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精品资料Section_Using_Language.高频单词点击1loyal (adj.) 忠诚的；忠实的loyalty (n.)忠心；忠诚loyally (adv.)忠实地2optimism (n.)乐观；乐观主义optimistic (adj.)乐观的pessimistic (adj.) 悲观的3delay (vt.& vi. & n)耽搁；延迟4discourage (vt.)使气馁discouragement (n.)气馁；泄气discouraging(adj.)令人沮丧的encourage (v.)鼓舞；鼓励5dynamic (adj.)动力的；精力充沛的；有活力的6regular (adj.)规则的；定期的；常规的regularly (adv.)有规则地7grasp (vt.)抓住；抓紧；掌握8bored (adj.)无聊的；无趣的；烦人的bore (v.)使无聊；使厌烦boring (adj.)令人厌烦的9changeable (adj.)可改变的change (v.& n)变化；改变10caution (n.)小心；谨慎；警告cautious (adj.)小心的；谨慎的cautiously (adv.)谨慎地11admirable (adj.)令人钦佩的；绝妙的；极好的admire (v.)钦佩；羡慕admiration (n.)佩服；令人钦佩的人或物admiring (adj.)令人佩服的；令人称赞的12commit (v.) 把托付给；提交；犯错误commitment (n.)许诺；委托事项；承担义务.重点短语必记1give off放出(烟、光等)2die down (火)渐渐灭了；声音渐低3pretty well 几乎；相当好；巧妙地4be particular about . 对挑剔；非常注意5lead to 导致；引起6deal with 处理；对付；应付7above all 最重要；尤其.常用句型必备1Left_behind,_we watched as Shackleton and the boat sailed away from Elephant Island.2When rescue did_come,_we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears.功能意念项目Express yourself：1I think . is better because .2I hate to have to say this but .3Its clear that .4In my opinion .5There is no doubt that .6I dont mind if .1loyal adj.忠诚的；忠实的He was her loyal friend, who was always ready to help whenever necessary.他是她忠实的朋友，随时准备必要时提供帮助。be loyal to对忠诚；忠于loyalty n. 忠诚；忠实loyally adv. 忠实地；忠心耿耿地The people should be loyal to their country.人民应忠于他们的国家。The government was sure of the peoples loyalty.政府相信人民的忠诚。温馨提示：royal adj.“王室的；第一流的”，与loyal是形近词。即境活用1翻译句子他忠于朋友。He_is_loyal_to_his_friends.2delay (1)v.延迟；延缓；延期delay (doing) sth. 推迟/耽搁(做)某事The train was delayed for two hours.火车晚点两个小时。We must delay leaving until the weather improves.我们必须延迟到天气好转再离开。(2)n.推迟；延期；延期的事；耽搁without delay毫不延迟地I arrived there without delay with the help of the local people.在当地人的帮助下，我顺利抵达那里，毫不耽搁。即境活用2单句改错We delayed to send these books to their school because of the storm.to_sendsending3discourage vt.使丧失勇气；使泄气；使气馁；阻拦；劝阻Dont let one failure discourage you.勿因一次失败而气馁。discourage sb.from doing sth.劝阻某人做某事His parents discouraged him from joining the air force.他的父母劝他不要参加空军。discouragement n挫折；气馁；泄气；阻拦；扫兴(的事)discouraged adj. 泄气的；气馁的；沮丧的discouraging adj. 令人泄气的；令人沮丧的If you meet with any difficulty in your study, dont be discouraged.如果你在学习中遇到困难，不要灰心。温馨提示：discourage的反义词为encourage“鼓励；鼓舞”，常用于encourage sb.to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”。My father always encourages me to do things in a new way.父亲总是鼓励我去用新方法做事。即境活用3用discourage的适当形式填空(1)We were all discouraged at the discouraging news that no one would encourage us to venture on the island.(2)Her parents tried to discourage her from becoming a singer, which was a discouragement.4regular adj.规则的；有秩序的；经常的；定期的；常规的She is our regular customer.她是我们的老主顾。irregular adj.不规则的；无规律的；不定期的regularly adv. 有规律地；整齐地The coastline in this area is quite irregular.这个地区的海岸线非常不规则。即境活用4完成句子(1)He was out of work last year; since then, he has_had_no_regular_work (没有固定的工作) .(2)Take_the_medicine_regularly (定期地吃药) three times a day.5grasp(1)vt.抓紧；抓住(机会)I grasped the opportunity to work abroad.我抓住机会去国外工作。He grasped my hand and shook warmly.他热情地抓住我的手握了起来。(2)vt.理解；领悟；明白He tried his best to grasp his meaning.他试图弄懂他的意思。(3)n.抓住；理解Success is within his grasp.成功唾手可得。These sentences are beyond the grasp of the child.这些句子超出了这孩子的理解能力。即境活用5写出下列句中grasp的汉语意思(1)He grasped the rope and pulled it.(抓；握住)(2)He doesnt have a thorough grasp of the issue.(理解；领悟)6bored adj.无聊的；无趣的；烦人的be bored with . 厌倦；厌烦I was bored with reading such novels.我厌烦读这样的小说。Are you bored with my words?我的话使你感到厌烦吗？bore vt.(使人)厌烦；烦扰bore sb.with sth./by doing 以令人厌烦boring adj. 令人厌烦的；乏味的He always bores her by telling the same story.他总是重复同样的故事，这使她很厌烦。