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Language study1. Joseph Haydn was an Austrian composer and is known as “the father of the symphony”. be known as 作为作为出名出名 be known for 因因而著名而著名 be known to 为为所了解知道，所了解知道， He is known as a famous singer 他作为一个著名歌手而出名。他作为一个著名歌手而出名。 He is known to all in our village.村子里的人都了解他。村子里的人都了解他。 Guilin is known for her beautiful mountains and rivers桂林因其美丽的山水而闻名。桂林因其美丽的山水而闻名。 2. Having worked there for 30 years, he moved to London, where he became very successful. 在那里工作了在那里工作了3030年后年后, ,海顿移居伦敦。在伦敦海顿移居伦敦。在伦敦, ,他非常他非常 成功。成功。 （1）Having done 作作_ v.-ing的完成式作状语的完成式作状语, 表示的动作发生在表示的动作发生在 谓语动词的动作谓语动词的动作_。 Having worked there for 30 years, = After Haydn had worked there for 30 years时间状语时间状语之前之前注意：注意：V-ing的一般式表示动作与谓语动词的动作同时的一般式表示动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生。发生。Working in the factory, he learned a lot from the workers.在这家工厂工作时，他从工人那里学到很多。在这家工厂工作时，他从工人那里学到很多。其否定形式为其否定形式为not + doing / having done没收到他的回信，她就又给她写了一封。没收到他的回信，她就又给她写了一封。Not having heard from him, she wrote to him again.（2）where 在此处引导了一个在此处引导了一个_从句。作关系从句。作关系_。先行词是。先行词是 _. 这就是我出生的城市。这就是我出生的城市。 This is the town where I was born. 定语定语副词副词London3. By the time he was 14, Mozart had composed many pieces for the harpsichord, piano and violin, as well as for orchestras. 在莫扎特在莫扎特14岁的时候就已写了许多大键琴曲，钢琴曲岁的时候就已写了许多大键琴曲，钢琴曲 和小提琴演奏曲，同时也写和小提琴演奏曲，同时也写 了很多适合乐队演奏的了很多适合乐队演奏的 曲子曲子 。 by the time引导的时间状语从句中，主句用引导的时间状语从句中，主句用完成时态。完成时态。 （若从句用一般现在时，主句用（若从句用一般现在时，主句用将来完成将来完成时；若从句时；若从句 是一般过去时，主句用是一般过去时，主句用过去完成过去完成时）时）By the time I finished eating, he had already been asleep.当我吃完时，他已睡着了。当我吃完时，他已睡着了。By the time he was twenty, he had graduated from college. 他二十岁时，他已经从大学毕业了。他二十岁时，他已经从大学毕业了。By the time they get here, well have finished the work. 等他们到这里时等他们到这里时,我们会已经把工作做完。我们会已经把工作做完。 1) Its time (for sb.) to do sth. 是（某人）该是（某人）该 干干的时的时候了。候了。Its time for us to have supper. 我们该吃晚饭了。我们该吃晚饭了。 2) Its (high) time + that 从句（从句（that可以省略，从句谓语可以省略，从句谓语动词用动词用虚拟语气虚拟语气）是某人（早）该干某事的时候了。）是某人（早）该干某事的时候了。Its (high) time that we had supper.我们早该吃晚饭了。我们早该吃晚饭了。3）It (this /that) is/was the first (second, third ) time + that 从句（从句现在完成时）。从句（从句现在完成时）。It was the second time that we had had supper in this restaurant. 这是我们第二次在这家饭店吃饭了。这是我们第二次在这家饭店吃饭了。 4.While he was still a teenager, Mozart was already a big star and toured Europe giving concerts.莫扎特还是个少年时，就已经是个大明星了，并且莫扎特还是个少年时，就已经是个大明星了，并且在欧洲巡回举办音乐会。在欧洲巡回举办音乐会。 while 在此引导在此引导_状语从句，表示状语从句，表示_, 用用于这一用法时于这一用法时while 引导的时间状语从句中的谓语引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词必须是动词必须是_,强调某一段时间内主句和强调某一段时间内主句和从句的动作在同一时期发生从句的动作在同一时期发生, 或者主句的动作发生在或者主句的动作发生在从句动作的进行过程中。从句动作的进行过程中。时间时间当当时时延续性动词延续性动词区别：WHILE，WHEN， AS引导的时间状语从句。While he was reading, his wife was cooking.When Mrs Deng came into the classroom, all of us were reading books loudly.As we grow older, we become wiser. 5. It was Haydn who encouraged Beethoven to move to Vienna. It iswas who / that 结构来突出强调句子的某一结构来突出强调句子的某一 成分。如果被强调的成分是表示人的词，用成分。如果被强调的成分是表示人的词，用who /that/whom来连接都可以。表示物的用来连接都可以。表示物的用that来连接。来连接。 It is I who am right. / It is he who is wrong It is Tom who/ that is going to be sent there to help them. It is me whom the teacher has punished.正是我母亲每天做饭。正是我母亲每天做饭。It is my mother whothat cooks every day. 正是昨天汤姆才通过的考试。正是昨天汤姆才通过的考试。It was yesterday that Tom passed in the maths exam即使被强调成分是句子中的时间状语，地点状语，原即使被强调成分是句子中的时间状语，地点状语，原因状语等，也不能用因状语等，也不能用 when，where, because，要用，要用 that。直到战争结束以后约翰才回到祖国。直到战争结束以后约翰才回到祖国。It was after the war was over that John came back to the motherland. 6. As he grew older, he began to go deaf. go +adj.往往表示事物由好向坏的变化。往往表示事物由好向坏的变化。 类似的用法：类似的用法： go deaf 变聋变聋 go mad 变疯变疯 go wrong 变坏变坏(出毛病出毛病) go bad 变坏（变质）变坏（变质） go hungry 变饿变饿 go blind 变瞎变瞎 当我向他提及此事时，他的脸红了。当我向他提及此事时，他的脸红了。 When I mentioned it to him, his face went red. 她的头发正在变白。她的头发正在变白。Her hair is going gray.Cultural corner Listen with the question:How old did Yexiaogang begin studying piano?When did he work part of time in Beijing and part of time in USA?1.one of +可数名词复数可数名词复数one of the Beatles played drums.2.the new Tide3.film music4. show musical abilityPara.15.The Central Conservatory of Music of China6. graduation n. “毕业毕业”v. graduate “毕业毕业”I graduated from Harbin Normal university.“从从毕业毕业”7. work asPara.28. the leading modern composers9.The first Contemporary Chinese Composers Festival10.mix A with B“把把A与与B混合混合” Para.311. The Beijing International Jazz Festival12. receive the prize13. part of time14. Shanghai Symphony OrchestraPara.4 -5
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