资源描述
环境工程专业学生设计性实验报告实验课程名称 混凝剂(硫酸铝)与污泥反应时间的不同对污泥比阻的影响指导教师 董春欣 姓名孙镜伟 学号12310113 专业环境工程 班级环工1201 摘要:根据长期实验教学中所取得的经验,对污泥比阻实验中几个参数的确定和经常碰到的一些问题,提出了自己的看法和解决的办法,为比阻实验的可操作性提供了帮助。混凝剂种类繁多,如何根据水处理厂工艺条件、原水水质情况和处理后水质目标选用合适的混凝药剂,是十分重要的污泥比阻作为反映污泥脱水性能 的主要参数,是水厂生产废水调质及脱水工艺的重要控制指标.指出了常规污泥比阻抽滤测定方法中存在的测定指标多、操作复杂、测定历时长等问题.针对自来水 厂生产废水的水质特点,根据污泥比阻的测定理论。关键词:混凝剂;污泥比阻;过滤;脱水性能等Abstract:Thedeterminationofseveralparametersinthesludgeandproblemsusuallyoccurredintheexperimentwerediscussedandroperationonlaboratorymeasure2mentofsludgespecificresistance.with the enlargement of our country resently,Urban sewage is an enormous quantity of low concentration organic wastewater. In this paper, the urban sewage treatment technology and main structure design in an all-round way. Including the grille, collecting well, sewage pump room, sedimentation tank, adjusting pool, aeration tank, and the concentrated tank, etc. Key words:concentration organic wastewater. In this paper, the urban sewage treatment technology and main 一、实验方案实验名称: 混凝剂(硫酸铝)与污泥反应时间的不同对污泥比阻的影响实验时间:小组合作:是 否小组成员: 一、实验目的:(1)通过实验掌握污泥比阻的测定方法。(2)掌握用布氏漏斗实验选择混凝剂。(3)掌握确定污泥的最佳泥凝剂投加量。(4)测定混凝剂(硫酸铝)反应时间对污泥比阻的影响。二、实验设备与材料:(1)实验设备:(1)实验装置如图2。图2 比阻实验装置图1真空泵;2吸滤瓶;3真空调节阀;4真空表;5布式漏斗;6吸滤垫;7计量管(2)秒表;滤纸。(3)烘箱。(4)A12(SO4)3。(5)布氏漏斗。(6)100ml量筒(2)实验材料:A12(SO4)3(10g/L)三、实验方法步骤及注意事项(1)实验方法步骤:1.测定污泥的含水率,求出其固定浓度C0。2.配制A12(SO4)3(10g/L)混凝剂。3. 用A12(SO4)3混凝剂调节污泥(每组加一种混凝剂),加量为干污泥质量的6。放置5分钟后进行抽滤。,用水润湿,贴紧周底。5.开动真空泵,调节真空压力,大约比实验压力小1/3实验时真空压力采用266mmHg(3546kPa)或532mmHg(704. 在布氏漏斗上(直径6580mm)放置滤纸93kPa)关掉真空泵。6. 加入l00mL需实验的污泥于布氏漏斗中,开动真空泵,调节真空压力至实验压力;达到此压力后,开始起动秒表,并记下开动时计量管内的滤液V0。7. 分别记下0s、10s、20s、30s、60s、90s、120s.计量管内相应的滤液量。8.一直过滤至真空破坏,如真空长时间不破坏,则过滤20min后即可停止。9.关闭阀门取下滤饼放人称量瓶内称量。10.称量后的滤饼干105的烘箱内烘干称量。11. 计算出滤饼的含水率,求出单位体积滤液的固体量C0。12.将A12(SO4)3混凝剂与污水混合,分别放置10分钟、15分钟、20分钟、25分钟,再分别进行上5-11的实验步骤。(2)注意事项:1. 检查计量管与布氏漏斗之间是否漏气。2.滤纸烘干后称量,放到布氏漏斗内,要先用蒸馏水湿润,而后再用真空泵抽吸一下,滤纸要贴紧不能漏气。3. 污泥倒入布氏漏斗内时,有部分滤液流入计量筒,所以正常开始实验后记录量筒内滤液体积。4 .污泥中加混凝剂后应充分混合。5.在整个过滤过程中,真空度确定后始终保持一致。四、实验数据处理方法:(1)测定并记录实验基本参数,记录格式如下。实验日期 ;原污泥的含水率及固体浓度C0。实验真空度/mmHg ;不加混凝剂的滤饼的含水率加混凝剂滤饼的含水率(2)将布氏漏斗实验所得数据按表1记录并计算。(3)以t/V为纵坐标,以V为横坐标作图,求。(4)根据原污泥的含水率及滤饼的含水率求出C0(5)列表计算比阻值(见表2比阻计算表)(6)以比阻为纵坐标,反应时间为横坐标,作图求出最佳投加量C的求法。根据所设定义 5、参考文献:污泥脱水性能参数比阻检测的若干问题研讨污泥比阻实验中几个问题的探讨改善城市污水厂污泥脱水性能的试验研究不同混凝剂对污泥脱水性能的影响研究硫酸铝作为混凝剂时絮体破碎与再絮凝的研究二、实验报告1、实验现象、数据及结果混凝时间为5分钟tVV-V0t/V-V0025.00 0.00 030.00 1068.33 43.33 0.23076923182.00 2090.83 65.83 0.303797468109.00 30101.67 76.67 0.391304348122.00 60109.17 84.17 0.712871287131.00 90110.00 85.00 1.058823529132.00 120110.83 85.83 1.398058252133.00 180111.67 86.67 2.076923077134.00 240111.67 86.67 2.769230769134.00 300111.67 86.67 3.461538462134.00 360111.67 