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Neil ArmstrongHe is the first personWho is Neil Armstrong?to walk on the moon.sent onto the moon.that was walking on the moon.that was sent onto the moon.在月球行走的在月球行走的被派往月球的被派往月球的Neil Armstrong is the person who has ever been to the moon. There are reports that say Armstrong saw the alien spacecraft.It is said that Armstrong sent a message which said that two huge, strange objects landed near them.什么是定语从句呢？什么是定语从句呢？修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。Those who are singing are my friends. Read carefully and find out who are the persons that Kitty and Peter admire.Peter and Kitty are talking about the persons they admire.Part Two Practice (Page 64)/peilei /Christopher ColumbusPele/kristf klmbs/Pele is the best personPeleHe is the personChristopher Columbuswho discovered America.that has ever played.Pele is the person who is called the king of the football.1. Hes the person who discovered America.1. Hes the person who discovered America.2. Tell me the person who you want to write 2. Tell me the person who you want to write about.about.4. Have you found the information which 4. Have you found the information which you need for your article?you need for your article?5. Ive found a website that gives a detailed 5. Ive found a website that gives a detailed introduction to Columbus.introduction to Columbus.3. I believe that hes the best football player 3. I believe that hes the best football player that has ever played.that has ever played.Please find out the defining relative clauses:whowhothatthatwhichwhichthatthatwhowho定语从句的结构：定语从句的结构：He is the person who discovered America.先行词先行词+关系词关系词+句子句子被修饰词被修饰词The man that lives next to us is a doctor.lives next to usthatThe man1. Hes 1. Hes the personthe person whowho discovered America. discovered America.2. Tell me the person who you want to write 2. Tell me the person who you want to write about.about.4. Have you found the information which 4. Have you found the information which you need for your article?you need for your article?5. Ive found a website that gives a detailed 5. Ive found a website that gives a detailed introduction to Columbus.introduction to Columbus.3. I believe that hes the best football player 3. I believe that hes the best football player that has ever played.that has ever played.Please find out the defining relative clauses:Relative PronounPeopleThingswhowhichthat1 SARS is a terrible disease _ killed many people.2 Yao Ming _ plays in NBA is a famous sportsman.3 Harry Potter is a good film _ many children like.that/whichthat/whothat/whichRelative pronouns关系词关系词关系代词关系代词: that, which, who, whom, whose关系副词关系副词: when, where, why关系代词：关系代词： Relative pronouns 指物：指物：that which 指人：指人： (主主/宾格宾格) who that (宾格宾格) whom所属关系所属关系：whose Do you know the girl _they are talking about?Do you know the girl _is talking there?who/ thatA. whoB. thatC. whomD. /定语从句中作定语从句中作宾语宾语的关系代词的关系代词可以可以省略省略。The house _windows face us is designed beautifully.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. whoseDMore exercises:The boy who _ (be) to Beijing is here.The boys who _ (be) to Beijing are here.has beenhave been注注: :当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时, ,定定语从句的谓语动词形式由语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词决定先行词决定。关系代词关系代词that, which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句: 如果如果先行词先行词是表示物的是表示物的名词或代词名词或代词，关系，关系代词应用代词应用that、which. (作作主语主语或或宾语宾语)This is a dream.The dream will never come true.This is a dream which/that will never come true.The dog has been found.The dog was lost.The dog which was lost has been found.which / that 作主语作主语. (不能省不能省)（作主语）（作主语）which / that 作宾语作宾语 ： （可省略）可省略）This is the card.Ive just received the card.This is the card which / that Ive just received.( ) （作宾语）（作宾语）who / that 作主语作主语. (不能省不能省)This is the film star.The film star is very popular in China.This is the film star who is very popular in China. (作主语作主语)/ thatwho / whom / that 作宾语：作宾语：( 可省略可省略)The man is a famous writer. He described the man just now.The man ( who/ whom/ that ) he described just now is a famous writer. (作宾语）作宾语） The thief has been sent to prison. The police caught the thief last night. The thief whom the police caught last night has been sent to prison.2.The boy _ I m looking for is my friend.whose 作定语作定语,表示所属关系。表示所属关系。 The boy is my classmate. The boys father is a policeman.The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate.定语从句的题目定语从句的题目1. The book he is fond of _(描述描述) how birds live2. The dog you once played a trick on _(咬咬) you.3. Could you tell me whether the paintings he devoted up to two years to _(show) last week.4. Dont laugh at the people in trouble.=Dont laugh at the people _ _ in trouble.5. The childrens Day the children are looking forward to _(come) at lastdescribesbitwas shownwho are定语从句的题目定语从句的题目4. The _(决定决定) which they have made are very important.5.