The boring speech made people present sleepy.那无聊的演讲使在场的人们昏昏欲睡。现在分词与过去分词用作形容词的区别现在分词过去分词表示事物内在的性质特点。其意为：令人的强调人所处的心理状态或心理感受。其意为：感到的现在分词过去分词boring令人厌烦的bored感到厌烦的exciting令人激动的excited感到激动的frightening令人恐惧的frightened感到恐惧的interesting令人感兴趣的interested感兴趣的disappointing令人失望的disappointed感到失望的inspiring令人鼓舞的inspired感到鼓舞的即境活用6用所给词的适当形式填空(1)Children easily get bored (bore)(2)The film was so boring (bore) that I fell asleep.(3)We are excited at the exciting news. (excite)(4)At the sight of the frightening snake, the frightened girl couldnt say anything. (frighten)7caution(1)n.小心；谨慎；警告with caution小心地；谨慎地He got along with his boss with caution.他小心地与老板相处。(2)v.使小心；警告caution sb.about sth.警告某人某事caution sb.against doing/not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事I cautioned him not to do that again.我警告他不要再那么做了。cautious adj.谨慎的；慎重的be cautious of/about 对小心/谨慎cautiously adv. 谨慎地She is cautious of telling secrets.她很谨慎，不会泄露秘密。即境活用7完成句子(1)她小心翼翼，免得伤害他的感情。She is_cautious_of/about hurting his feelings.(2)请小心过马路。Cross the street with_caution,_please.(3)老师警告他不要迟到。The teacher cautioned_him_against_being late.8admirable adj.极佳的；令人钦佩的Your courage is admirable.你的勇气令人钦佩。This is an admirable plan.这是个极好的计划。admire vt.赞赏；钦佩；夸奖；欣赏admire sb.for (doing) sth.钦佩某人(做)某事admiring adj. 赞美的；羡慕的admiration n. 赞美；钦佩；令人赞赏的事The school is widely admired for its excellent teaching.这所学校教学质量优秀，远近称誉。He gave her an admiring glance.他向她投以赞赏的目光。I have great admiration for her as a writer.我十分钦佩她这个作家。温馨提示：able为形容词后缀，可放在某些及物动词之后，表示“能够；适于；值得”，具有被动意义或表示事物所具有的性质。change变化changeable可改变的forgive宽恕forgivable可宽恕的eat吃eatable能吃的即境活用8 完成句子(1)When the visitors saw the scene, they cried out in_admiration (钦佩地)(2)MoYan was_admired_for (因而受到仰慕) his work on literature.1give off发出，放出(蒸汽、气味等)The engine gives off smoke and steam.发动机排放出烟和蒸汽。The flowers gave off a fragrant perfume.这些花散发出芳香。give up放弃(念头、希望等)；停止；抛弃；认输；把送交give back 归还；恢复；后退；反射(声、光等)give in 投降；屈服；让步(to)；交上；宣布give out 分发；发出(声音、光线、气味等)；公布；用尽give away 送掉；分发；放弃；泄露；出卖；让步；陷下I wish I could give up drinking.我真希望自己能戒酒。His accent gave him away as a northerner.他的口音让人听出他是北方人。He has refused to give out any information on the matter.他已拒绝透露有关此事的任何消息。Do you think the President will give in to the terrorists demand?你认为总统会对恐怖分子的要求让步吗？即境活用9介、副词填空(1)The liquid gave off a strong smell.(2)After a month their food supplies gave out.(3)When can you give back the money that you owe?(4)The couple gave away most of their fortune to the poor in their small town.2die down(火、兴奋、暴风雨、光线等)渐弱；渐息；(声音)静下来The fire died down at last.火终于灭了。Dont worry.The gossip will soon die down.别担心，流言蜚语很快就会平息的。die out绝种；死光；(风俗、习惯等)消失；消灭die away 渐渐消失(指声音、风、光线等)die off 先后死去；一一死去Many old customs are dying out.很多古老的习俗正在消失。If the snowstorm does not blow over, the cattle will die off.如果暴风雪不停息，很多牲畜就要死掉了。She waited until the footsteps died away.她一直等到脚步声消失。即境活用10 用die away/out/off/down的适当形式填空(1)This species has nearly died_out because its habitat is being destroyed.(2)They had to watch their children die_off through lack of food.(3)It took a long time for the excitement to die_down.(4)The noise of the plane died_away/down in the distance.3above all最重要；尤其Above all, you should remember all of these new words.最重要的是，你要记住所有这些新词。What a student should do, above all, is to do well in his studies.学生该做的最重要的事是学好功课。after all 毕竟；终究first of all 首先(强调事物的先后顺序)in all 总计；合计at all 根本(常用于否定句和疑问句以加强语气)Dont blame her any more. After all, she is only four years old.别再责怪她了，毕竟她才四岁。First of all, let me introduce my new friend, Tom, to you.首先让我向你介绍我的新朋友汤姆。即境活用11用all的短语填空You shouldnt have punished the boy at_all.After_all,_he is a child; above_all,_he made only two mistakes in_all.你根本不该惩罚那个男孩。他毕竟还是个孩子；更重要的是，他总共才出了两个错误。