86.67 4.153846154134.00 420111.67 86.67 4.846153846134.00 480111.67 86.67 5.538461538134.00 540111.67 86.67 6.230769231134.00 600111.67 86.67 6.923076923134.00 660111.67 86.67 7.615384615134.00 720111.67 86.67 8.307692308134.00 780111.67 86.67 9134.00 840111.67 86.67 9.692307692134.00 900111.67 86.67 10.38461538134.00 960111.67 86.67 11.07692308134.00 1020111.67 86.67 11.76923077134.00 1080111.67 86.67 12.46153846134.00 1140111.67 86.67 13.15384615134.00 1200111.67 86.67 13.84615385134.00 混凝时间为10分钟tVV-V0t/V-V0013.33 0.00 016.00 1036.67 23.34 0.42851021344.00 2060.00 46.67 0.42854081972.00 3076.67 63.34 0.47365928192.00 60106.67 93.34 0.642834184128.00 90110.00 96.67 0.931002379132.00 120110.00 96.67 1.241336506132.00 180110.83 97.50 1.846090732133.00 240111.67 98.34 2.440595234134.00 300111.67 98.34 3.050744043134.00 360111.67 98.34 3.660892851134.00 420111.67 98.34 4.27104166134.00 480111.67 98.34 4.881190468134.00 540111.67 98.34 5.491339277134.00 600111.67 98.34 6.101488085134.00 660111.67 98.34 6.711636894134.00 720111.67 98.34 7.321785702134.00 780111.67 98.34 7.931934511134.00 840111.67 98.34 8.542083319134.00 900111.67 98.34 9.152232128134.00 960111.67 98.34 9.762380936134.00 1020111.67 98.34 10.37252974134.00 1080111.67 98.34 10.98267855134.00 1140111.67 98.34 11.59282736134.00 1200111.67 98.34 12.20297617134.00 混凝时间为15分钟tVV-V0t/V-V008.33 0.00 010.00 1016.67 8.34 1.19952019220.00 2041.67 33.34 0.59994000650.00 3058.33 50.00 0.59996000370.00 6093.33 85.00 0.705854672112.00 90107.50 99.17 0.90753252129.00 120108.33 100.00 1.199960001130.00 180110.00 101.67 1.770433756132.00 240110.83 102.50 2.341387272133.00 300111.67 103.34 2.903132157134.00 360111.67 103.34 3.483758588134.00 420111.67 103.34 4.06438502134.00 480111.67 103.34 4.645011451134.00 540111.67 103.34 5.225637883134.00 600111.67 103.34 5.806264314134.00 660111.67 103.34 6.386890745134.00 720111.67 103.34 6.967517177134.00 780111.67 103.34 7.548143608134.00 840111.67 103.34 8.12877004134.00 900111.67 103.34 8.709396471134.00 960111.67 103.34 9.290022902134.00 1020111.67 103.34 9.870649334134.00 1080111.67 103.34 10.45127577134.00 1140111.67 103.34 11.0319022134.00 1200111.67 103.34 11.61252863134.00 混凝时间为20分钟tVV-V0t/V-V006.67 0.00 08.00 1051.67 45.00 0.22223868462.00 2075.00 68.33 0.29269720590.00 3090.00 83.33 0.360014401108.00 60108.33 101.66 0.590183285130.00 90110.00 103.33 0.870995839132.00 120110.83 104.16 1.152036865133.00 180111.67 105.00 1.714340138134.00 240111.67 105.00 2.28578685134.00 300111.67 105.00 2.857233563134.00 360111.67 105.00 3.428680276134.00 420111.67 105.00 4.000126988134.00 480111.67 105.00 