to Save Water_参考范文：How to Save WaterMany of us know the importance of saving water.But we are now wasting a large amount of water in our daily life.Its estimated that about 70% of the water used in a family every day can be saved if we follow the tips below.First, use recycled water.For example, you can use the water to wash rice first, and then use it to wash vegetables.Finally, the water can be used to wash the toilet.Second, when you are taking a bath, turn down the tap a little bit.Remember to shut it off in time if you are not using it.Third, when you are washing dishes, use some paper to clean them first, and then use the water to wash them, which will save much water.Only when everyone takes an active part can we really save our limited water resource.
展开阅读全文