语言学选择题

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上语言学1._A_ is the study of speech sounds in language or a language with reference to their distribution and patterning and to tacit rules governing pronunciation.A. Phonology B. Lexicography C. Lexicology D. Morphology2. _C_ is defined as the scientific study of language, studying language in general.A. Psycholinguistics B. Neurolinguistics C. Linguistics D. Phonetics3. Which of the linguistic items listed below is best described as the smallest unit of meaning? B A. the word B. the morpheme C. the phoneme D. the clause4. A prefix is an affix which appears _B_.A. after the stem B. before the stem C. in the middle of the stem D. below the stem 5. Which of the following is true? _C_A. Phonetics is the study of pronunciation. B. Phonetics is the scientific study of the movement of sound waves. C. Phonetics is the scientific study of the sounds of language. D. Phonetics is the scientific study of the organs of speech.6. “Whats in a name? That which we call a rose By any other name would smell as sweet So Romeo would, were he not Romeo called,” (Romeo and Juliet, Act 2, Scene 2, 435)To what characteristic of language dose Shakespeare refer? _D_ A. Creativity B. Productivity C. Duality D. Arbitrariness7. Language, as a system, consists of two sets of structures or two levels, which is known as _A_, one of a design features of human language. A. Duality B. Displacement C. Productivity D. Arbitrariness 8. The different members of a phoneme, sounds which are phonetically different but do not make one word different from another in meaning, are _D_. A. phonemes B. phones C. sounds D. allophones9. What is complementary distribution? _A_ A. Different places of occurrence of allophones within a word. B. When a phone can only occur at the end of a word. C. When an allophone occurs at the beginning of a word. D. Contrastive distribution of allophones10. _D_ deals with the analysis and creation of words, idioms and collocations. A. Morpheme B. Vocabulary C. Root D. Lexicon1. Cold and hot are called _B_ antonyms. A. complementary B. gradable C. reversal D. converse2. “I regret that I cant help you.” This is an example of _C_. A. representatives B. directivesC. expressives D. commissives3. What is the duality of the language? _D_ A. Letters and sounds B. Sounds and symbolsC. Symbols and meaning D. sounds and meaning4. “I bought some roses” _A_ “I bought some flowers”. A. entails B. presupposes C. is inconsistent with D. is synonymous with5. Of the following linguists, _C_ should be grouped into Prague School. A. Bloomfield B. SaussureC. Jakobson D. Firth6. Damage in and around the angular gyrus of the parietal lobe often causes the impairment of reading and writing ability, which is often referred to as acquired _C_. A. diglossia B. aphasiaC. dyslexia D. dysgraphia 7. _A_ A Dictionary of the English Language established a uniform standard for the spelling and word use. A. Samuel Johnsons B. Bishop Lowths C. Firths D. Samuel Johns8. What is phonology? _B_ A. The study of how speech sounds are made, transmitted and received B. The study of the function, behavior and organization of speech sounds as linguistic items. C. The study of the International Phonetic Alphabet. D. The study of all possible speech sounds. 9. The morpheme “cast” in the common word “telecast” is a (n) _D_. A. bound morpheme B. bound form C. inflectional morpheme D. free morpheme10. A phoneme is _D_. A. a set of different realization of a phone B. a set of contrastive allophones in free variation C. a set of phones in complementary distribution D. a set of phonetically similar noncontrastive phones 1. Firstly, to which of these language groups dose English belong? _A_ A. Germanic B. Slavonic C. romance D. Baltic2. What is defined as “the study of sentence structure”? _D_ A. Morphology B. SemanticsC. Phonology D. Syntax3. According to Krashen, _D_ refers to the gradual and subconscious development of ability in the first language by using it naturally in daily communicative situations. A. learning B. competenceC. performance D. acquisition4. There are different types of affixes or morphemes. The affix “ed” in the word “learned” is known as a(n) _C_. A. derivational morpheme B. free morpheme C. inflectional morpheme D. free form5. _C_ studies the total stock of morphemes of a language, especially those items which have clear semantic references. A. Phonology B. LexicologyC. Morphology D. Lexicography6. As a type of linguistic system in L2 learning, _A_ is a product of L2 training, mother tongue interference, overgeneralization of the target language rules, and learning and communicative strategies of the learner. A. interlanguage B. interferenceC. language transfer D. linguistic relativity7. _A_ means the lack of a logical connection between the form of something and its expression in sounds. A. Arbitrariness B. Abstractness C. Ambiguity D. Fuzziness8. The term _B_ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language change over various periods of time and at various historical stages. A. synchronic B. diachronicC. comparative D. historical comparative 9. When a speech sound changes and becomes more like another