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第10课 八年级上册UNITS 56重点词汇与短语 1. make 观察思考 He often makes faces to make us laugh. 他经常做鬼脸使我们发笑。 The rainy days make me sad. 下雨天使我沮丧。 Mr. Hu always makes it interesting to learn English. 胡先生总是使学英语变得有趣。归纳拓展make 动词，意为“制作” & “使”。make sb. do sth. 意为“使/让某人做某事”， be made to do sth. 被迫使做某事。make sb. 形容词 意为“使某人”。make it 形容词to do sth. 意为“使做某事”。相关短语： make it及时抵达，约定； make(a) noise制造噪音；make room for 为腾空间；make a mistake犯错误；make a contribution to致力于；make a decisionmake up ones mind作决定，下决心；make the bed整理床铺； make faces做鬼脸； make a cake 做蛋糕；make sure确信；make sentences造句；make a living 谋生；make up 由组成，占成份。注：make 与do的区别。make指做东西或制东西(使东西从“无”到“有”)，如：make a cake做蛋糕；do指做一件具体的事，如：do homework做作业。 即学即用1： (1)这些花使房间变得更加美了。 The flowers the room . (2)不要让这小男孩做他不喜欢做的事。 Dont the little boy what he doesnt enjoy doing. (3)因特网使我们更容易了解世界上正在发生的事。 Internet it much easier for us whats happening in the world. (4)我喜欢跟性格外向的人交朋友。 I like to with people who are outgoing. (5)你将能做你喜欢的事来谋生。 Youll be able to something you love.makemore beautifulmakedomakesto knowmake friendsmake a living doing 2. lesson 观察思考 Our lessons begin at 8：00 am. 我们早上8点开始上课。 I have a piano lesson on Wednesday. 星期三我有一节钢琴课。 归纳拓展 lesson名词，意为“课；功课”，相当于class。 意为“教训”，give sb. a lesson 给某人一个教训。 即学即用2： ( )The singer felt very sorry and decided he would never drive again after drinking. The traffic accident was really a _ to him.(2011丽水) A. game B. pleasure C. skill D. lessonD 3. be good at 观察思考 He is good at singing. 他擅长于唱歌。 She does well in English. 他英语学得很好。 归纳拓展 be good atdo well in意为“擅长于，在某方面做得好”。 at, in 是介词，后接名词、代词或ving。 即学即用3： She is good at writing.(改为同义句) She in writing.does well重点句型 1. Whats today? 典例体验 Whats today? Tuesday, the 12th. 今天几号星期几？12号星期二。 归纳拓展 Whats today? 询问几号，星期几。 Whats the date？ 询问几月几号。 What day is it？ 询问星期几？ 即学即用4： (1) ? Its Sunday, the third. (2) today? Today is November 1st.Whats todayWhats the date2. Im more outgoing than my sister. 典例体验 Peter is funnier than Paul. 彼得比保罗有趣。 Liu Ying talks more than Liu Li. 刘英比刘丽健谈。 Im a little taller than her. 我比她高一点儿。 归纳拓展 形容词、副词的比较级用来比较两个人或物。 比较级的结构：在单音节或双音节形容词的词尾加er，在部分双音节、三音节或三音节以上的形容词前加more，在形容词后加than；通常我们用a little, much, even等修饰比较级。 即学即用5： (1)Sandy is (heavy) than Millie. (2)Nancy jumps (far) than any other student in our school.heavierfarther3. Not only his parents but also he likes living in China. 典例体验 She is famous not only in the USA, but also in other parts of the world. 她不仅在美国而且在世界其他地方也很有名。 I like not only reading but also painting after school. 放学后，我不仅喜欢看书而且喜欢画画。 归纳拓展 not only.but also.意为“不仅而且” 连接两个并列形式的词或短语。当它连接两个并列形式作主语时，句中的动词与离它最近的主语在人称和数量上保持一致。 即学即用6： ( ) Not only the students but also their teacher _ to see the film called Kungfu Panda this weekend. A. want B. wants C. wanted D. is wantedB易混辨异 1. take part in, join 观察思考 Can you take part in my birthday party？ 你能来参加我的生日派对吗？ He joined the swimming club two years ago. 他两年前加入游泳俱乐部。 归纳拓展 take part in参加某种活动、运动或比赛，并在活动中负有责任。 join参加、加入某一学派或组织，成为其中一员。 join sb.加入某人。 即学即用7： (1)She likes painting, so she wants to the art club. (2)Our school will hold a sports meeting. Will you it? (3)They will go to the zoo next Sunday, would you like to them? jointake part injoin 2. beat, win 观察思考 He always beat me in tennis. 他打网球总是赢我。 He won a game. 他胜一局。 归纳拓展 beat 动词，意为“打败”。beat后可接人或队名。意思是“击败对手”。 win动词，意为“赢得(某个项目)”，后面常接“match, game”。 即学即用8： ( )We _ class 3, and _ the table tennis match last Friday. Congratulations to you! A. won; beat B. won; won C. beat; beat D. beat; wonD 3. both, neither, either 观察思考 I like both of the stories.这 两个故事我都喜欢。 Neither of the boys is from England. 这两个男孩都不是来自英国。 