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专题五：状语从句在复合句中由在复合句中由从句表示的状语从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它称作状语从句，它来说明一件事情发生的时间来说明一件事情发生的时间, ,地点地点, ,原因原因, ,条件条件, ,结结果等果等. . u 准确掌握每一个准确掌握每一个连词连词的含义是掌握的含义是掌握状语从句的关键。状语从句的关键。u 同时要注意主从句的同时要注意主从句的时态呼应时态呼应。九种常用的状语从句九种常用的状语从句 时间状语从句时间状语从句地点状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句原因状语从句条件状语从句条件状语从句让步状语从句让步状语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句目的状语从句目的状语从句方式状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句比较状语从句 状语从句有九种，状语从句有九种， 时地原因条状补，时地原因条状补，目比结果方让步，目比结果方让步，连词引导各不同；连词引导各不同；主句通常前面走，主句通常前面走， 连词引导紧随后，连词引导紧随后，从句若在主前头，从句若在主前头， 主从之间有个逗。主从之间有个逗。状语从状语从句类型句类型从属连词从属连词时间时间when，whenever，while，as，before，after，since，till, until，notuntil, the moment，immediately，no soonerthan，the first/secondtime，instantly， hardlywhen地点地点where, wherever, everywhere, anywhere原因原因because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that)结果结果so that, sothat, suchthat条件条件if，unless，as long as, suppose，supposing，in case，so far as，provided目的目的so，so that，in order that，for fear that，lest让步让步although, though, however (=no matter how), even if, whetheror方式方式as，as if，as though比较比较asas，not asso as ，than1.While I was wondering at this, our schoolmaster took his place. ( )2. Where there is a will, there is a way. ( )3. Now that/Since everybody is here, lets begin our meeting. （ ）4. Ill speak slowly so that you can understand me. ( )5. So clever was he a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems. ( )6. As long as you dont lose heart, youll succeed. ( )7. Try as he might, he could not find a job. ( )8. The old lady treats the boy as if he were his own son. ( ) 时间时间地点地点原因原因目的目的结果结果条件条件让步让步方式方式掌握：掌握：1. when / while / as2. before / after / since3. till / until4. as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute5. time名词短语名词短语When 既可指某一时间点既可指某一时间点,也可指一也可指一段时间段时间; while指指“在某一段时间里在某一段时间里”，“在在期间期间”，引导的动作必须是持，引导的动作必须是持续性的续性的; as强调主句和从句的动作同时发强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。生。,翻译成翻译成”一边一边一边一边”; “随着随着”nWhen he returned, his wife was cooking.nWhile he was reading, his wife was cooking.nAs he was reading, he was listening to the radio. nAs time goes by, we have gained more knowledge.用WHEN, WHILE , AS填空1. _ I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of the store. 2. _ John arrived, I was cooking lunch.3. _ he grew older, he lost interest in everything except gardening.When/whileWhenAs 2. before It will be +一段时间一段时间+before从句从句(does) 要过要过才能做才能做It will not be +一段时间一段时间+before从句从句 要不了要不了 就能做就能做It was +一段时间一段时间+before从句从句(did)过了过了做了做了It was not+一段时间一段时间+before从句从句(did) 没过没过做了做了n1.It will be three days before you can open the cover of the jar. n2.It will not be ten years before we meet again. n3.It was ten years before we did the experiment. n4. It was not long before we returned back.ExamplesIt ishas been five years since Tom began to smoke.汤姆吸烟有五年了。汤姆吸烟有五年了。It ishas been five years since Tom smoked a cigar.汤姆不吸烟有五年了。汤姆不吸烟有五年了。SinceSince引导的从句的谓语动词可以是引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性延续性的动的动词，又可以是词，又可以是瞬时瞬时动词。一般情况下，动词。一般情况下，从句从句谓谓语动词用语动词用一般过去时一般过去时。句型：句型： 1.It is +一段时间一段时间+ since从句从句延续性动词延续性动词: :否定翻译否定翻译短暂性动词短暂性动词: :直译直译It ishas been three years since he graduated from college.自从他大学毕业以来已经三年了。自从他大学毕业以来已经三年了。It ishas been three years since he lived here.他不住在这儿有三年了。他不住在这儿有三年了。5. NOT UNTIL 句型 与强调句型结合与强调句型结合I didnt go to sleep until he came back. 与倒装句式结合与倒装句式结合It was not until he came back that I went to sleep.Not until he came back did I go to sleep.6“一就”1). As soon as I arrive in Shanghai, Ill write to you.2). upon on +V-ing /n. at + n. On leaving home, he realized how important the family is.The crying boy smiled at the sight of his mother.3).immediately +句子句子4).the +时间名词时间名词(minute/moment )+句子句子5). hardlywhen no soonerthan我刚一到家，就下雨了。我刚一到家，就下雨了。 I had hardly got home when it began to rain. =Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.=No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.every time, each time, next time, the first time, any time, all the time 等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当；每次；下次”等。