1Left_behind,_we watched as Shackleton and the boat sailed away from Elephant Island.我们留在了岛上，看着沙克尔顿和小船驶离大象岛。(1)left behind为过去分词短语在句中作状语，它与句子主语we具有逻辑上的被动关系。过去分词作状语，表示该分词与主句的主语是被动关系；过去分词短语用作状语，可以表示原因、时间、条件，分别相当于一个表示原因、时间、条件的状语从句。Given a chance, I can surprise the world.给我一次机会，我能使世界震惊。Written in a simple style, the book is popular with young men.这本书风格简约，深受年轻人欢迎。(2)leave . behind遗留；忘记携带；留下(其中leave为及物动词，behind可作副词，也可作介词)I left my hat behind on the chair.我把帽子忘在椅子上了。The lights of the city were soon left behind.都市的灯光不久就被抛在了后面。He left a great fame behind (him)他身后留下了盛名。即境活用12 用所给词的适当形式填空(1)Determined (determine) to train his daughter in computer, he put an ad like this in the paper, “Wanted (want), a computer teacher for a tenyearold girl.”(2)United (unite), we stand; divided (divide), we fall.2When rescue did_come,_we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears.当救援真的到来时，我们长长地松了口气，欣喜不已，许多人忍不住流下了眼泪。句中助动词do放在动词的前面，起加强语气的作用，表示“确实；的确”。这种用法常出现在一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定句中，结构为：do/does/did动词原形。Dont blame Jack any more.He did come to help yesterday.别再责怪杰克了，他昨天确实来帮忙了。She does like you.她的的确确喜欢你。I did meet him in the laboratory yesterday.我昨天的确在实验室里见到了他。即境活用13 用do的适当形式填空(1)A terrible accident did,_however, happen the other day.(2)He does know the place well now.(3)Do write to me when you get there.评论【写作任务】鲁滨孙漂流记述评内容提示：鲁滨孙漂流记是英国小说家丹尼尔笛福(Daniel Defoe)写的一部著名小说。请根据下列要点写一篇简短的述评：(1)该书出版于1719年，它是一本最流行的历险小说。(2)简述小说故事的主要情节。(3)该书部分是根据18世纪苏格兰水手Alexander Selkirk的事迹写的。(4)小说描写细致，引人入胜。参考词汇：selfsufficient adj.自给自足cannibal n食人肉者鲁滨孙漂流记Robinson Crusoe【范文在线】This is a novel written by the English author Daniel Defoe, published in 1719. It is one of the most popular adventure novels in all literature. It is the story of Robinson Crusoe, an Englishman who is shipwrecked on a lonely tropical island. He builds himself a hut, grows his own food, and becomes selfsufficient. After 23 years he meets with a group of cannibals and rescues one of their prisoners, a young native whom he calls Friday. Crusoe and his “man” Friday become close friends, and when they are finally rescued four years later, both return to England.Robinson Crusoe is partly based on the actual deeds of Alexander Selkirk, an 18thcentury Scottish sailor who spent almost five years alone on a desert island. This novel is famous for its lovely details and its expressions of belief in mans ability when left alone in nature.【靓点点击】1本文结构符合评论的写法，一文两段，有介绍，有评论。2所用高级句式This is a novel written by the English author Daniel Defoe, published in 1719. (非谓语动词的使用) It is . Robinson Crusoe, an Englishman (同位语) who is shipwrecked on . (定语从句)。. and when they are finally rescued four years later, both return to England (并列复合句)。3meet with, be based on, leave alone等短语。评论可以对人、事、书、电影等进行评论，一般包括以下几个方面。1用12个简短的段落做一下介绍：书评，要说明作者的姓名、书名，以及书的内容。小说，要说明作者的姓名、小说名以及简要情节等。2说出你的看法：包括你喜欢还是不喜欢的理由。对其开头、结尾、人物的语言、行为等的看法。你看后的感觉、是否要向其他人推荐等，评论要有自己的真情实感。3评论一般多用现在时态。麦琪的礼物是O.Henry写的一篇短篇小说，文中一对新婚夫妇只有两件值钱的东西，丈夫的金表，妻子的那一头美丽的长发。在圣诞节来临之际，妻子为了给丈夫买礼物，卖掉了自己的长发，给丈夫买了金表链；而丈夫却把金表卖了，为妻子买了她非常喜欢的一套梳子。请你为这篇小说写一篇100词左右的评论。参考词汇：麦琪的礼物The Gift of the Magi_参考范文：They are a new couple. They have only two valuables. One is the husbands gold watch, the other the wifes long beautiful hair. But with Christmas coming, they wanted to buy presents for each other; something that can match their beloved. So the wife bought her husband a gold watch chain with the money from her hair, while the husband sold the watch and bought a set of combs for his wife.“It is not surprising that The Gift of the Magi still enjoys such widespread fame, for in this moving little tale of mutual selfsacrifice between husband and wife, OHenry presented dramatically what the fundamental value in ordinary family life is. Unselfish love is shared, regardless of the difficulties. Few stories of ordinary family life in tenderness and universal appeal the qualities found in The Gift of the Magi.”