When shall we go, on Saturday or Sunday? 我们什么时候去，星期六，还是星期天？ Either is OK. Im free this weekend. 哪一天都行，这个周末我有空。归纳拓展both指“两者都”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。both.and.表示“与两者都”， 作主语时，谓语动词仍用复数形式。neither意思为“两者都不”，作主语时谓语动词用单数。neither.nor表示 “既不也不”。作主语时，谓语动词也遵循就近原则。 either是指两者中的任意一方、每一个，故作主语时谓语动词用单数。either.or.表示两者选其一，意为是“要么要么”。作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。 即学即用9： ( )(1)Which of the two shirts do you like better? Its hard to say. _ are OK. A. All B. Both C. Either D. Each ( )(2)Who will go to the party, Jim or Bill? _. They have a soccer match at that time. A . Both B. Either C. Neither D. NoneBC ( )(3)Which would you like, tea or coffee? _ is OK, I dont mind. A. Either B. Both C. Neither D. EachA 4. all, none 观察思考 We are all from Canada. All of us are from Canada. We all come from Canada. 我们都来自加拿大。 None of us is/are afraid of dogs. 我们都不怕狗。 归纳拓展 all “全部的，所有的” 表示三者或三者以上，作同位语时，一般放在系动词或助动词之后，行为动词之前。 none “没有一人或物”表示三者或三者以上都不，后常跟介词of。 即学即用10： ( )(1)We _ here, lets start off right now. A. all are B. are all C. all D. every is ( )(2) _ of them knows which way is right. They have to call their teacher for help. A. Both B. All C. None D. EveryBC ( )(3) _ of the three boys like Jay. Listen, they are singing Dao Xiang. A. Both B. None C. All D. EveryC 5. ill, sick 观察思考 Li Lei was ill/sick last week. 李磊上周生病了。 Hes a sick man. 他是病人。 归纳拓展 二者都是形容词。当“生病的，患病的”之意时，ill只作表语，不作定语；而sick既可作表语也可作定语。sick有“呕吐，恶心”的意思，此时只能作表语，而ill无此意。 即学即用11： (1)A healthy beggar is happier than a king. (2)The old man has been in bed for a long time.sickill 6. every, each 观察思考 Every child likes playing games. 每个孩子都喜欢玩游戏。 Each student has a dictionary. 每个学生都有一本字典。 Each of them has a nice skirt. 她们每人都有一条漂亮的裙子。 归纳拓展 every “每一个”，只能用作形容词；强调共性(从整体着眼), 形式上为单数。every只用于三者或三者以上。 each “每一个”，可以用作形容词、副词和代词；强调个性(从个体着眼)，常与of连用。each 可用于两者或两者以上。 即学即用12： ( )(1)There are trees on _ sides of the street. A. each B. every C. both D. each of ( )(2) _ of them has his own duty. A. Every B. Each C. Both D. All ( )(3) _ student is moved by the story. A. Every B. Each C. Both D. AllCBA 7. the other, another, the others, others 观察思考 I have two brothers. One is a doctor, the other is a teacher. 我有两个兄弟，一个是医生，另一个是老师。 The cake is delicious, could I have another one? 这蛋糕很好吃，我可以再吃一块吗？ In the room some people are from UK, the others are from France. 屋子里有些人来自英国，其他人都来自法国。 After school, some students go to the library, others do sports on the playground. 放学后有些学生去图书馆，其他人在操场上锻炼。归纳拓展the other 指“两者中的另一个”，常用结构：one., the other.(一个另一个)。another泛指三个以上的不定数目中的“另外一个”。the others指整体中去掉一部分后剩余的全部。常用结构：some.the others.(一些其余的人(都)。others指整体中去掉一部分后剩余的部分，但不是全部的，常用结构： some.others.(一些.其余的人)。 即学即用13： (1)I have two shirts. One is white, is black. (2)The coat is too small for me, could you please show to me. (3)He has many stamps. Some are from his father, are from his friends. (4)He is taller than any other boy in his class. He is taller than the other boys in his class. He is the of all the boys in his class.the otheranotherotherstallest对点训练. 单词拼写 1. (每个) of them has a different answer to the question. 2. Danny did all kinds of things to make the baby stop (哭) 3. She has to look after her (生病的) father at home. 4. Two places of interest in Beijing are wellknown to people from home and abroad. One is the Great Wall, the (另一个) is the Summer Palace. 5. Would you like to (参加) us in playing basketball.Eachcryingsickotherjoin . 单项选择 ( )1. I have to well prepare for the math test tomorrow because it _ 30% of the final exam.(2011杭州) A. sets up B. puts up C. uses up D. makes up 解析：考查动词辨析。句意：我得好好为明天的数学考试做准 备，因为它占期末测试的30%。“make up组成”符合题意。