Every/ Each time I was in trouble, he would come to help me out.Next time you come, do remember to bring your son here.The last time she saw James, he was lying in bed.A AD DB BB BD DA AC CD DB BC CC CA AB B 二，让步状语从句(即使，虽然，无论)1) though/although不能与不能与but连用连用, 但可与但可与yet或或still连用连用Although (Though) he was over sixty, (yet) he began to learn French.2) even if/even though“即使即使,纵使纵使” Ill go even if (though) it rains tomorrow.3) While “即使，尽管即使，尽管”，一般放在句首，一般放在句首While I felt I tried my best to get along with him, he still was unsatisfied with me. 4) no matter +疑问词疑问词 /wheverNo matter how busy he was, he studied English every day.No matter what the weather it is, the meeting will be held on time5) as 倒装句倒装句Child as he is , he knows a lot .Cold as it is, (= Though it is cold,) the children play outdoors. 6）whetheror（不管（不管/不论不论还是）还是）, in spite of/ despite (the fact that） A AB BA AB B三，条件状语从句三，条件状语从句连接词：连接词：if , unless( ifnot)除非除非, so/as long as只要只要, in case以防万一以防万一, once一旦，一旦， only if(只要只要), on condition that(只要只要) 注意：注意：分清真实条件句和非真实条件句，分清真实条件句和非真实条件句，If I were you, I would ask the police for help.非真实条件句中要用虚拟语气非真实条件句中要用虚拟语气练习 1. Short hair styles make the face look longer, especially _there are curls on the top. 2. Life continues _the damage done to the body is too serious. 3. There is hope _ life continues. 4. Ill come _ John is invited, too. 5. _ the match is cancelled, what can we do for the weekend?ifunlessas long asIn caseon condition that时时 间间 If 条件句条件句主主 句句现在现在if+主语主语+did(be用用were) + do sth过去过去 if+主语主语+had done + have done将来将来 did (were ) should do were to do + do sthwould should couldmight一般条件句中的虚拟语气一般条件句中的虚拟语气 地点状语从句通常由where, wherever（where的强势语）和everywhere，anywhere等引导，是表示空间关系的状语从句。 1. Where there is a will, there is a way. 2. I found my books where I had left them. 注意： 在地点状语从句之前，不要使用介词。【误】You should put the book at where it was.【正】You should put the book where it was. 你应该把书放在原来的地方。 判断下列句子类型判断下列句子类型1. You would let your children play where you can see them.2. You would let your children play in the place where you can see them.3. Youd better make a mark where you have any questions.4. Youd better make a mark at the place where you have any questions.语气（强语气（强到弱到弱)意义意义 用法用法词性词性位置位置because因为因为 强调未知原因强调未知原因1. 回答回答why,2. 强调句中强调句中3. 常与常与not连用连用4. only, simply, just5后不可再用后不可再用so从属连词从属连词前前, ,后后since now that既然既然 表示已知、显然的表示已知、显然的从属连词从属连词前前as由于由于 表示已知、显然的表示已知、显然的从属连词从属连词前前, ,后后for因为因为 解释说明，解释说明，常用于推断常用于推断 并列连词并列连词后后1.I didnt go to school yesterday because I was ill. 2. Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey. 3. Since everybody is here, lets begin our meeting.4. As you are in poor health, you should not stay up late.5.I asked her to stay to tea, for I had something to tell her. 6.He is absent today, for he is ill. 其他连接词还有CONSIDERING (THAT) 考虑到SEEING (THAT) 既然IN THAT 在方面/因为1. SEEING THAT ITS RAINING, YOUD BETTER TAKE A 2. I LIKE THE CITY, BUT I LIKE THE COUNTRY BETTER IN THAT I HAVE MORE FRIENDS IN THE COUNTY结果状语从句SO THAT , SOTHAT, SUCHTHAT 目的状语从句SO THAT, SUCHTHAT, IN ORDER THAT, LEST(以免), IN CASE 和FOR FEAR THAT(以防) 区分so that引导的是目的状语从句（有might, may, can, could, should等情态动词）还是结果状语从句1)Speak clearly so that they may understand you. 2) He got on the train late so that he found all the seats occupied. 目的目的结果结果六，结果、目的状语从句六，结果、目的状语从句结果状语从句so that/ sothat/ suchthatI raised my voice, so that everyone heard me.He was so excited that he couldnt say a word. She told us such an interesting story that we all forgot the time. 【注】在much, many, little, few 这四个词前总是用so而不用such：He had falls he was black and blue all over. He earns money he can hardly feed his family. 【拓展拓展 ：当：当so或或such置于句首时，主置于句首时，主句要用句要用倒装语序。倒装语序。】He was so clever that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.So clever was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.目的状语从句so that/ in order that引导目的状语引导目的状语从句从句,常用情态动词常用情态动词may (might)/ can (could) /should 等连用等连用.I raised my voice so that everyone could hear me.Draw a cat as I taught you .按照我教你的画一只猫。