水果自动分拣系统的设计外文文献翻译

翻译部分英文原 文THE DESIGN OF FR UIT AUTOM ATED SORTINGS YSTEMAbstract: The article in troduced the flow and desig n scheme of fruit automated sorting system,the computer tech no logy and automatic tech no logy is used in some tech no logy, such asthedetecti on and con trol tech no logy, the digital image process ing tech no logy, the computerperipheral device and in terface tech no logy, Pattern Recog niti on tech no logy etc, is used in thefruit automated sortin gsystem.Keywords:the fruit, automatedsort ingsystem,automati on,the digitalimageprocessi ng,PatternRecog nitio n1. INT RODU CTIONWit h the development of modern agriculture &fo restry and the enhance of in dustrialsta ndard,theoutputoffr uitsfromi nne rcoun trya ndabroadarebei ngraisedswift ly.On the on eha n d,thefruitsfromdi fferentdistrictaresoldinlocalarea,ontheotherhand,moreplentyoffruitsaresoldtootherdi stri cteve nabroad,a ndthesefruitsdema ndbe in gpackedaccord in gtodiff ere nt quality. In order to packagethesefruits,wemusttodesig nafruitautomatedsorti ngsystem,becauseifthesefruitswerepackedbyha nd,on ethe on ehaid ,Thetaskisharda nditi sinefficient;ontheotherhand,itisnotm eetthedemandsofmodernfruitpa ckage,whichisneedto be Mu lti - layer or high standard or high san itary sta ndard.To advaneed country after second war, the automated sorting system is one of theessentialequipment of Logistics centre,Distribut ion Centre,or ci rculat ion centre(Huang,2002),i t was in Ameri ca n and E urope in the 1960s, automated sorting system was used in Japa n in1970s(Xu,2002 ) ,Atthepreseit ,automatedsortingsystemisalsosuccessuaedinpostofficebesidesabovefield .Withthe improvementofmode rnizationstandard,itiswidelyusedinmoreand more field.almostnosuccessusingaboutfrui tautomatedsortingsystembecauseitconcernalotsofknowledgeandsubject,atthesametime,itdemandmorehigherlevelofartificia l.Atpresent, weca non lyseethe newsaboutFruit on icscompa ny,whichhavedesig nedasetoffruitautomated sortin gsystem.2. THEHARDWARE DESIGNOFFRUITAUTOMATEDSORTINGSYSTEMIn thecourseofdesig nin goftheSystem,allki ndsoffactorarecomprehe nsivelythoughtwhe n fruits are sorted. All kinds of tech no logy, such as detect ion and con trol tech no logy,thecomputer peripheralequipme nt and in terface tech no logy,the digital imageprocess in gtech no logy and Patter n Recog niti on tech no logy, is used, at the same time, adva need algorithmis used in the course of pattern identification, and it improve the accurate rate of fruit sorting.2.1 The hardware con sists of fruit automated sort in gsystemThereareallsortsofautomatedsorti ngsystem,a nditssta ndardisdiffere nt.l ngen eral,a nautomated sorting system is consists of seven partition(Xu,2002),it is:collection Conveyor,feedConveyor,th eSettingDeviceOfsorting instruction,confl uencedevice,sortingconveyer,sortingand discharge cargo port,computerc on troll er(Fig.l)2.2 The consists of hardware and work p ri nciples of fruit a