高中英语必修二Unit4知识点

Unit 4 Wildlife protection【短语归纳】：l.die out灭亡；逐渐消失2.in peace和平地；和睦地；安祥地3.in danger （of）在危险中；垂危 4.in relief 如释重负；松了口气5 .burst into laughter突然笑起来；大声笑了出来6 .protectfrom保护不受（危害）7 .pay attention to注意e into being 形成； 产生9 .according to按照;根据所说 10.so that以致于;结果【知识点总结】：1 .Their numbers maydecreasedecrease vi. & vt.减少；（使）变小或变少decrease to 减少至decrease by 减少了 e.g. By 1881, the population of Ireland had decreased to 5.2 million.Student numbers have decreased by 500.拓展：reduce to/reduce by少至U/减少了increase to /increase by增力至U %曾力了 2 . As a result these endangered animals may evene out.die out灭绝、灭亡e.g. How did the dinosaur die out? 1die of死于（通常指疾病、等内因）e.g. Her grandfather died of cancer.die from死于 （通常指交通事故等外因） e.g. Many villagers from snake bites.die away（声音、风、光线等）普无息, 渐弱 e.g. The sound of the car died away in the distance.die down（慢慢）熄火，平静卜来e.g. The fire is dying down.die off相继死去e.g. The deer in the forest are all dying off from disease.J拓展：be dying for很想要；渴望be dying to do sth.极想干某事e.g. She is dying to see you.3 .Why are they in danger of disappearing?in danger在危险中, 垂危 e.g. We were warned that we were in danger.in danger of有的危险out of danger脱离危险4 . Farmers hunted us withoutmercy.mercy n.仁慈；宽恕；怜悯ask/beg for mercy 请求宽恕show mercy to/have mercy on 怜悯/同情/可怜with mercy仁慈地without mercy残忍地；毫不留情地at the mercy of 任由摆布 It is a mercy that.真是万幸e.g. She begged the president to have mercy on her husband.The poor cat is at the mercy of the naughty boy.5.They allowed tourists to hunt only acertain number of animals if they paid the farmers.certain adj. 确定的； 一定的； 某一(1)be certain of/ about sth; 对有把握 (=be sure of/about sth)be certain to do sth： 一定会做一 to a certain extent 一定程度上for certain=for sure无疑地；确定地 make certain (that并清楚；弄明白It is certain that : 肯定，一定会 .(不能说 It is sure that )e.g. We are certain to have a good time at the party tonight.It is certain that something is wrong with the machine6.Im protecting myself from mosquitoes.protect.from.保护不受(危害)protect.against保护以防(强调较大的事情,如敌人的入侵、天灾等)keep+宾语 + from doingstop+宾语 + (from) doingprevent+宾语+ (from) doing 阻止做某事注意：被动语态里from均不可省去，而在主动语态中，与stop/prevent搭配的from 可以省略。7.It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.contain vt.包含；容纳；克制(强烈的感情等);抑制contain oneself克制自己container n.容器； 集装箱； 货柜易混辨异 contain, include, including, included1) contain意为包含；容纳；里面装有”，侧重整体内有，在某一范围或容器 内能容纳某物。其宾语与主语常是同位关系，不用于进行时态。止匕外，contain 还有控制，克制”之意。2)include意为 包含；计入；包括”，只能用于表示所包含之物中的一部分，其后 的宾语往往是主语的一部分。3)including可以作介词连接介词短语，放在所包括的东西之前。4)included是过去分词性质的形容词，放在所包括的东西之后。e.g. She was too angry to contain herself.The hall can contain/hold/admit 3,000 people.Many people like tennis, including me/me included.8 .affect vt.影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭 1)be greatly/deeply affected by 被深深打动be affected by heat/cold中暑/着凉be affected with high fever 发高烧2)affection n.喜爱；感情3)effect n.作用；影响 take effect生效 have an effect on 对产生影响e.g. The disease is beginning to affect her eyesight.9 .You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.attention n.注意力；注意，留心pay/give attention to 注意 attract/catch/draw/get one sttentionB勺注意力 fix/focus one s attention 电就意力于 devote one s attentionRo、于 turn one attention to将注意力转向e.g. The teacher told the student to pay attention to his spelling.10 .appreciate vt.欣赏;感激；意识到appreciated n./pron./v-ing欣赏 /感激I would appreciate it if.假如我将不胜感激appreciation n.欣赏；感激e.g. I will appreciate it if you can give me some advice about TOEFL test.提醒当appreciate，hate, dislike, depend on等词后接宾语从句时，一般先加 it,再接宾语从句。11 .What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed?succeed vi.成功；继承 vt.接替；继任1)succeed (in) doing sth成功 succeed to st怆8承2)successn. U成功，成就；C成功的人或事物successfuladj .成功的 successfully adv.成功地e.g. If we team up with each other, we will succeed in overcoming the difficulties.He had to succeed to the business when his father passed away.12 . Can they beemployed to work in the park and not hurt the animals?employ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)(1)employ sb. as.雇用某人任employ sb. to do sth.雇用某人做某事be employed in (doing) sth.忙于某事，从事于某事(2)employer n.雇主 employee n.雇员，受雇者 employment n.职业，工作，使用 e.g. He has been employed in writing a new book these days.13 .They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humanscame into being and their future seemed secure at that time.come into being 形成； 产生come into existence开始存在；形成，产生 come into fashion 开始流行，风靡come into effect 生效 come into sight/view 看得见 come into office 就职 come into power 当权； 执政 come into use/serviceFF始被使用e.g. When did the club first come into being?The new tax regulations came into effect last month.14 .They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, |long before humans came into being.long before意为 很久以前”，常用于过去时或过去完成时的句子中作时间状语， before后边可以跟从句。e.g. I had heard of him long before I came here.They said they had known each other long before.拓展：（1）before 10ng相当于soon或a little later,意为 不久； 不久以后”，常与 将来时、过去时态连用，在句中作状语，不可以直接加从句。e.g. I hope youll be able to come to China again before long.（2）It is/was not long before+从句不久就It will be long before +从旬要过很久才 It will not be long before + 从句 过不了多久就 e.g. It wont be long before he goes abroad.三、重点语法现在进行时的被动语态当强调动作正在进行或现阶段正在进行，并且主语与谓语动词之间是动宾关系 （被动关系），我们需要使用现在进行时的被动语态。现在进行时被动语态构成为：am/is/are being done练习：1. The most delicious cake in the worldby Mum. Please wait anhour to enjoy it.A. makes B. is made C. is going to make D. is being made2. I dont know what time it is now. My watch.A. is repairing B. has been repaired C. is being repaired D. has being repaired解析：1. D. cake与 make之间是被动关系，从后面的Please wait an hour to enjoy it. 可知用现在进行时的被动语态。2. C.考查动词的时态和语态。由句意知 My watch和repair之间是被动关系， 且当前正在进行，故用现在进行时的被动语态。