Do as you are told.按照人家告诉你做的去做。七，方式状语从句七，方式状语从句as，按照或正如，按照或正如They treat the black boy as if (though) he were an animal.他们对待这黑人孩子仿佛他是一头牲口。as if/as though好象好象,似乎似乎as if, as though,(好象好象.仿佛仿佛) ，as(像像,犹如犹如,正如正如, the way），）， (just) asso 正如正如 1It looks _ it is going to rain.2. The child talks _ he were a man.3. I want you to tell them your experience exactly as you have told it to me.4. the way (that/ in which)e.g. Pay attention to your table manners. I dont like the way you eat soup. 5. As water is to fish, so air is to men.as ifas if asas , not so as, the same assuchas, than, the more the more 1). He is taller than I (am)/ me.2). She likes pop as much as he (does)/him.3) The more a man learns, the more he sees his ignorance.4) The higher the tree is, the stronger the wind is. 八，比八，比 较较 状状 语语 从从 句句倍数表达法 他们的房子是我们的两倍他们的房子是我们的两倍.Their room is twice bigger than ours.Their room is twice as big as ours.Their room is twice the size of ours.Length /height/weight/ width状语从句注意事项1省略省略1) When (you are ) in Rome, do as the Romans do.2) We will do that When/ if ( it is )necessary.2. as/ while / since可引导哪些状语从句？可引导哪些状语从句？As:时间时间,原因原因,比较比较,方式方式,让步让步While:时间时间, 让步让步Since:时间时间,原因原因3. as far as引导表示程度，范围引导表示程度，范围“至于至于就就1) 就我所知，就我所知，he has gone to town.2) I will help you 尽我所能。尽我所能。4. 时态时态主将从现主将从现：在：在条件，时间和让步从句条件，时间和让步从句中，用一般现在时中，用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用现在完成时表将来完成时表示一般将来时，用现在完成时表将来完成时5. 倒装倒装 状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况：状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况： 否定词开头；否定词开头； so 加加 adj. 开头，开头，such加加n.开头；开头； as / though引导的让步状语从句。引导的让步状语从句。6. 搭配搭配 Although/though 不能与不能与but 连用；但可与连用；但可与yet，still , nevertheless连用连用 Because 不能与不能与so连用；连用； Unless 不能与不能与or/otherwise 连用连用 在条件，时间和让步从句中，用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用现在完成时表将来完成时，用一般过去时表过去将来时。在 since 引导的时间状语从句中，动词一般都用一般过去时，而主句常用现在完成时。C CB B 状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况： 否定词开头； so 加 adj. 开头； as / though引导的让步状语从句。D DA A 题1是主从复合句，所以中间不能使用并列连词 and; or; but; so 等。yet 是副词，只有 yet 可以与 though 连用。题2为并列句，而“Excuse , but ”为一固定搭配。在复习中需要细心的分析句子结构和成分。A AC C1、各种从属连词的含义及用法、各种从属连词的含义及用法 比较；比较；2、no matter wh- 与与 wh-ever 引引 导的从句的区别；导的从句的区别；3、状语从句的时态问题；、状语从句的时态问题；4、状语从句倒装及紧缩问题；、状语从句倒装及紧缩问题；5、状语从句与其它从句的区别。、状语从句与其它从句的区别。考点考点难难点点1. _ he heard this, he got very angry. 2. I met Lucy_ I was walking along the river.3. _ a child, he lived in the countryside. A. when B. while C. as对比训练对比训练 1 1A AB BC C1. We were about to leave_ it began to rain.2. She thought I was talking about her son, _, in fact, I was talking about my son.3. Hardly had I finished my composition _ the bell rang. A. when B. while C. as D. during对比训练对比训练 2 2 A AB BA A1. Child _ she is, she know a lot.2. He did the experiment _ he was told.3. The pianos in the other shop will be cheaper, but not _ good. A. during B. as C. so D. though E. both B and C 对比训练对比训练 3 3 E EB BB B1. He would have a look at the bookstores _ he went to town.2. We decide to finish the work on time, _ happens.3. If we work with a strong will, we overcome any difficulty, _ great it is.4. Ill give the book to _ likes English. A. whenever B. whoever C. whatever D. however对比训练对比训练 4 4 A AC CD DB B对比训练对比训练 5 5 1. It will be years _ we meet again.2. It is ten years _ I came to this town.3. It is ten years ago _ I came to this town. A. when B. that C. before D. sinceC CD DB B对比训练对比训练 6 6 D DB BA A1. _ it rains, the game will be played on time.2. _ I was twenty, I had never been away from my hometown.3. _ he were there, he couldnt help us. A. Even if B. Until C. Till D. Unless 对比训练对比训练 7 7 1.Go and get your coat. It is _ you left it.2. You are free to go _ you like. A. there B. where C. wherever D. when B BC C对比训练对比训练 8 8 1. The article is written in such easy English _ all of us can read it.2. The article is written in such easy English _ all of us can read. A. that B. which C. as D. so that AC CA A对比训练对比训练 9 9 1. If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, no matter _ great it is.2. If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, _ great it