高考英语大一轮复习 book 7 unit 21 Human Biology课件 北师大版

Human BiologyBook 7 Unit 21基础知识排查重点短语突破句法与语法突破五年高考 最新模拟重点单词突破1基础知识排查基础知识排查1.abuse vt.&n.滥用滥用2.fundamental adj.根本的；基础的根本的；基础的3.doubtful adj.怀疑的，不肯定的怀疑的，不肯定的 4.seek vt.寻找寻找5.annual adj.每年的，一年一次的，每年的，一年一次的，年度的年度的 重点识记词汇6.in vain徒然，白费力气徒然，白费力气pulsory adj.强制性的，义务的强制性的，义务的 8.at random随便地，随意地随便地，随意地9.controversial adj.有争议的有争议的 10.at all costs不管多大代价，无论如何不管多大代价，无论如何11.privileged adj.荣幸的荣幸的 12.cater vi.满足；迎合满足；迎合cater to满足；迎合满足；迎合13.entry n.进入；入学进入；入学 14.treat vt.款待款待15.postpone vt.推迟，延期推迟，延期 16.straight away立刻，马上立刻，马上17.unite vt.联合；团结；统一联合；团结；统一 18.routine n.常规；惯例常规；惯例19.foresee vt.预见预见 20.underline vt.表明重要性；强调表明重要性；强调21.faith n.信心信心 22.stop sth.in its tracks终止；消灭终止；消灭23.temporary adj.临时的；短暂的临时的；短暂的 24.rob vt.使丧失；抢劫使丧失；抢劫25.decline vi.下降下降 26.at any rate无论如何；至少无论如何；至少27.deadline n.截止日期，最后日期截止日期，最后日期 28.concern n.担心；担忧担心；担忧29.absurd adj.荒谬的；可笑的荒谬的；可笑的30.tolerate vt.容忍容忍tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的宽容的；容忍的tolerance n.容容忍忍31.oppose vt.反对反对opposite adj.相反的相反的opposition n.相反相反32.contradict vt.与与(其他事物其他事物)相矛盾相矛盾contradiction n.矛盾矛盾的说法；反驳的说法；反驳33.trial n.实验实验try v.试验；试做；试验；试做；n.尝试尝试34.prohibit vt.禁止禁止prohibition n.禁止；禁令禁止；禁令35.equip vt.使有准备使有准备equipment n.装备；设备装备；设备36.fortune n.大笔钱财，巨款大笔钱财，巨款fortunate adj.幸运的幸运的misfortune n.不幸不幸1.Unfortunately，it is not easy to catch athletes using illegal drugs.不幸的是，要当场查出运动员使用违禁药物并不是很容易不幸的是，要当场查出运动员使用违禁药物并不是很容易。2.When he went to the doctor that day，he could not have known what was about to happen to him.那天当他去看医生时，他不可能知道他要发生什么事。那天当他去看医生时，他不可能知道他要发生什么事。 必背经典句式3.Our eyes and ears send signals all the time，and it is our brain that interprets these signals and builds up a picture of the outside world.我们的眼睛和耳朵不停地发射信号，大脑翻译这些信号并构我们的眼睛和耳朵不停地发射信号，大脑翻译这些信号并构建出外部世界的图画。建出外部世界的图画。4.It seems a real pity that thousands of people who could have benefited from Traditional Chinese Medicine missed out because of ignorance.很遗憾，由于无知，成千上万的人们错过了用传统中医治疗很遗憾，由于无知，成千上万的人们错过了用传统中医治疗的机会。的机会。-ure/-ture/-ature architecture /kItekt/n.U建筑建筑学；建筑式样；建筑风格学；建筑式样；建筑风格creature /krit/n.C1.创造物；产物创造物；产物2.生物；动物生物；动物departure /dIpt/n.C&U启程；离开；出发启程；离开；出发literature /lItrt/n.C&U1.文学文学2.文献；图书文献；图书资料资料signature /sInt/n.C&U署名；签名署名；签名 构词记忆2重点单词突破重点单词突破1 tolerate v.容忍；忍受；宽容容忍；忍受；宽容多词一义tolerate，bear，stand，put up withtolerate sb.doing sth.容忍容忍/忍受某人做某事忍受某人做某事have tolerance for忍受忍受beyond tolerance无法忍受无法忍受be tolerant of容忍容忍He wont tolerate anyone questioning his decisions.他不能容忍别人对他的决定提出质疑。他不能容忍别人对他的决定提出质疑。Perhaps you need to be tolerant of your neighbors.或许你应该对你的邻居宽容些。或许你应该对你的邻居宽容些。13 夯实基础语法填空语法填空(1)Perhaps you should be more tolerant your little sister.(2)I have a high tolerance that stuff.(3)He was tolerance at last，and left angrily.offorbeyond2 seek vt. & vi.