4.571573701134.00 540111.67 105.00 5.143020413134.00 600111.67 105.00 5.714467126134.00 660111.67 105.00 6.285913839134.00 720111.67 105.00 6.857360551134.00 780111.67 105.00 7.428807264134.00 840111.67 105.00 8.000253976134.00 900111.67 105.00 8.571700689134.00 960111.67 105.00 9.143147402134.00 1020111.67 105.00 9.714594114134.00 1080111.67 105.00 10.28604083134.00 1140111.67 105.00 10.85748754134.00 1200111.67 105.00 11.42893425134.00 混凝时间为25分钟tVV-V0t/V-V0011.67 0.00 014.00 1050.00 38.33 0.26089225260.00 2073.33 61.66 0.32434185688.00 3090.00 78.33 0.382995021108.00 60108.33 96.66 0.620711059130.00 90110.00 98.33 0.915285264132.00 120110.00 98.33 1.220380352132.00 180110.00 98.33 1.830570528132.00 240110.00 98.33 2.440760704132.00 300110.00 98.33 3.05095088132.00 360110.00 98.33 3.661141056132.00 420110.00 98.33 4.271331232132.00 480110.00 98.33 4.881521408132.00 540110.00 98.33 5.491711583132.00 600110.00 98.33 6.101901759132.00 660110.00 98.33 6.712091935132.00 720110.00 98.33 7.322282111132.00 780110.00 98.33 7.932472287132.00 840110.00 98.33 8.542662463132.00 900110.00 98.33 9.152852639132.00 960110.00 98.33 9.763042815132.00 1020110.00 98.33 10.37323299132.00 1080110.00 98.33 10.98342317132.00 1140110.00 98.33 11.59361334132.00 1200110.00 98.33 12.20380352132.00 混凝时间(min)510152025原始干污泥质量 g2.8773F 过滤面积38.465cm0.0038465mP 推动力(kpa)35.46混凝剂6%b值0.04150.02290.01270.01790.0157T 13.513.5131313烧杯+滤纸 g87.440389.825393.138791.364594.9223烧杯+滤纸+湿滤饼 g91.013294.81898.596.3902100.3702烧杯+滤纸+干泥饼 g87.752890.419793.748692.005695.567湿泥质量 g3.57294.99275.36135.02575.4479干泥质量 g0.31250.59440.60990.64110.6447Ci0.0031250.0059440.0060990.0064110.006447Cf8.74639648511.9053818611.3759722512.7564319411.83391766100-Ci99.99687599.99405699.99390199.99358999.993553100-Ci/Ci3199916822.6877516395.1305115597.1906115510.09043100-Cf91.2536035288.0946181488.6240277587.2435680688.16608234100-Cf/Cf10.433287.3995625847.7904574526.8391826557.450286955100-Ci/Ci-100-Cf/Cf31988.5667216815.2881916387.3400615590.3514315502.64014C值 1/100-Ci/Ci-100-Cf/Cf3.12612E-055.94697E-056.10227E-056.41422E-056.45051E-051+0.0337*T+0.000221T1.495227251.495227251.4754491.4754491.475449值0.00178/1+0.0337*T+0.000221T0.0011904540.0011904540.0012064120.0012064120.001206412b/C1327.525519385.0700995208.1192187279.0672905243.39145022PF1049301272PF/8814291305488142913054869769949178697699491786976994917=2PF/*b/c1.17012E+143.39412E+131.81016E+132.42724E+132.11695E+13混凝剂 g17.317.317.317.317.3 2、结论:在100mL污泥中,加入17.3mLA12(SO4)3(10g/l)混凝剂,设计混凝时间为5min、10min、15min、20min、25min,随着混凝时间的延长,混凝效果显著,污泥比阻逐渐下降。指导教师对实验结果意见:指导教师签名:年 月 日 (注:文档可能无法思考全面,请浏览后下载,供参考。可复制、编制,期待你的好评与关注!)
展开阅读全文