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中考复习政治经济文化类专项练习一、阅读理解Every morning my father buys a newspaper on his way to work. Every evening my mother looks through magazines at home. And every night, I look at the posters with photos of David Beckham and Yao Ming on my bedroom wall before I go to sleep. Can we imagine life without paper or print? Paper was first created about 2,000 years ago, and has been made from silk, cotton, bamboo, and, since the 19th century, from wood. People learned to write words on paper to make a book. But in those days, books could only be produced one at a time by hand. As a result, they were expensive and rare. And because there werent many hooks, few people learned to read. Then printing was invented in China. When printing was developed greatly at the beginning of the 11th century, books could be produced more quickly and cheaply. As a result, more people learned to read. After that, knowledge and ideas spread quickly. Today information can be received online, downloaded from the Internet rather than found in books, and information can be kept on CD-ROMs or machines such as MP3 players. Computers are already used in classrooms, and newspapers and magazines can already be read online. So will books be replaced by computers one day? No, I dont think the Yao Ming poster on my bedroom wall will ever be replaced by a computer two meters high!1What does the writer do before he goes to sleep?A. He reads books. B. He reads newspapersC. He looks through magazines D. He looks at the posters on the wall.2When was paper first created?A. About 2.000 years ago. B. In the 19th century.C. About 1.000 years ago. D. In the 11th century.3Why were books expensive and rare before the invention of printing?A. People could not read.B. People could not write words on paper.C. People could not find silk, cotton or bamboo.D People could only produce books one at a time by hand4What happened after books became cheaper?A. People didnt want to buy books.B. Printing was invented in China.C. Knowledge and ideas spread quickly.D. The Internet was introduced to people soon5What is the writers opinion about books and computers?A. People wont need books any moreB. Books wont be replaced by computers.C. People prefer to find information in books.D. Computers have already replaced books.阅读理解（二）（每小题2分，共10分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。If you like unusual places, you should visit the Hebrides Islands. Not many people live on these islands in the northwest of Scotland. The land is not good for farming. Its only good for keeping sheep (绵羊). The winters are long, cold, and wet. Its hard to make a living on the Hebrides, but for a visitor, these islands can be very special.Theyre not for everyone. Even summer days are cool and often windy. The water is too cold for swimming. There are only a few trees and green fields. Instead of fields, there are just rocks and small plants. The hills, too, are just piles of rocks. Sometimes the view (风景) looks like pictures of the moon.But there is beauty in this place. From the beach you can often see all the ways to the rocky hills. From the hills you can see far out to other islands and the open ocean. The colors, too, are special. Blue is everywhere. Its in the sky and in the ocean. In the spring there is also green in the hills. In the summer and winter the hills are more purple. On these islands you can forget about the rest of the world. The evenings are quiet. The restaurants close early, and there isnt any nightlife. Visitors stay at a guest house or a Bed. This is the best way to learn about life on the islands. The islanders are often friendly, and they like to talk.If you want to meet islanders, you can also try the pubs (酒吧) or even the shops. People are in no hurry here. They like to chat about the weather or the fishing. Do not come to the Hebrides for shopping. Come to walk in the clean, cool air. Come for the quiet beauty and for the views.6Are there many people living on the Hebrides islands? 7How is the weather on the Hebrides in the summer? 8What can you see from the hills when you are on the Hebrides? 9Where do visitor stay for the night on the Hebrides? 10According to the passage, what can we do on the Hebrides? Americans with small families own a small car or a large one. If both parents are working, they usually have two cars. When the family is large, one of the cars is sold and they will buy a van (住房汽车). A small car can hold (容纳) four persons and a large car can hold six persons but it is very crowded(拥挤). A van hold seven persons easily, so a family with three children could ask their grandparents to go on a holiday travel. They could all travel together. Mr Hagen and his wife had a third child last year. This made them sell a second car and bought a van. The sixth and seventh seat are used to put other things, for a family of five must carry many suitcases(衣箱) when they travel. When they arrive at their grandparents home, the suitcases are brought into the home and the two seats can then carry the grandparents. Americans call vans motor homes. A motor home is always used for holidays. When a family are traveling to the mountains or to the seaside, they can live in their motor home for a few days or weeks. All the members of a big family can enjoy a happier life when they are traveling together. That is why motor homes have become very popular. In America there are many parks for motor homes. 11 From the passage, a van is also called _。A. a motor car B. a motor homeC. a motorbike D. a big truck12Before Mr Hagen and his wife bought a van, they _。A. sold their old house B. moved to their grandparents houseC. built a new place for a ran D. sold their second car13A motor home is usually owned by a family with _。