is.3. If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, _ difficulty it is.4. If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, no matter _ difficulty it is. A. what B. how C. however D. whateverB BC CD DA A( (状语从句状语从句) )1._I get to Pairs, Ill call you up at the airport. A. Since B. While C. OnceD. Although 2. _the headmaster comes, we wont discuss this plan. A. UnlessB. If not C. ExceptD. Whether 3.Bill must have been away from the office._ how many times I phoned him, nobody answered it. A. WhateverB. No matterC. In spite ofD. Though 4.I had been to Beijing long_you visited it. A. before B. till C. after D. when 5_, he is good at drawing. A. To be a childB.A child as he is C. As a child D. Child as he is 6.Dont be discouraged _y ou have fallen behind others. A. whetherB. as if C. even if D. however7. We can get there on time_the car doesnt break down. A. whileB. as long as C. so thatD. even if 8. The vase on the left is than the one on the right, and not _A. more nicer；so expensiveB. much more better；as expensive C. nicer；as expensive D. better；such expensive 9. It wasnt long _ he joined the job. A. that B. before C. until D. and10. These planes can fly_than the old ones. A. as fast three times B. three times as fast C. three times fast D. three times faster 11._had the bell rung_the students took their seats. A. Hardly；when B. No sooner；when C. Hardly；than D. No sooner；then 12._many times，but he still couldnt understand it. A. Having been told B. Though had been told C. He was told D. Having told14.Youd better do _you are required. A. like B. which C. that D. as 15._that none of us could follow him. A. He spoke very fastB. So fast he spoke C. Too fast he spokeD. So fast did he speak16.Ill start early, _it may be dark.A. howeverB. whether C. if D. though 17._the baby fell asleep_the room. A. After；did the mother leaveB. Not until；did the mother leave C. Not until；the mother left D. Soon after；the mother had left 18._ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. As D. While 19. He cant have gone out,_the light is still on. A. because B. since C. as D. for 20. I was walking along the river_I heard a cry for help. A. while B. since C. when D. as 21. We shouldnt do that dangerous experiment_the teacher is with as. A. if not B. if C. unless D. as long as 22. He has_ little education he is unable to find a job. A. such；thatB. so；and C. so；thatD. such；and 23.The soldier was wounded，_he pushed on. A. for B. and C. so D. yet 24. The full letter reads _ follows. A. like B. as C. that D. which 25.Will you go_ our motherland needs us most after graduation? A. that B. whereC. in whichD. to the place which 26. This is a revision paper. When you do it, youd better make a mark _ you have questions. A. whereB. the place C. as ifD. since 27. Water power station are built _ big water falls. A. where there are B. where there have C. which has D. which are 28. I am sure Ill meet a kind-hearted man_I go. A. where B. to the place where C. wherever D. the place 29. She is so good at playing table-tennis that she can hit the ball_ she wants it to go. A. the place where B. that C. in which D. where 30. It was _his mother came in _to prepare his lessons. A. not until；did the boy beginB. until；that the boy began C. until；did the boy begin D. not until that the boy began1. I have been keeping the portrait _ I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my childhood in Paris. A. sinceB. whereC. asD. if2. “_ I live, there are plenty of sheep.”, said the boy _ pride. A. Where; with B. When; inC. That; inD. Why; with3. He seemed to have been asleep, so I said nothing, but sat _ he would see me _ waking. A. whether; whenB. that；whenC. which；whereD. where；when4. You can still find bones of the birds _ they used to live. A. in whichB. in the placeC. whereD. that5. “_ my feet remain standing above the water level, there is hope.” said the captain. A. WhereB. Even ifC. WhileD. Although 15CABAD610CBCBD 1115 ACDDD 1620 DBCDC2125 CCDBB 2630 AACDD
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