寻找寻找( (look for) )；探索；探索；寻求；寻求( (try to obtain) )应试指导seek for作为高级词汇替换作为高级词汇替换look forseek after/for企图获得；追求；寻找企图获得；追求；寻找seek to do sth.试图试图( (设法设法) )做某事做某事seek out找到找到They sought in vain for somewhere to shelter.他们怎么也找不到一个藏身的地方。他们怎么也找不到一个藏身的地方。 夯实基础语法填空语法填空(1)They are urgently seeking the post where they are well paid.(2)The couple have sought help their marriage go-betweens.(3)Corbett resolved to seek the truth.(4) (seek) for a solution to the problem for several days，they finally found one.forfromoutHaving sought3 cater v.迎合；满足需要迎合；满足需要( (provide what one wants) )；提供饮食及服务；提供饮食及服务( (provide food，drinks，etc.) )多词一义cause，cater to/for，meet，satisfy，fulfillcater to迎合迎合cater for为为提供服务；满足提供服务；满足需要需要cater for sth.提供饮食；承办酒席提供饮食；承办酒席Our newspapers try to cater for/to all opinions.我们的报纸试图满足各种观点的要求。我们的报纸试图满足各种观点的要求。 夯实基础语法填空语法填空(1)Its the kind of movie that caters the worst side of human nature.(2)Its a holiday company that caters the elderly.(3)Who is catering your daughters wedding?toforfor4prohibit v.( (尤指以法令尤指以法令) )禁止禁止( (forbid) )；阻止；阻止多词一义prohibit sb.from doing，stop sb.(from) doing，prevent sb.(from) doing，keep sb.from doingprohibit sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事禁止某人做某事prohibit ones doing sth.禁止某人做某事禁止某人做某事prohibition against.的禁令的禁令The price prohibited us from buying it.这东西价钱太高，我们买不起。这东西价钱太高，我们买不起。Visitors are prohibited from feeding the animals.禁止游客投喂动物。禁止游客投喂动物。 夯实基础语法填空语法填空(1)The environmental group is demanding a complete prohibition the hunting of whales.(2)Meanwhile，the Dutch will prohibit tourists buying marijuana(大麻大麻) in their famous coffee shops.(3)A few schools have adopted policies that prohibit _(share) student contact information.againstfrom sharing5 rob v.使丧失；抢劫；盗窃使丧失；抢劫；盗窃( (steal) )；剥夺；剥夺rob sb./sp.of sth.抢某人抢某人( (某地某地) )的某物的某物steal sth.from sb./sp.从从那里偷某物那里偷某物robbery n.抢劫抢劫robber n.盗贼；强盗盗贼；强盗24I cant forgive Lewis for robbing me of an Olympic gold.我不能原谅刘易斯夺走了我一块奥运会金牌。我不能原谅刘易斯夺走了我一块奥运会金牌。Mrs.Yacoub was robbed of her 3,000 designer watch at her West London home.雅各布夫人那块价值雅各布夫人那块价值3 000英镑的名牌手表在西伦敦的家英镑的名牌手表在西伦敦的家中被人抢走了。中被人抢走了。 夯实基础(1)用用rob的适当形式填空的适当形式填空Armed _ broke into a jewellers through a hole in the wall.The man was serving a sentence for _ with violence.(2)The bank was robbed and shut down，but reopened last week._(用过去分用过去分词作状语改写句子词作状语改写句子)robbersrobberyRobbed and shut down，the bank reopened last week.6decline n.衰落；衰败；减少；衰落；衰败；减少；下降；下降；v.衰落；减少衰落；减少( (reduce) )；下降；下降；婉言谢绝；婉言谢绝( (refuse) )多词一义decline，refuse，deny27decline to do.拒绝做拒绝做a decline in在在方面下降方面下降in decline/on the decline在衰退中，走下坡路在衰退中，走下坡路In many cases living standards are declining.在许多方面生活水平正在下降。在许多方面生活水平正在下降。The minister declined to comment on the rumors.部长拒绝对那些传言发表评论。部长拒绝对那些传言发表评论。 