utomated sorting systemThe fruit automated sorting system is based of the traditional automated sorting system,but it is different of the tradi ti onal automated sort ing system, it is an automate d sort ingsystemwhic h i s high in tell ige nt, real-time, Mult ilayer, multikno wledge fi elds and multiclass.Thissystemhasseveralpart(X u,2002),suchas:conveyerdevice,thewei ghtsortingdevice,theappear ance sorting device,and the quality sorting device etc.(Fig.2).The Design of Fruit Automat ed SortingSystemFig . 1 . The hardw a re diag ram of fruit automated sorting system(1) in put con veyer belt; (2) fill cargo con veyer belt; (3) steel con veyer belt; (4) Diverter;(5)outputRollers; (6) sorting port; (7) signal giver; (8) laser ISBN reader; (9) pass detector;(10)magnetism signal generator; (11) controller; (12) magnetism signal reader; (13) full scaledetector.Fig . 2 . The hardw are consists of fruit automated sorting systemThe function module of the fruit automated sorting system is adapt to its Thehardwareconsist, three module, which is weight sorting module, appearanee sorting model andqualitysorting module, is concluded in the system. The work principles of the each function moduleca nbe expla ined by the Figure (Fig. 3) (Ha n,2004).AD oorElinf*Fig . 3 . The hardw are consists of the w e ig ht sortingdevice2.2.1 The weight sorting device and its workpri ncipleThe fruit which is need to be sorted is transferred to the fruit receive &distribute devicebyc on veyerbelt(Fig.3),thefruitreceive& distributedeviceca ndetecttheweighti nformatio no ffruitbypressurese nsor,thea nalogweighti nformatio nfro mpressurese nsoristra nsferredtodigitali nformatio nbyA/Dswitch(Zhu,2001),thedigitali nformatio nisse nttothe computer,thecomputerprocessthesei nformatio nbyspecialsoftware,theresultfromcomputerisse nttodif ferent passageway by parallel in terface (the purpose is to con trol the con troller fromfruitreceive &distribute device which can control the destination of the fruits), the digitalinformation from parallel in terface is convert to the an alog sig nal by D/A switch, the an alogdrjeesignal is magnified by signal ampl ifier and it is sent to the fruit receive &di stribute device ino rdertoco ntroltheFlowDirecti onoft hediffere ntwe ightfruit .I no rdertoe nterthe nextsort in gstep, which is appearance sorting, the fruit from wei ght sorting device is sent to theappearancesorting device to be sorted by appeara nce sort ing device.The Desig n of Fruit Automated Sort in gSy stemFig . 4 . The hardw are consists of the w e ig ht sortingdevice2.2.2 The appearance sorting device and its work principleThe fruit from weight sorting device is sent to the fruit receive &distribute device oftheappearance sorting device (Fig. 4), the high speed camera shoot fruit from various an gles,theimagefromcamerabese nttothecomputerbythevideocapturecard,thecomputerprocessthevide o in formati on by special software, the result from computer