.单词拼写1Weather is changeable at this time of year.2You are my most loyal friend.3She was always optimistic,_even when things were at their worst.4Make sure that your speech is attractive in case the audience will get bored while listening to you talking for a long time.5Business leaders are cautioning (警告) against further actions.6The opening of this section of the road is delayed(耽搁) until September.7My father always discourages (劝阻) me from being a lawyer.8Regular exercise helps keep your weight down.单句改错1Judged from his accent, he must be from Hunan.JudgedJudging2It was in the school where we met for the first time.wherethat3There were such many people in the hall that I didnt find him.suchso4Big companies often delay pay their bills.paypaying5There is no doubt whether he can win the game.whetherthat.完成句子1Its_very_discouraging (很让人沮丧的是) that every time I try to ride a bicycle, I fall off.2Brad was Janes brother!No_wonder/It_was_no_wonder_(that) (难怪) he reminded me so much of Jane!3All the radioactive materials give_off (放射出) the harmful radioactive ray which can be deadly at high levels.4The_caution (警告) on the back of our TV says, “Dont open the cover without profession”5I know you hate him very much, but after_all (毕竟), he is your only brother.6When he was seeing the boring (令人厌烦的) film, he was very disappointed (感到失望的)7The teacher suddenly appeared at the door and the noise in the classroom died_down (逐渐消失)8You should grasp_his_meaning (领会他的意思) when he speaks to you.阅读理解A“Walt Disney World is banning selfiesticks from its theme parks because selfiesticks have become a growing safety concern for both our guests and cast，” Disney World spokeswoman Kim Prunty said.Under a new policy, which takes effect Tuesday, the poles wont make it past the bag check at any Disney World theme park. The sticks also wont be allowed in Disney World water parks or Disney Quest, a gaming attraction at Downtown Disney. Selfiesticks will also become forbidden at Disneyland Resort in California on June 30. The prohibition begins at Disneys parks in Paris and Hong Kong on July 1.Guests will be checked for the equipment during the routine bag check that happens near the parks entrances. They will have an option of turning in their selfiesticks for pickup later or to go back to their cars or hotel rooms to keep them. Visitors will be told of the policy in locations such as the parking lots and at the resorts hotels. The prohibition will be added to the park rules post on Disney Worlds website.The issue has been building at Disney. Previously, the sticks were prohibited from its rides, and “no selfiesticks” signs were at select rides, such as Big Thunder Mountain Railroad at Magic Kingdom. Cast members have given oral warnings to rule breakers.Selfiestick users put smartphones and cameras on the ends of poles to extend their reach, frequently capturing themepark moments through selfportraits. The tools have been banned in public places including some museums and stadiums worldwide for obstructing views or causing safety issues.Disney World already prohibits items such as skateboards, inline skates, wagon, folding chairs and glass containers, according to its official website, which also lists “other items that we determine may be harmful”Universal Orlando has banned selfiesticks and other loose items from certain thrill rides at Universal Studios and Islands of Adventure theme parks, but it has not set parkwide bans.语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了迪斯尼乐园禁止其各大主题公园使用自拍杆的相关情况。