夯实基础语法填空语法填空(1)There has been a steady decline public services over recent years.(2)Thankfully，this is a disease that is now the decline.(3)He declined (answer) my questions.inonto answer297 submit v.服从；提交，递交；呈递服从；提交，递交；呈递( (文件等文件等) )submit to服从于；屈从于服从于；屈从于submit oneself to甘受甘受；服从；服从submit.to.向向提交提交In desperation，Mrs.Jones submitted to an operation on her right knee to relieve the pain.绝望之际，琼斯夫人只好同意在其右膝上做手术绝望之际，琼斯夫人只好同意在其右膝上做手术以减轻疼痛。以减轻疼痛。 夯实基础(1)If I (服从服从) their demands，they would give whatever I want.(2)They (向向提交提交了报告了报告) the headmaster yesterday.submitted tosubmitted their reports to8 concern v.影响影响( (affect) )；涉及；涉及( (involve) )，与，与有有关关( (be connected with) )；让；让( (某人某人) )担忧担忧( (be worried about) )；n.担心，忧虑；关心担心，忧虑；关心应试指导过去分词作前置定语与后置定语时意义的区别过去分词作前置定语与后置定语时意义的区别concerned adj.担心的；忧虑的；感兴趣的担心的；忧虑的；感兴趣的as far as sb.be concerned就某人而言就某人而言be concerned about/for ( (concern oneself about/for) )对对担心担心/关心关心be concerned with sb./sth.( (concern oneself with sb./sth.) )与与有关有关concerning prep.关于关于As far as Im concerned，riding bicycles is a good solution.就我而言，骑自行车是一个好的解决办法。就我而言，骑自行车是一个好的解决办法。(江西江西书面表达书面表达)He doesnt concern himself with politics.他不关心政治。他不关心政治。 夯实基础用用concern的适当形式填空的适当形式填空(1) _ the toll-free policy on the express way，what _ us most is the traffic jams while some _ about/for the safety.(2) _ about the student，the teacher called his parents to find out why he was so often absent from class.Concerningconcernsare concernedConcerned9 circumstance n.环境；情况；情形环境；情况；情形应试指导(1)under no circumstances置于句首时倒装置于句首时倒装(2)circumstance作为先行词时定作为先行词时定语从句引导词的考查语从句引导词的考查in/under no circumstances决不决不( (never) )in/under the circumstances在这种情况下；既然这样在这种情况下；既然这样under any circumstances在任何情况下在任何情况下if circumstances allow/permit如果情况允许如果情况允许38The strategy was too dangerous in the explosive circumstances of the times.在当时那种一触即发的形势下，采取那样的策略太危在当时那种一触即发的形势下，采取那样的策略太危险了。险了。I wish we could have met under happier circumstances.我真希望我们是在更愉快的情况下相识的。我真希望我们是在更愉快的情况下相识的。特别提醒抽象地点名词，如：抽象地点名词，如：point，stage，case，situation，condition，position，activity，race，competition，system，job，scene，life，occasion，environment，circumstance等作等作先行词时，用先行词时，用where引导。如：引导。如：He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong.Today，well discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.思考题表达表达“决不决不”的短语还有：的短语还有：_at no time，by no means，on no account，in no way，on no condition，in no case等。等。 夯实基础(1)语法填空语法填空He wrote a letter he explained what had happened in the accident.