is the classified sig nal of fruit,the sig nal ope n the differe nt sort ing passageway by parallel in terface, and the n the sig nalismag nified by the signal amplifier. In order to control the fruit receive &distribute device, thefruits are sent to the different passageway, and at last the fruit can be sent to the packagedevice.The image from camera should be processed by edge detecti on and no ise remov ing (eve n itmustbecurvefitti ng)(Guo,2004),a ndthe ni tbematchedtodiffere ntfruitappeara ncesothatthe fruit can be sorted byappeara nce.2.2.3 The quality sorting device and its workprincipleThe two devices, which is the quality sort ing device and appeara nce sort ing device, have the similar work process (Fig. 4). there are two different: one different is that the highspeedcameramustbei nfraredhighspeedcamera;a no therdiffere ntisthattheyhavediffere ntprocesss oftware .the software of the quality sorting device can process the fruit appeara nce quality(suchas color and luster, stain etc) and inner quality (it is rot or not) according to the imagefromcamera. It sorts manly according to the image from the infrared high speed camera and thetradesta ndard .In theprocessofsorti ng,itmakesfulluseofthedigitalimageprocessi ngtech no logya ndPa tternRecog niti on tech no logy.l ngen eral,thefirststepistoscree naccordi ngtocolora ndlusterand sta in,the second step is to screen the inner quality of the fruit according to theinfraredimage.3. THESOFTWAREDESIGNOFFRUITAUTOMATEDSORTINGSYSTEMIn the course of the desig ning software of the System, differe nt developme nt tool should bethought because it refers to the hardware. the software of weight sorting and thecomputerinterface is need to be developed by assembler programming Ianguage because it referstohardware, other software,such asthedigitalimageprocessing,theserialinterfacecommunicationetc,canbedeveloped by Vc+, It has several special C on trol in Vc+ aboutserial in terface com muni cation (Do ng,2005).4. SUMMARYThe frui t automated sorting system refers to differe nt tech no logy form diff ere ntsubject,suchasautomatictech no logy,thesoftwareandhardwaretech nologyofcomput er.Thedig italimageprocessingtechnology,theartific ialint ell igencetechnol ogyetc.thepaperintroducedthedesignth oughoffrui tautomatedsortingsystem,theconsistsofhardware,workprinciplean dthedesignofsoftware.T hefinalappli cationofthesystemcanbringabout largesocialbenefitandeconomic benefit to agriculture product ion an dma nageme nt.REFERENCES1 DongS.L. ApplicationofPLCin the Automatic Sorting S ystem, Machine Tool& Hydraulics,2005,5:136-147.2 GuoX. F., Liu W.T.AnAutomatic Feather Selecti ng System by ImageProcessi ng,ModernElectro nic Tech ni que, 2004,3:30-33. Han Y. M., Wang D., Wei H. H., Tan C. Q. The Desig n of the Parcel AutomaticSorti ngSystem, Mechanical &Electrical Engineering Magazine, 2004,8:11-12.4 Hua ngQ.M. Automatic Sort ingS ystem andAn alysisofapplicati onprospect,LogisticsTech no logy, 2002,5:7-15.5 XieL.X.,Yang H. Y. Design andImplementation ofStatisticandAnalysis SystemforAutomatic Luggage Sorting System, Computer Engineering(Supplementary Issue), 2005,31:3-6.6 XuS . Y. Automatic Sorting System and the applicati on, Logistics andMaterialHa ndli ng,2002,3:33-39.7 Zhu Z. T. The design of computer auto-sorting system, Computer Engineering an dDesig n,2001,6:66-88.