sound that follows or precedes it, it is said to be _D_. A. nasalized B. voiced C. aspirated D. assimilated10. F. de Saussure is a (n) _C_ linguist. A. American B. British C. Swiss D. Russian1. N. Chomsky is a (n) _A_ linguist. A. American B. CanadaC. Swiss D. French2. The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis has two thrusts: _B_ and _. A. Linguistic description, Linguistic determinism B. Linguistic determinism, Linguistic relativity C. Linguistic relativity, Linguistic description D. Linguistic determinism, Linguistic performance3. A special language variety that mixes or blends languages and used by people who speak different language for restricted purpose is _A_. A. pidigin B. creoleC. dialect D. blends4. By _B_, we refer to word forms which differ from each other only by one sound, e.g. “pin” and “bin”. A. complementally distribution B. minimal pair C. Adjacency pair D. codeswitching5. When two sounds never occur in the same environment they said to be in _A_. A. complementary distribution B. free variation C. co-occurrence D. minimal pair6. _D_ century is considered to be the beginning of Modern English. A. 18th B. 17thC. 19th D. 16th7. Conventionally a _B_ is put in slashes. A. allophone B. phoneme C. phone D. morpheme8. _D_ is a principle of scientific method, based on the belief that the only things valid enough to confirm or refute o scientific theory are interpersonally observable phenomena, rather than peoples introspections or intuitions. A. Mentalism B. Functional grammar C. Case grammar D. Behaviorism9. According to Searle, those illocutionary acts whose point is to commit the speaker to some future course of action are called _C_. A. expressives B. directives C. commisives D. declaratives*10. A _C_ is often seen as part of a word, but it can never stand by itself although it bears clear, definite meaning. A. morpheme B. wordC. root D. phoneme1. Linguistics is the scientific study of _C_. A. a particular language B. the English languageC. human language in general D. the system of a particular language2. _A_ is the language that a learner constructs at a given stage of SLA. A. Interlanguage B. IdeologyC. Dialect D. Interference3. Phonological rules that govern the combination of sounds in a particular language are called _ B_ rule. A. Deletion B. SequentialC. superasegmental D. Assimilation4. “There is no direct link between a linguistic form and what it refers to”. This is the _B_ view concerning the study of meaning. A. naming theory B. conceptualistC. contextualist D. behaviorist5. English consonants can be classified into stops, fricatives, nasals, etc. , in terms of _A_. A. manner of articulation B. openness of mouthC. place of articulation D. voicing6. According to Chomsky, _A_ is the ideal users internalized knowledge of his language. A. competence B. paroleC. performance D. langue7. _A_ is not a suprasegmental feature. A. Aspiration B. IntonationC. Stress D. Tone8. _A_ is a phenomenon that L2 learners subconsciously use their L1language in their learning process. A. Language transfer B. BlendingC. Interference D. Cooperative9. _C_ are affixes added to an existing form to create a new word, e.g. in-,-er. A. inflectional morpheme B. free morphemeC. derivational morpheme D. root10. Writing is the secondary language form based on _B_. A. sound B. speech C. gesture D. sign1. _C_ covers the study of language use in relation to context, and in particular the study of linguistic communication. A. Semantics B. SociolinguisticsC. Pragmatics D. Linguistics2. Morphemes that represent “tense”, “number”, “gender”, “case” and so on are called _A_ morphemes. A. inflectional B. freeC. bound D. derivational 3. Which of the following is not a compound word? _C_ A. clearway B. rainbowC. scarcity D. without4. The fact that ability to speak a language is transmitted from generation to generation by process of learning, and not genetically is referred to as _A_. A. culture transmission B. performanceC. competence D. acquisition5. _C_ is the language of Angles, Saxons and Jutes who invaded Britain after AD 450. A. Old Norse B. CleticC. Old English D. Middle English6. A group of two or more consonants together in a syllable is called a (n) _C_. A. arresting cluster B. releasing clusterC. consonant cluster D. syllable7. The semantic features of the word “woman” can be expressed as _C_. A. +ANIMATE, - HUMAN, +ADULT, +MALE B. + ANIMATE, + HUMAN, - ADULT, + MALEC. + ANIMATE, + HUMAN, + ADULT, - MALED. + ANIMATE, - HUMAN, - ADULT, - MALE8. _A_ is to refer to an auxiliary language used to enable routine communication to take place between groups of people who speak different native languages. A. Lingua franca B. Dialect C. Pidgin D. Ethnic dialect9. _A_ is the study of the relationship between brain and language, including research into how the structure of the brain influences language learning.A. Neurolinguistics B. PsyhcholingisticsC. Applied Linguistics D. Sociolinguistics10. Modern synchronic linguistics traditionally dates from the _B_ of Swiss scholar Ferdinand de Saussure. A. Syntactic structure B. Cours de Linguitique GeneralC. De Lingua Latina D. Language and Mind 1. According to the strong version of the _A_ hypothesis, language determines speakers perceptions and patterns their way of life. A. Sapir Whorf B. inputC. Grim D.Innateness2. Which of the following is true? _D_ A. In the history of any language the writing system always came into being before the spoken form. B. A compound is the combination of only two words.C. The division of English into old English, Middle English, and Modern English is nonconventional and not arbitrary. D. If a child is deprived of linguistic environment, he or she is unlikely to learn a language successfully later on.3. Which of the following statements is not true? _D_ A. Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication. B. Language is human specificC. Language is relatively stable and systematic while parole is subject to personal and situational constraints D.The first language was invented by Adam, the first man.4. A group of people who do in fact have the opportunity to interact with each other and who share not just a single language with its related varieties but also attitudes to- ward linguistic norms are defined as _B_. A. speech variety B. speech communityC. register D. sociolect5. “Your money or your life?” is an example of _C_. A. representative B. expressiveC. directives D.commissives6. Which of the following distinctive features can be used to separate p and b? _D_ A. stop B. fricativesC. bilabial D.voiced 7. _D_ studies the total stock of morphemes of a language particularly those items which have clear semantic references. A. Lexicography B. Phonology C. Lexicology D. Morphology8. _C_ theorized that acquisition of language is an innate process determined by biological factors which limit the important period for acquisition of a language from roughly two years of age to puberty. A. Input hypothesis B. Interaction hypothesisC. Critical period hypothesis D.Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis9. An example of _C_ would be the change in meaning undergone by the OE word, docga, modern day dog. In OE docga referred to a particular breed of dog, while in modern usage it refers to the class of dogs as a whole. A. semantic degradations B. semantic reductionsC. semantic extensions D. semantic elevation10. According to Chomsky, the child is born with a built in set of rules, which have the specific function of enabling her to construct the grammar of her mother tongue. This view is to be seen as _C_. A. Input hypothesis B. X-theoryC. Language acquisition device D.Universal grammar1. “Old” and “Young” are a pair of _D_ opposites. A. complementary B. relationalC. converse D. gradable 2. Systemic-Functional Grammar, one of the most influential linguistic theories in the 20th century, is put forward by _B_. A. Chomsky B. HallidayC. Firth D.Malinowski3. Vowels that are produced between the positions for a front and back vowel are called _D_ vowel.A. back B. frontC. unrounded D.central4. From Hallidays viewpoint, language is a form of realization of _D_ rather than a form of realization of_.A. knowing, doing B. thinking, knowingC. doing, thinking D.doing, knowing5. _D_ believes that language learning is simply a matter of imitation and habit formation. A. The innatist B. The interactionistC. The behaviorist D.The mentalist6._C_studies the physical properties of speech sound, as transmitted between mouth and ear.A. Articulatory phonetics B. Physiological phonetics C Acoustic phonetics D. Auditory phonetics7. Creativity refers to _B_.A. the unconscious knowledge that language users have in their minds B. the capacity of language users to produce and understand an indefinitely large number of sentences C. a property claimed to be characteristic of all languages D. animals capacity to learn more than one human language8. Fossilization is a process _ A_.A. in which incorrect linguistic features became a permanent part of a learners competence B. in which incorrect as well as correct linguistic features became a permanent part of a learners competence, but the correct items gradually delete the incorrect items C. which can happen as a result of teachers disapproval of an incorrect item D.A and C are correct9. “Competence” refers to _B_.A. knowledge of meaning of words and sentences B. a speakers unconscious knowledge about his/her language C. the actual use of a speakers unconscious knowledge about his/her language D. the laws that pertain to all languages throughout the world10. _A_ refers to unintentionally deviation from the adult grammar of a native speaker.A. An error B. A mistake C. A slip of the tongue D. Fossilization1. _C_ is a multiword construction that is a semantic unit whose meaning cannot be deduced from the meanings of its constituents.A. semantic component B. collocation C. idiom D. reference2. The distinction between langue and parole is similar to that between _B_. A. prescriptive and descriptive B. competence and performance C. speech and writing D. synchronic and diachronic3. Nouns, verbs, and adjectives can be classified as _A_.A. open class words B. grammatical words C. closed class words D. function words4. What is the meaning relationship between the two words “furniture/bed”? _B_ A. polysemy B. hyponymy C. homonymy D. antonymy 5. Which descriptio