- How did you find the trip to the West Lake?-_A. The guide book took us there.B. First by train and then by busC. Very fantastic indeedD. It was not far from out hoteldecisionsC6.-What are they talking about? -_.A. when did they leave?B. There are three foreign filmsC. A famous film shown in Red Star CinemaD. what did you buy for your father小结：小结： who 指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略可以省略,（常用（常用whom） that 既可指人，也可指物，作主语，既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。 which指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略语，可以省略.指人或物的所属关系指人或物的所属关系whose Homework:Match the two sentences1.Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. _2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese._ 3.I dont like the man. He is smoking._4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week._ Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.I dont like the man who/ that is smoking.Where is the picture that you bought last week?有时只能用有时只能用 that , 不用不用 which, 常见的情况有六种：常见的情况有六种：1.当先行词是当先行词是 all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, nothing , everybody,nobody, everyone, no one 或被它们修饰时。或被它们修饰时。 Thats all that I know. Is there anything that I can do for you? He answered few questions that the teacher asked.2. 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 That is the most interesting book that I have ever read.The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons.3. 当先行词有当先行词有the very, the only, the same等修饰时。等修饰时。Thats the only thing that I can do now.These are the very words that he used.4. 当主句以当主句以 who 或或 which开头时，定语从句的关开头时，定语从句的关系词用系词用 that, 而不用而不用 which 或或 who.Who is the girl that spoke to you just now?Which is the pen that you lost ?5. 先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that.The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate.A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan( 孤儿孤儿).A. who B. whose C. whos D. which 例句赏析例句赏析Its an invention which /that is used for keeping off the rain .飘飘Its a book that/which was written by Margaret Mitchell. Gone with the windIts the Wall that /which was built by Chinese people.Its an animal that/which.Its an animal that / which has big nose.Exercise 1 :用关系代词填空用关系代词填空1. The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.2. The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister.3. I hate people _ talk much but do little.4. The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who / thatwhich/ thatwho / thatwhich / that5. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.6. Is there a student _ father is a business man?7. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.8.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.Exercise 2. 1. My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember.2. Say all _ you know.3. Is there anything _ I can do for you?thatthatthat当先行词是something, anything, nothing, all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.4.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here.5. This is the best novel _ I have read.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree?7. Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.当主句是who或或which 引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.thatthat关系副词：关系副词：when/ where/why when 作时间状语作时间状语:She will never forget the day.She was married on that day.She will never forget the day when (=on which)she was married.It was the year.The World War I broke out in the year.It was the year when (= in which) the World War I broke out.When = 介词介词 + which where 作地点状语作地点状语I want to know the place.I was born there.I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born.The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.where = 介词介词 + whichwhy 作原因状语作原因状语, 其先行词常常是其先行词常常是the reason.That is the reason why(= for which) Im late.I know the reason why he said it.why = for whichEXERCISE1.October 1,1949 is the day _ the PRC was founded.A.which B. when C. that D. on that2.Is that the reason _ you are for the plan. which B. what C. why D. for that 3.October 1,1949 is the day _ the PRC was founded. A. which B. when C. that D. on that 4. Is this the place _ you were born? A. which B.where C.what D.that挑战高难度！挑战高难度！ 1. Is this the place _ you were born? A. which B.where C.what D.that 2. Is this the place _ some German friends visited last year? A. which B.where C.what D. why 3.The house _ the famous writer wrote his works is a museum now. A. which B.where C.what D.that 4.The house _ the famous writer bought many years ago is a museum now. A. that B.where C.what D. why 5.He told her the reason_ why he is unhappy, but she doesnt believe the reason _ he gives her. A. why; why B. why; which C. that; why D. which; why 谢谢观赏谢谢观赏指人指人指物指物主语主语宾语宾语that whichwhowhom关系代词的用法关系代词的用法 关系代词在从句中可以：关系代词在从句中可以：何时可以省略？何时可以省略？ 