A. a baby B. much moneyC. more than two children D. interest in van14Americans usually use motor homes _A. to travel with all the family members on holiday B. to do some shopping with all the family membersC. to visit their grandparents at weekendsD. to drive their children to school every day15Motor homes have become popular because_A. they can take people to another city when people are freeB. they can let families have a happier life when they go out for their holidaysC. some people think motor homes are cheapD. big families can put more things in motor homesEvery year there is the Spring Festival in China. Usually it is in January or February. Its the most important festival in China. So before it comes, everyone has to prepare things. They buy beef, pork, chicken, fruit and many other things. And they often make a special kind of food called “dumplings”. It means “come together” in Chinese. On the day before the festival, parents buy new clothes for their children and children also buy presents for their parents. On the festival eve, all the family members come back to their home. This is a happy moment. They sing, dance and play cards. When they enjoy the meal, they give each other the best wishes for the coming year.They all have a good time.根据短文内容，选择正确答案。（5分）16Which is the most important festival in China? .A. Mid-autumn Festival B. Spring Festival C. Childrens Day D. May Day 17The Chinese usually have their Spring Festival in .A. January or February B. February or March C. September or October D. December or January18 Whats the special kind of food for the Spring Festival in China? .A. Pork B. Fish C. Dumplings D. Noodles 19 The food “dumplings” mean “ ”.A. be delicious B. be hungry C. come together D. come back20 When they are having dinner on the festival eve, the Chinese A. sing, dance and play cards B. buy each other presentsC. never drinks D. give each other the best wishesDid you visit the Shanghai World Expo last summer? What impressed (给留下印象) you? 21st Century Kids invites four kids to talk about their experiences. They are back from the Expo. What did they bring us? Lets see what they have to say. I went to the SAIC-GM Pavilion (上汽集团通用汽车馆). I found my dream car there. It is a green car. Its name is “Leaf”. Chinese engineers made the car. Its roof is in the shape of a leaf. The roof takes in CO2 and changes it into electricity for the car. The Japan Pavilion is full of high technology. The “Wonder Camera” is cool. It can find a smiling face in a crowd. When youre smiling, it takes a photo of you. I want to invent something like that in the future. My favorite pavilion is the Germany Pavilion. I watched the Energy Source show. Visitors made a ball swing back and forth (来回摇摆) by using only their voices. Its amazing! Although we had waited for quite a long time before we entered the hall, I think it is well worth seeing with your own eyes.I like painting, so my parents took me to the France Pavilion to see the famous paintings. But the French cooks caught my eye. I saw them cook. My mom told me that they are some of the best cooks in the world. The dish they cooked looked like a painting. So, being a cook is my second dream job.21The 21st Century Kids seems to be _.A. a travel service B. a newspaper C. a group of tourists D. four children22 What does the underlined word “electricity” mean in the passage?A. 电 B. 汽油 C. 灯光 D. 指示23 What activity did the writer experience in the France Pavilion?A. Using the “Wonder Camera” B. Driving the green car “Leaf”. C. To have delicious French dishes.D. To see cooks painting.24 What made the ball in the Germany Pavilion swing?A. Visitors smiling faces B. CO2 from carsC. Some secret power D. Noise made by visitors25 The trip to the Shanghai World Expo made the four kids _.A. hardworking and polite B. amazed and frightenedC. patient and cheerful D. excited and curiousYou probably know you should say” please” and “thank you ” at restaurants. You probably know the rules of a library. You know you should respect and be nice to your classmates. But do you have music manners?Keep It Down! You have to notice the volume of your music. You should not play your music so loud that everyone around you can hear it. Some people might even get angry. Usually, when you play the music loud on an MP3 player, other people cant hear the words of the song. They just hear a loud sound. Not one wants to listen to this. Very loud music can also be bad for your ears, so even if you are alone when listening to our MP3 player, you shouldnt have it turned up too high.Take Them off! You need to know when to turn your MP3 player off and put it away. Libraries and schools dont allow MP3 players. There are other places, like museums, that dont have rules, but it would be rude to have your MP3 player on. Sometimes, it just doesnt make sense to listen to your MP3 player at event. Why would you listen to music at a play, a movie or a sporting event? You would miss what is going on and others would wonder why you even came.Take One Out! Once in a while its okay just to take out one earphone and not other. Imagine you are listening to your MP3 player when someone asks you the way. It would not be rude to take out one earphone, tell him the way, and put back the earphone and continue listening. You can also do this when you order food at a fast-food restaurant or when you answer the telephone and its not for you.Its Your Choice! There are times when you need to decide what is best. For example, some people can listen to music on their MP3 Players when read books, while others think it is disturbing. In cases like this, you need to do what seems right for you.26The underlined word “volume” in Paragraph Two probably means” _.A. the type of music B. the amount of a soundC. the length of a song D. the colour of and MP3 player27No one wants to listen to _ from others MP3 player.A. a loud sound B. sad storiesC. a long movie D. the words of a song28We can take one earphone out when we _.A. show others the way B. talk to fiends on the phoneC. watch a sporting event D. have dinner with our parents29Its all right to use our MPS player in _.A. schools B. libraries C. restaurants D. museums30What can be the best title of this passage?A. Music Lovers B. Music Manners C. MP3 Players D. MP3 EarphonesTeahouses in ChengduThere is a saying, “China has the best teahouses in the world and Chengdu has the best teahouses in China.”Chengdu has not only many teahouses but also the special ways of serving and drinking tea.As soon as the visitors enter the teahouses, the waiters or