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新目标新目标七年级七年级(下下) Unit 12Unit 12滕北中学英语组修订滕北中学英语组修订Dont eat in class.classroomuniform3a Fill in the blanks with the correct words.uniformclassroomsports shoessports shoes GRAMMAR肯定祈使句Sit down.Come in.Eat at home.否定祈使句否定祈使句Dont sit down. Dont come in. Dont eat at home.祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、号召或者劝告等的句子, 这类句子的主语常是第二人称you,也就是听话者,因而you常省去了。祈使句的开头是动词原形。Listen to music outside. Dont listen to music outside.Do your homework at school. Dont do your homework at school.如如: Look out! 小心！小心！ Wait here for me! 在这等我！在这等我！Be sure to come here on time! 务必准时来到这里！务必准时来到这里！祈使句的否定形式多以祈使句的否定形式多以do not (常缩写成常缩写成dont) 开头开头, 再加上动词再加上动词原形。原形。Dontarrivelateforschool. 上学别迟到。Dontfight!别打架！Dontlookoutofthewindow.不要向窗外看。1.情态动词haveto的用法, 意思是“必须、不得不”,它侧重于客观上的必要和外界的权威。(1) 结构:主语haveto动词原形其他 (一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数时, 用hasto;句子是过去时, 用hadto) 如：ExplanationWehavetowearsneakersforgymclass. 在体育课上, 我们必须穿运动鞋。Tomhastopracticetheguitareveryday. 汤姆每天必须练习弹吉它。Ihadtogetupat5:00amlastMonday.上周一我不得不早上5点起床。(2) 否定形式:主语donthaveto动词原形其他 (一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数时, 用doesnt have to;句子是过去时, 用didnthaveto) 如:Nickdoesnthavetowearauniform. 尼克不必穿制服。Wedidnthavetodoourhomework atonce. 我们不必马上完成作业。(3) 疑问句: Do(Does或Did) 主语haveto动词原形其他如：Do you have to stay at home on weekends? 周末你必须呆在家里吗周末你必须呆在家里吗?Yes,Ido./No,Idont. 是的, 我必须。/不, 我不必。 Didhehavetogotobedby11:00last night? 昨晚他不得不11点前上床睡觉吗？2.情态动词can的用法(1)表示能力 “会, 能”Can you play the guitar? 你会弹吉它吗？你会弹吉它吗？Judy can speak a little Chinese. 朱蒂会说一点中文。朱蒂会说一点中文。(2) 表示允许、许可, “可以”、“能”(在这一课中新学的词义)I can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能跳舞。我能唱歌又能跳舞。We can eat outside. 我们可以在外面吃东西。我们可以在外面吃东西。Can the students run in the hallways? 学生们可以在走廊上跑吗？学生们可以在走廊上跑吗？ CanIcomein?我能进来吗？注意: 同样是情态动词, can和haveto的用法是有区别的, 和大部分情态动词一样, can在否定句中, 直接在can后加上not, 在疑问句中, 把can放到主语前面, 并且没有人称和数的变化。3.hear, listen和sound都有“听”的意思, 但三者是有区别的。(1) hear “听说”, 侧重于“听”的内容。Im sorry to hear that you are ill. 听说你生病了听说你生病了, 我很难过。我很难过。Listentomecarefully. 认真听我说。Thechildrenliketolistentomusic.孩子们喜欢听音乐。I never heard such an interesting story. 我从来没听过这么有趣的一个故事。我从来没听过这么有趣的一个故事。(2) listen“听听”侧重于侧重于“听听”这一动这一动作。作。(3) sound“听起来”,它是系动词, 后面接形容词等。 Thatsoundsgreat. 那听起来真不错。 Itsoundslikefun. 听起来挺有趣。4.arrivelatefor与belatefor意思相近, “迟到” Dontarrive/be lateforschool. 上学别迟到。 Iarrived/was late for the meeting yesterday. 我昨天开会迟到了。5.Notalking!“禁止交谈！” no后面加上名词或动名词(doing) 也表示不要做某事, 与dont+do的用法相似。 Nowetumbrellas! Dontputwetumbrellasher. 禁止放湿雨伞！ Nofood!/Donteatfoodhere! 禁止吃食物！ Nosmoking!/Dontsmokehere! 禁止吸烟！1. late, dont, for school, arrive2. music, listen to, in the classroom, dont3. eat, cant, in the classroom, we Dont arrive late for school. Dont listen to music in the classroom. We cant eat in the classroom.Form sentencesExercisesTest: A. Complete the sentences.1. _ (帮助帮助) me to do housework,please.2. Please _ (擦擦) the blackboard.3. _ (不要关不要关) the door. HelpcleanDont shutB: Put the following into English. 1.请关上窗。请关上窗。 2.请不要站在桌子。请不要站在桌子。 3.请课后打篮球。请课后打篮球。Please close the window.Please dont stand on the desk.Please play basketball after class.请按要求完成下列句子请按要求完成下列句子, 每空一词每空一词(含缩写含缩写)。1. Throw the basketball like that. (改为否定句) _ _ the basketball like that. 2. We can go to a movie this weekend. (改为一般疑问句) _ you _ to a movie this weekend? Dont throwCango3. We cant listen to music in class. (改为祈使句) _ _ to music in class. 4. Does your mother have to work on weekends? (改为肯定句) My mother _ _ work on weekends. 5. He has to wear a hat. (对划线部分提问) _ _ _ _ to wear?What does he have Dont listenhas to
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