D ( )2. Lets _ some dumplings right now. OK. Ill cut up the meat first.(2011台州) A. eat B. buy C. heat D. make 解析：考查动词辨析。下文：先把肉切碎。 可知：make some dumplings做饺子。故选D。D ( )3. In the past the children were made _15 hours a day. (2011枣庄) A. to lock B. work C. to work D. lock 解析：考查动词不定式。句意：过去孩子们被迫一天工作15 小时。make意为 “使”，在被动语态中to不能省略，即be made to do sth.被迫做某事。故选C。C ( )4. Have you seen the funny movie Let the Bullet Fly? Yes, it made me _ many times.(2011宁波) A. laugh B. cry C. sleep D. sing 解析：考查动词辨析。上文funny滑稽的，可知“laugh笑”为 正确选项。A ( )5. If you cant decide which of the two books to borrow, why dont you take _？ I wont read them this month. A. both B. all C. any D. either 解析：考查不定代词。句意：如果你不能决定两本书中该借 哪一本，为什么不两本都拿呢？这个月我不会看他们。 “both两者都”符合题意。A ( )6. The books are so nice, which one can I take? Oh, you can take _ of them. Ill keep none. A. both B. all C. neither D. either 解析：考查不定代词。上文句意：这些书太好了，我可以带 走哪本呢？下文句意：我一本也不保留。None指(三者以上) 都不。故“all(三者或三者以上)都”符合题意。 B ( )7. The shoes dont fit me. Would you please show me _？ Sure. Here you are. A. the other one B. the others C. another pair D. another one 解析：考查短语辨析。泛指另外一个用another；shoes鞋子 为复数名词，应用“pair双”来表示。C ( )8. Which would you like, tea or coffee? Either _ OK, but I prefer coffee _ milk. A. is; has B. are; has C. is; with D. are; has 解析：考查主谓一致与介词。either意为“两者之一”，谓语 动词应用单数；“加牛奶的咖啡”，介词用with。故选C。C ( )9. Maybe bamboo has more uses than _ in the world. A. any plant B. all the plants C. other plant D. any other plant 解析：考查辨析。bamboo竹子是植物中的一种，故A、B项 不符合题意；C项plant应用复数形式。故选D。D ( )10. _ you _ your brother can join us. We want one of you. A. Both; and B. Neither; nor C. Either; or D. Not only; but also 解析：考查句意。下文：我们只要你们中的一个。 故“either.or.要么，要么”符合题意。C ( )11. The water in the lakes and rivers in Yunnan became _ because of the dry weather. A. fewer and fewer B. more and more C. less and less D. little and little 解析：考查形容词。比较级and比较级，表示 “越来 越”；water水，不可数名词；dry weather 干燥的 天气。可见“less and less越来越少”符合题意。C ( )12. Going to South Africa for the World Cup makes me _，for I am a football fan. A. relaxed B. relaxing C. excited D. exciting 解析：考查形容词辨析。上文“去南非看世界杯足球赛” 与 下文“我是个足球迷”可知 “excited令人激动的”符合题意。C ( )13. Jeff, our team _ the match. Well done. Congratulations! A. beat B. failed C. won D. hit 解析：考查动词辨析。赢得比赛用win。C ( )14. Maria _ drawing than her twin sister. A. is better for B. is better at C. is better to D. is better in 解析：do better in 的原级为do well in，它的同义短语为 be good at，be good at 的比较级为be better at。B ( )15. _ Henrys mother _ his father speaks Chinese. They both speak Chinese. A. Either; or B. Neither; nor C. Both; and D. Not only; but also 解析：考查主谓一致。下文：他们两个都说中文，可知A、B项 不选；speaks为第三人称单数形式。故D项符合题意。D写作训练 感悟提高 六月六日是“全国爱眼日”。为此，某中学生英文报组织一次征文活动。请你结合生活实际写一篇题目为如何保护眼睛的征文稿。 内容要点包括： 1. 眼睛的重要性； 2. 保护眼睛的措施： (1)不要长时间看书报； (2)不要在太强或者太弱的光线下看书； (3)坚持做眼保健操； 注意：1.词数：80100； 2不要逐条翻译，可适当发挥。 思路点拨 写好本文可分三步：首先要开篇点题，说明眼睛的重要性，如眼睛是心灵的窗户，我们只有用眼睛才会清楚地了解周围的世界等；第二步要具体说明保护眼睛的措施。除提示中已给出的三点措施外，还可以再增加一至两条。最后提出期望或发出爱眼的号召等。 参考句式 We use eyes to see the world around us. Without eyes, . How to protect our eyes? Its not right to. Dont read. Youd better. Eat a balanced diet 参考答案How to Protect Our Eyes Eye is the window of our mind. We use our eyes to see everything around us. Without eyes, nothing is left beside you but darkness. How to protect our eyes? Its not right to keep your eyes working for a long time. Youd better not read in a strong or poor light. Dont read in bed or on a moving bus. Remember to keep your books away from your eyes for about a foot and do eye exercises every day. Whats more, a balanced diet is necessary. Follow my advice and form a good habit. You can say goodbye to thick glasses.完成考点跟踪训练 10
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