waitresses will greet them with teapots and cups in their hands. The cups often have special covers and saucers(茶碟). The covers can keep the water warm.People who go to the teahouses are not all thirsty. Retired(退休)people pay a little money to the teahouses and then sit there all day long to chat with others. Sometimes, people have parties in the teahouses. They eat fruit and sunflower seeds(瓜子)while they chat and return home when they are tired. Teahouses are also good places for people to talk about businesses. Some of the teahouses even have stages for performances, such as storytelling, cross talk and Sichuan Opera. Sometimes when people have a quarrel, a mediator(调解员)will bring them to the teahouse. After their problem is solved, the person who is wrong will pay for the tea. It is interesting that as soon as the quarrelers enter the teahouse and sit down to drink tea, they have almost calmed down. With the help of the mediator, their problems can be easily solved then. Maybe we can say the teahouses have some special social functions.31Chengdu has the best teahouses in China because _.Athe serving of the teahouses in Chengdu is very specialBthere are many people in Chengdu teahousesCthere are many old men in Chengdu teahousesDthe cups in Chengdu teahouses are old32People in Chengdus teahouses may _ while they are drinking according to the passage.Aenjoy interesting stories Bwatch moviesClisten to Beijing Opera Dquarrel in loud voice33Who will pay for the tea after the mediator solve some problems?AThe mediator himself BThe person who caused the problemCAll the persons in the teahouse DThe owner of the teahouse34This passage is taken from some newspaper. Which part do you think it is from?AThe sports part. BThe news part.CThe culture part. DThe education part.35This passage mainly talks about _.Ahow to make tea Bhow to open a teahouseCthe special functions of the teahouses Dthe special way of enjoying teaIn 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business .But he was not a good artist. So he invented a very simple camera. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden. That was the first photo.The next important date in the history of photography (摄影术) was in 1837. That year, Daguerre, another Frenchman, took a picture of his reading room. He used a new kind of camera in a different way. In his picture you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest thing. This kind of photo was called a Daguerreotype.Soon, other people began to use Daguerres way. Travelers brought back wonderful photos from all around the world. People took pictures of famous buildings, cities and mountains. In about 1840, photography was developed. Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things. That was not simple. The photographers had to carry a lot of films and other machines. But this did not stop them, for example, some in the United States worked so hard. Mathew Brady was a famous American photographers. He took many pictures of great people. The picture were unusual because they were very lifelike(栩栩如生的). Photographers also became one kind of art by the end of the 19th century. Some photos were not just copies of the real world. They showed the ideas and feelings, like other kinds of art.36The first photo taken by Niepce was a picture of _A. his businessB. his gardenC. his window37The Daguerreotype was_.A. a FrenchmanB. a kind of picture C. a kind of camera38If a photographer wanted to take pictures of moving things in the year of 1840, he had to_.A. watch lots of filmsB. buy an expensive cameraC. take many films and something else with him.39Mathew Brady_.A. was very lifelikeB. was quite strong C. was famous for his unusual pictures 40This passage tells us_.A. how photography was developedB. how to show your ideas and feelings in picturesC. how to take pictures in the world41Beijing is facing severe (严重的) traffic problems.Roads are wider now, but traffic jams (堵塞) often happen every day. Yuan, a Beijing taxi drivers said. Beijing government is trying to do something to make traffic jams less. Before 2007, there were a few subway lines in Beijing. There was only line 1, line 2, line 13 and Batong Line. But now there is line 5, line 10, line 4, the airport fast -track and the Olympic branch line. And there will be 13 subway lines under construction in Beijing at the same time at the end of this year. The opening of the new subway line is convenient to tourists. Before, arriving in Beijing, many visitors would usually take a taxi to interesting places of Beijing. Today, as soon as people get off the plane, they can take the Airport Express Line, going to different interesting places through the subway lines. The government also strives to open a new line each year from now until 2015. The subway of Beijing reached 300 kilometers in 2010 and it will reach 561 kilometers in 2015. Miss Xiao, who lives in South Water Bridge and works at Hepingli, said that traveling by her car still took her at least one hour from home to work because of traffic jams. Now, because of the railway line 5, Miss Xiao can arrive at her office in less than haft an hour.【小题1】What are the traffic problems in Beijing now?A. Drivers drive too fast. B. Roads are not wide enough.C. Traffic jams often happen. D. Traffic lights are always broken.【小题2】What does the underlined phrase under construction mean in Chinese?A. 在学习 B. 在建造中 C. 在应用中 D. 在控制中【小题3】Why is the opening of the new subway line convenient to tourists?A. Because the new subway line is very interesting.B. Because the new subway lines ticket is very cheap.C. Because people in Beijing can cost less money than that before.D. Because visitors can take the subway to many different interesting places.【小题4】Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Visitors like to take a taxi in Beijing better.B. The subway of Beijing will reach 300 kilometers in 2015.C. There will be 15 subway lines in Beijing at the end of the year.D. It takes Miss Xiao less time to get to her workplace by railway line 5.【小题5】What is the main idea of the passage?A. People in Beijing invented high -speed tr
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