中文译文水果自动分拣系统的设计摘要：本文介绍了水果自动分拣系统的流程和设计方案，计算机技术和自动化技术已经应用于现代农业生产和管理中。在这个系 统中，有一些技术的应用，如检测与控制技术，数字化图像处理技术，计算机外围设备和接口 技术，模式识别技术等，这些都用于水果自动 分拣系统。关键词：水果，自动分拣系统，自动化，数字图像处理，模式识别。1.介绍随着现代农业和林业的发展和工业标准的提高，国内外的水果产量迅速增加。一方面，不同区域的水果在本地售卖。另一方面，很多水果销往其他地区甚至远销国外，并且这些 水果需要根据不同的品质来分类。为了将这些水果分类包装，我们就必须设计一种水果自 动分拣系统，因为手动分拣这些水果会比较困难，一方面是效率低下；另一方面是不能满 足当代的水果分装要求，现代的水果分装具有多层次并符合高卫生标准。在第二次世界大战以后，在发达国家的物流中心、配送中心、流通中心自动分拣系统已经成为一种基本的设备。早在20世纪60年代，自动分拣系统就已经在美国和欧洲使用了，到了 70年代也已经在日本使用。目前，自动分拣系统也被成功的运用在了邮局系统里。 随着现代化标准的 进步，自动分拣系统越来越多的应用于更多领域。不过就目前来看，自动分拣系统还没有成功 应用于对水果进行 分类，因为这个要同时 考虑太多的知识和目标，也要求更高水平的人工成分。我们现在只能从苹果供应商公司得到一点消息，该公司设计了 一套水果自动分拣系统2. 水果分拣系统的硬件设 计在这个系统设计的过程中，水果分类需要全面考虑各种因素。还有各种技术因素，如检测和控制技术，电脑周边设备和接口技术，数字图像处理技术和模式识别技术，都有应用其中，另外，先进算法也要用在模式识别当中，可以提高水果分拣的计算准确率。2.1水果分拣系统的硬件组成 目前已有很多种自动分拣系统，而且标准也各有不同。一般来说，自动分拣系统包括七个部分，分别是： 收集输送机，输送带，分拣说明的设置装置，合流设备，分拣输送机，分拣和卸货口，电脑控制器。（见图1）水果自动分拣系统的设计图图1.水果自动分类系统的硬件图（1）进给输送带；（2）装货物输送带；（3）钢输送带；（4）换向器；（5）输出辊子；（6）分拣道口； （7）信号发射器；（8）激光 ISBN扫描仪；（9）接近开关；（10）磁信号发生器；（11）控制器；（12）磁信号接收器；（13）全方位探测器；2.2水果自动分拣系统的软件组成和工作原理水果自动分拣系统是以传统的分拣系统为基础，但是又不同于传统的分拣系统，它是一 个高智能，实时的，多层的，多领域和多层次的系统。这个系统包括几个部分，如输送设备,重量分拣设备，外观分拣设备和质量分拣设备等。去外观分 选装髯2-驕呈归拣 裳蜀存去外观分选 装贸比图2水果自动分类系统的组成水果自动分拣系统的功能模块与其硬件相适应，包括三个模块，分别是重量分类模块、外观分类模块和质量分类模块。每个功能模块的工作原理如图3所示（Han, 2004）。图3重量分选装置的硬件构成221 重量分类设备及其工作原理需要分类的水果通过传输带传输到水果接收设备与配送设备（图3），水果接收与配送设备可以利用压力传感器获得水果重量的信息，从压力传感器上获得的模拟重量信息通过模拟/数字转换器转换为数字信息（Zhu，2001），数字信息被传送给计算机，计算机利用特定的软件处理这些信息，最后由计算机得出的结果通过并行接口发送到不同的通道（这样做的目的是为了控制从水果接收与配送设备），并行接口中的数字信号由数字/模拟转换器 转换成模拟信号，为了控制不同重量水果的流方向，我们将得到的模拟信号使用信号放大器放大 后再发送给水果接收与配送设备。为了进入下一个分类模块，即形状分类模块，我们将重量 分类设备分拣出的水果传送到外观分类器中。并行接口*D4铐抑图4重量分选装置的硬件构成2.2.2外观分类器及其工作原理从重量分类器中挑出的水果被传送到外观分类器中的水果接收与配送设备中，首先利用高速照相机从不同的角度拍摄水果的形状，从照相机中获得的图片通过视频采集卡传送给 计算机，然后计算机利用特定的软件处理采集卡上的信息，利用计算机处理后的结果是水果 的分类信号，该分类信号利用并行接口打开了不同的分类通道，接着用放大器放大该信号。 为了控制水果接收与配送设备，我们将水果传送到不同的通道，最后将水果传送到包装设备。相机中的图片应该进行边缘检测和去噪处理（甚至必须进行曲线校正）（Guo ,2004），然后将处理完的图片信息与不同的水果外观做匹配，这样就可以在外观上将水果进行分类。223质量分类器及其工作原理质量分类器和外观分类器这两个设备的工作原理差不多（图4）。但二者存在两个不同点：一个是高速相机必须是红外线高速相机； 软件可以根据相机获得的图片处理水果外观质量（是否腐烂）。它主要是根据红外线高速相机另一个是处理软件不同。质量分类器所用的 （如:颜色和色泽、染色等）和内部质量 和行业标准进行分类的。在分类的过程中,设备充分的使用了数字图像处理技术和模式识别技术。总而言之，第一步主要根据颜色、色泽和染色程度来审 查水果的外部质量，第 二步是根据红外线图像 来审查水果的内部质量。3. 水果自动分拣系统的软 件设计在系统软件设计过程中，需要根据它的硬件来考虑开发不同的软件开发工具。根据硬件要求，重量分拣和计算机接口的软件应该用汇编程序语言，其他的软件，比如数字图像处理，串行接口通信，要用 Vc+来开发，因为在 Vc+中有关于串行接口通信的几个特 殊控制。4. 总结水果自动分拣系统参考应用了不同的技术和不同的主体，如自动技术，计算机的软件和硬件技术，数字图像处理技术，人工智能技术等等。本论文主要介绍了水果自动分拣系统的设计思想，硬件组成，工作原理和软件设计。这个系统的最终应用会给农业生产和管理中带来巨大的社会利益和经济利益。参考文献1 DongS.L.可编程序控制器（PLC）在自动分类系统的应用.机床及水力学.2005年,5:136-147。2 GuoX.F.,LiuW. 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