做做宾语宾语时可以省略时可以省略Do you know the girl _they are talking about?Do you know the girl _is talking there?who/ thatA. whoB. thatC. whomD. /定语从句中作定语从句中作宾语宾语的关系代词的关系代词可以可以省略省略。The house _windows face us is designed beautifully.A. which B. thatC. whoD. whoseDMore exercises:The boy who _ (be) to Beijing is here.The boys who _ (be) to Beijing are here.has beenhave been注注: :当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时, ,定定语从句的谓语动词形式由语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词决定先行词决定。关系代词关系代词that, which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句: 如果如果先行词先行词是表示物的是表示物的名词或代词名词或代词，关系，关系代词应用代词应用that、which. (作作主语主语或或宾语宾语)This is a dream.The dream will never come true.This is a dream which/that will never come true.The dog has been found.The dog was lost.The dog which was lost has been found.which / that 作主语作主语. (不能省不能省)（作主语）（作主语）有时只能用有时只能用 that , 不用不用 which, 常见的情况有六种：常见的情况有六种：1.当先行词是当先行词是 all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, nothing , everybody,nobody, everyone, no one 或被它们修饰时。或被它们修饰时。 Thats all that I know. Is there anything that I can do for you? He answered few questions that the teacher asked.2. 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 That is the most interesting book that I have ever read.The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons.3. 当先行词有当先行词有the very, the only, the same等修等修饰时。饰时。Thats the only thing that I can do now.These are the very words that he used.4. 当主句以当主句以 who 或或 which开头时，定语从句的开头时，定语从句的关系词用关系词用 that, 而不用而不用 which 或或 who.Who is the girl that spoke to you just now?Which is the pen that you lost ?5. 先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that.The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate.Exercise 1 :用关系代词填空用关系代词填空1. The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.2. The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister.3. I hate people _ talk much but do little.4. The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who / thatwhich/ thatwho / thatwhich / that5. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.6. Is there a student _ father is a business man?7. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.8.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.Exercise 2. 1. My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember.2. Say all _ you know.3. Is there anything _ I can do for you?thatthatthat当先行词是something, anything, nothing, all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.4.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here.5. This is the best novel _ I have read.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree?7. Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.当主句是who或或which 引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.thatthatMatch the two sentences1.Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. _2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese._ 3.I dont like the man. He is smoking._4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week._ Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.I dont like the man who/ that is smoking.Where is the picture that you bought last week?关系副词：关系副词：when/ where/whywhere 作地点状语作地点状语I want to know the place.I was born there.I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born.The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.where = 介词介词 + whichI want to know the place _I was born in.I want to know the place in _I was born. when 作时间状语作时间状语:She will never forget the day.She was married on that day.She will never forget the day when (=on which)she was married.It was the year.The World War I broke out in the year.It was the year when (= in which) the World War I broke out.When = 介词介词 + which why 作原因状语作原因状语, 其先行词常常是其先行词常常是the reason.That is the reason why(= for which) Im late.I know the reason why he said it.why = for whichEXERCISE1.October 1,1949 is the day _ the PRC was founded.A.which B. when C. that D. on that2.Is that the reason _ you are for the plan. which B. what C. why D. for that 3.October 1,1949 is the day _ the PRC was founded. A. which B. when C. that D. on that 4. Is this the place _ you were born? A. which B.where C.what D.that挑战高难度！挑战高难度！ 1. Is this the place _ you were born? A. which B.where C.what D.that 2. Is this the place _ some German friends visited last year? A. which B.where C.what D. why 3.The house _ the famous writer wrote his works is a museum now. A. which B.where C.what D.that 4.The house _ the famous writer bought many years ago is a museum now. A. that B.where C.what D. why 5.He told her the reason_ he is unhappy, but she doesnt believe the reason _ he gives her. A. why; why B. why; which C. that; why D. which; why6. Is this factory _ you worked at?A. the one B. that C. which D. where7. Is this girl _ you called just now?A.the one B. who C. which D. whom 8. Is this the girl _ you called just now? A. the one B. whose C. which D. whomA A D
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