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第2讲夹叙夹议文 【典例【典例】(2014浙江高考浙江高考) I had worried myself sick over Simons mother coming to see me. I was a new21, and I gave an honest account of the students work. In Simons case, the grades were awfully low. He couldnt read his own handwriting. 22he was a bright student. He discussed adult subjects with nearly adult comprehension. His work in no way reflected his23. So when Simons mother entered the room, my palms(手掌手掌心心)were sweating. I was completely24for her kisses on both my cheeks. “I came to thank you, ”she said, surprising me beyond speech. 25me, Simon had become a different person. He talked of how he26me, he had begun to make friends, and for the first time in his twelve years, he had27spent an afternoon at a friends house. She wanted to tell me how grateful she was for the28I had nurtured(培养培养)in her son. She kissed me again and left. I sat, stunned(惊呆惊呆), for about half an hour, 29what had just happened. How did I make such a life-changing difference to that boy without30knowing it? What I finally came to31was one day, several months before, when some students were32reports in the front of the class, Jeanne spoke33, and to encourage her to raise her voice, I had said, “Speak up. Simons the expert on this. He is the34one you have to convince, and he cant hear you in the35of the room. ”That was it. From that day on, Simon had sat up straighter, paid more attention, 36more, and became happy. And it was all because he37to be the last kid in the last row. The boy who most needed38was the one who took the last seat that day. It taught me the most39lesson over the years of my teaching career, and Im thankful that it came40and positively. A small kindness can indeed make a difference. 21. A. cleanerB. reporterC. monitorD. teacher22. A. OrB. AndC. ButD. So23. A. courageB. abilitiesC. feelingsD. dream24. A. desperateB. responsible C. unprepared D. unsuitable25. A. Because ofB. In spite ofC. Apart from D. As for26. A. lovedB. enviedC. pleasedD. criticized27. A. graduallyB. constantlyC. recentlyD. obviously28. A. self-respectB. self-doubtC. self-pityD. self-defense29. A. imaginingB. observingC. wondering D. regretting30. A. alsoB. evenC. alwaysD. still31. A. expectB. rememberC. believeD. accept32. A. writing B. reviewingC. editingD. giving33. A. quietlyB. repeatedlyC. quicklyD. firmly34. A. luckyB. lonelyC. onlyD. likely35. A. entranceB. middleC. frontD. back36. A. sleptB. smiledC. shoutedD. quarreled37. A. intendedB. pretendedC. refusedD. happened38. A. changeB. praiseC. thanksD. visits39. A. difficult B. painfulC. valuableD. enjoyable40. A. earlyB. slowlyC. frequentlyD. occasionally【解题思路【解题思路】第一步抓主题理逻辑第一步抓主题理逻辑 本文主要讲述了作者作为一位新老师所经历的一件意想不到的事本文主要讲述了作者作为一位新老师所经历的一件意想不到的事情情: 一个成绩非常差、书写糟糕的孩子的母亲竟然来感谢作者对孩子一个成绩非常差、书写糟糕的孩子的母亲竟然来感谢作者对孩子的教导。