1Which of the following objects has already been banned in Disney theme parks before the new policy takes effect?ASmartphones.BFolding chairs.CCameras. DContainers.解析：选B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，在新政策生效前，迪斯尼主题公园已禁止使用的是折叠椅。故B项正确。2According to the ban, if the guests are found carrying selfiesticks during the routine bag check, they may _.Aabandon them at the bag checkBget fined and pick them up laterCturn them in to the policeDput them in the trunk of their cars解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，游客可将其放到车子的后备箱。故D项正确。3The underlined word in the fifth paragraph probably means “_”Achanging BbroadeningCblocking Dnarrowing解析：选C词义猜测题。根据第五段最后一句及常识可推知，高高举起的自拍杆将会遮住游客的视线且存在安全隐患，故画线词“obstructing”意为“阻碍”。block意为“阻止”，与其意思最接近。故C项正确。4According to the passage, it can be inferred that _.Athe ban on the use of selfiesticks is aimed at ensuring securityBpreviously guests can take photos with selfiesticks on thrill ridesCthe staff in Disneyland will inform visitors of the ban only orallyDUniversal Orlando has banned selfiesticks parkwide解析：选A推理判断题。根据第一段并结合第五段最后一句“The tools have been banned . causing safety issues.”可知，迪斯尼乐园禁用自拍杆是为了保证游客安全。故A项正确。BMany years ago, an experiment in education was carried out in secret at a school in England.The school had two classes for children of the same age.At the end of the school year an examination was held, in order to select the children for the classes of next year.However, the results of the exam were never made known.In secret, based on their performance in the exam, the higher performing and lower performing children were divided equally between the two classes.Only the headmaster and the psychologists knew the truth.Teachers for the next year were carefully selected for equal ability and experience.Even the classrooms were chosen with similar facilities (设备)Everything was made as equal as possible, except for one thing: one was called “Class A”， the other, “Class B”In everyones minds the children in Class A were the clever ones, and the kids in Class B were not so clever.Some of the parents of the Class A children were pleasantly surprised that their children had done so well and rewarded them with presents and praise, while the parents of some of the Class B kids complained that their children did not work hard enough and took away some of their rewards.Even the teachers taught the Class B kids in a different manner, not expecting so much from them.For a whole year the illusion existed.Then there was another end of year exam.The results were not surprising.The children of Class A performed so much better than those of Class BIn fact, the results were just as if they had been the top half chosen from last years exam.They had become “Class A” children.And those in the other group, though equal the year before, had now become “Class B” kids.That was what they were told for a whole year, that was how they were treated, and that was what they believed so that was what they became.语篇解读：本文是说明文，介绍了一个令人深思的教育实验：学生资质相当且学习条件相同的两个班由于分别接受积极和消极的外部影响，一年以后两个班的成绩出现明显差距。这证明了外部影响的重要性。5According to the text, it is a fact that _.Athe Class A kids worked harderBthe Class A kids had better facilitiesCkids in the two classes had equal abilityDteachers of Class A were more experienced解析：选C细节理解题。由第一段的“Everything was made as equal as possible, except .”及第三段的“And those in the other group, though equal the year before”可知，两个班的学生资质相当而且学习条件相同。6The underlined word “illusion” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “_”Areward systemBfalse impressionCteaching plan Dold tradition解析：选B词义猜测题。由该词所在段落的内容尽管两个班的孩子无区别，但由于班级冠名
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