感谢作者给孩子带来的改变的教导。感谢作者给孩子带来的改变, 作者经过一番思索之后才恍然作者经过一番思索之后才恍然大悟。大悟。 文章前三段以记叙为主文章前三段以记叙为主, 以倒叙的方式讲述了故事发生的背景和以倒叙的方式讲述了故事发生的背景和过程过程; 最后一段是议论最后一段是议论, 是作者经历这件事情以后的感悟。是作者经历这件事情以后的感悟。第二步品原文析选项第二步品原文析选项(一一)部分答案直接选部分答案直接选以下题目以下题目, 在第一遍阅读时即可选出在第一遍阅读时即可选出; 你能写出它们的答案吗你能写出它们的答案吗? 21. _; 25. _; 29. _; 32. _; 36. _ (二二)逻辑题目细推断逻辑题目细推断22. 空格前后两句之间是转折关系。故选空格前后两句之间是转折关系。故选_。23. 他很聪明他很聪明, 能用成人的理解力去讨论成人的问题能用成人的理解力去讨论成人的问题, 他的作业他的作业(写的字写的字)绝不可能反映出他的能力。故选绝不可能反映出他的能力。故选_。DACDBCB31. 前文交代坐在那儿花了半小时的时间在想前文交代坐在那儿花了半小时的时间在想, 后文交代是几个月前的后文交代是几个月前的某一天某一天, 说明作者是在记起为什么说明作者是在记起为什么Simon变化会那么大。故选变化会那么大。故选_。38. Simon是由于作者在鼓励是由于作者在鼓励Jeanne的时候顺带得到了作者的肯定的时候顺带得到了作者的肯定, 于于是便变得不同了是便变得不同了, 说明孩子特别需要表扬。故选说明孩子特别需要表扬。故选_。40. 前文提到作者是位新老师前文提到作者是位新老师, 所以这件事发生在作者教学生涯的早所以这件事发生在作者教学生涯的早期。故选期。故选_。BBA(三三)依照语境词义辨依照语境词义辨26. 从前后文语境来看从前后文语境来看, 孩子是喜欢老师的。故选孩子是喜欢老师的。故选_。27. 此处表示此处表示“最近他最近他12年来第一次在朋友家待一下午年来第一次在朋友家待一下午”。故选。故选_。28. Simon的妈妈是想要告诉老师孩子的改变的妈妈是想要告诉老师孩子的改变, 此处肯定选择褒义词此处肯定选择褒义词, 表示作者培养了孩子的自尊。故选表示作者培养了孩子的自尊。故选_。30. 作者很困惑作者很困惑, 自己甚至都不知道如何给的这个孩子改变一生的影自己甚至都不知道如何给的这个孩子改变一生的影响。故选响。故选_。33. 后文作者鼓励后文作者鼓励Jeanne要大声地说。说明原来要大声地说。说明原来Jeanne声音太小了。声音太小了。故选故选_。34. 他是唯一一个你必须说服的人。故选他是唯一一个你必须说服的人。故选_。39. 我认为这一次经历是带给我最有价值的一次课。故选我认为这一次经历是带给我最有价值的一次课。故选_。ACABACC(四四)搭配题目填一填搭配题目填一填24. unprepared与与for搭配搭配, 意为意为“无准备的无准备的”。故选。故选_。37. happen to do是固定搭配是固定搭配, 意为意为“碰巧碰巧, 突然发生突然发生”。故选。故选_。(五五)依据常识选答案依据常识选答案35. 根据常识根据常识, 说话声音不大的话最后一排的人听不到。故选说话声音不大的话最后一排的人听不到。故选_。CDD1. 体裁技巧体裁技巧夹叙夹议文夹叙夹议文 (1)体裁特点体裁特点近年来近年来, 夹叙夹议类文章在高考完形填空中出现的频率越来越高。夹叙夹议类文章在高考完形填空中出现的频率越来越高。其特点有其特点有: 主题鲜明主题鲜明: 接近生活实际接近生活实际, 内容积极且有教育意义内容积极且有教育意义; 逻辑理顺逻辑理顺: 结构清晰结构清晰, 脉络有序脉络有序, 先议后叙或先叙后议先议后叙或先叙后议; 记叙议记叙议论有机结合统一论有机结合统一, 记叙为议论服务记叙为议论服务, 议论又论证记叙。议论又论证记叙。 (2)解题技巧解题技巧 解答夹叙夹议类完形填空时解答夹叙夹议类完形填空时, 思维应灵活思维应灵活, 抓住作者的观点即主题抓住作者的观点即主题, 把叙事和明理联系起来把叙事和明理联系起来, 随着记叙与议论的转换随着记叙与议论的转换, 及时调整思维方式。及时调整思维方式。以以2014年浙江高考完形填空为例年浙江高考完形填空为例, 文章主要讲述了文章主要讲述了“我我”作为一位新作为一位新老师所经历的一件意想不到的事情老师所经历的一件意想不到的事情, 一个成绩非常差一个成绩非常差, 书写糟糕的孩子书写糟糕的孩子的母亲竟然来感谢我对孩子的教导。感谢的母亲竟然来感谢我对孩子的教导。感谢“我我”给孩子带来的改变给孩子带来的改变, “我我”经过一番思索之后才恍然大悟。文章前两段讲述一位母亲的感经过一番思索之后才恍然大悟。文章前两段讲述一位母亲的感激激, 第三段讲述一个小小的善举给一个内向的孩子带来鼓励。最后一第三段讲述一个小小的善举给一个内向的孩子带来鼓励。最后一段点出主旨段点出主旨: 小善举大意义。文章先叙后议小善举大意义。文章先叙后议, 需要全局把握需要全局把握, 用主旨来用主旨来引导记叙引导记叙, 提高正确率。提高正确率。2. 考点技巧考点技巧利用逻辑推理解题利用逻辑推理解题 完形填空的逻辑推理多涉及文章的行文走势完形填空的逻辑推理多涉及文章的行文走势, 句子之间或段落之句子之间或段落之间的衔接过渡间的衔接过渡, 文章中人物与情节的穿插等。常见的逻辑关系包括因文章中人物与情节的穿插等。常见的逻辑关系包括因果关系、对比关系、并列关系、转折关系、让步关系、递进关系等。果关系、对比关系、并列关系、转折关系、让步关系、递进关系等。这种逻辑关系经常出现在夹叙夹议文和议论文中这种逻辑关系经常出现在夹叙夹议文和议论文中, 近几年的高考近几年的高考, 多考多考查因果关系。查因果关系。【典例【典例1】(2015湖北高考湖北高考)“Daily Star, sir, ”called Jason, carrying some newspapers under his arm. The little boy had been running up and down the street, but there were still twenty31(papers) left. His voice was almost gone and his heart was32. 32. A. openB. heavyC. pureD. weak【点拨【点拨】因果关系推理。根据上文可知因果关系推理。根据上文可知, 小男孩还有小男孩还有20份报纸没卖完份报纸没卖完, 因而心情十分沉重。故选因而心情十分沉重。故选B。【典例【典例2】(2015天津高考天津高考)Walking through the rooms and talking with the owners, a nice elderly couple, we felt the warmth and21of the marriage within that home. 21. A. prideB. happinessC. challengeD. desire【点拨【点拨】并列关系推理。和这对和蔼的老夫妇交谈着走过房间并列关系推理。和这对和蔼的老夫妇交谈着走过房间, 我们我们感觉到他们家中婚姻的温馨和幸福。感觉到他们家中婚姻的温馨和幸福。and前后语意应该一致前后语意应该一致, 故用故用happiness对应前面的对应前面的warmth。故选。故选B。【典例【典例3】(2014浙江高考浙江高考)In Simons case, the grades were awfully low. He couldnt read his own handwriting. 22he was a bright student. He discussed adult subjects with nearly adult comprehension. 22. A. OrB. AndC. ButD. So【点拨【点拨】转折关系推理。根据上面的叙述转折关系推理。根据上面的叙述the grades were awfully low和和He couldnt read his own handwriting可知可知: 他的成绩差并且字也不他的成绩差并且字也不好看好看, “但是但是”他是一个他是一个“bright”(聪明的聪明的)学生。由此可知学生。由此可知, 上下句之上下句之间表示转折关系。故选间表示转折关系。故选C。【典例【典例4】(2014大纲版全国卷大纲版全国卷)Simon had 52 (returned to) the camp at the foot of the mountain. He thought that Joe must be53, but he didnt want to leave 54 (immediately). Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joes voice. He couldnt 55 (believe) it. Joe was there, a few meters from their tent, still alive. 53. A. deadB. hurtC. weakD. late【点拨【点拨】对比关系推理。根据这一段的最后一个单词对比关系推理。根据这一段的最后一个单词alive可知可知, Simon认为认为Joe一定已经死了一定已经死了, 故选故选A。【误区纠偏【误区纠偏】【典例【典例】(2014辽宁高考辽宁高考)When I arrived at the 44 (restaurant), I apologized and told Eleanor I didnt mean to be late. She screamed, “You never mean to. ”Well, I 45 (could)tell she was angry. “Im sorry but it was not 46 (avoidable), ”I said. Then I told her about the business meeting. 47 (However), my explanation seemed to make things worse, which started to drive48mad as well. 48. A. herB. himC. meD. them【点拨【点拨】逻辑推理题。此题容易误选逻辑推理题。此题容易误选her, 认为他妻子很生气。其实前认为他妻子很生气。其实前文已经提到他妻子很生气文已经提到他妻子很生气, 此处不需要再重复此处不需要再重复, 而是妻子的行为举动也而是妻子的行为举动也让让“我我”(作者作者)非常生气。解决此题的关键是短语非常生气。解决此题的关键是短语as well, 意为意为“也也”, 故选故选C。
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