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment they live.He may win the competition， he is likely to get into the national team.wherewherewhereSales director is a position _ communication ability is just as important as sales skills.Its helpful to put children in a situation _ they can see themselves differently.I have reached a point in my life _ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.wherewherewhere(2)完成句子完成句子Under no circumstances _(你必须离开房子你必须离开房子).You must not mention your colleague _(在任何情况下在任何情况下).Iran and Iraq also have the potential to export more，_(如果情况允许如果情况允许).must you leave the houseunder anycircumstancesif circumstances allow/permit3重点短语突破重点短语突破1 at all costs不管多大代价，无论如何不管多大代价，无论如何(whatever is needed to achieve.)at the cost of丧失，牺牲；以丧失，牺牲；以为代价为代价at a cost of以以的费用的费用/价格价格at any cost以任何代价以任何代价at cost按成本按成本You must stop the press from finding out the truth at all costs.你必须不惜一切代价阻止媒体查明你必须不惜一切代价阻止媒体查明真相。真相。 夯实基础选择方框内的短语填空选择方框内的短语填空at all costs，at the cost of，at cost，at any cost(1)He is determined to win _.(2)She saved him from drowning，but only _ her own life.(3)We want to find a cure _.(4)I can buy books _ from this bookstore.at all costsat the cost ofat any costat cost2 at any rate无论如何；至少；不管怎样无论如何；至少；不管怎样at this rate照这样继续下去照这样继续下去at a rate of以以速度速度They both agree with mewell，at any rate，Maggie does.他们两人都同意我的意见，不管怎样，麦琪是同意的。他们两人都同意我的意见，不管怎样，麦琪是同意的。 夯实基础不管怎样我都要试一试。不管怎样我都要试一试。(一句多译一句多译)(1) _(rate)(2) _(anyhow)(3) _(case)(4) _(event)(5) _(cost)(6) _(means)At any rate I will try.Anyhow I will try.In any case I will try.At any event I will try.At any cost I will try.By any means I will try.494句法与语法突破句法与语法突破句型公式 It isadj./n. for sb.to do.1 It is compulsory for winners to be tested but other participants are only tested at random.获胜者要强获胜者要强制性地进行检查，而其他参与者只是随机地检查制性地进行检查，而其他参与者只是随机地检查。(1)It isadj./n.for sb.to do.结构中，结构中，it为形式主语，真正为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式短语。的主语为后面的不定式短语。(2)It isadj.for sb.to do.中中for前面的形容词是指事物怎前面的形容词是指事物怎么样，如么样，如impossible，important等。等。(3)It isadj.of sb.to do.中中of前面的形容词是指人的性质前面的形容词是指人的性质或特征，如或特征，如nice，kind等。等。Its very kind of you to help me.你能帮助我真是太好了。你能帮助我真是太好了。Its important for you to arrive there on time.重要的是你们能准时到达那儿。重要的是你们能准时到达那儿。52 夯实基础(1)It is necessary that he should be sent there at once._(改为简单句改为简单句)(2)Obviously，we dont want to spend too much money._(改为复合句改为复合句)It is necessary for him to be sent there at once.It is obvious that we dont want to spend too much money. 53句型公式 情态动词情态动词have done2 When he went to the doctor that day，he could not have known what was about to happen to him.那那天当他去看医生时，他不可能知道他要发生什么事天当他去看医生时，他不可能知道他要发生什么事。情态动词情态动词have done表示两个意义：表示两个意义：( (1) )表对过去情况的推测与估计表对过去情况的推测与估计musthave done用于肯定句，意为用于肯定句，意为“准是准是/一定一定( (已经已经) )了了”canhave done用于否定句和疑问句，意为用于否定句和疑问句，意为“不可能不可能/不会不会( (已已经经) )的的”和和“可能可能/也许也许( (已经已经) )了吗了吗”mayhave done用于肯定句和否定句，意为用于肯定句和否定句，意为“可能可能/也许也许( (已已经经) )了了”和和“可能可能/或许还没有或许还没有”( (2) )表示对过去发生之事的后悔、遗憾、责备等情绪，至于表示对过去发生之事的后悔、遗憾、责备等情绪，至于具体表示的意义则由所用的情态动词及其句法结构而定。具体表示的意义则由所用的情态动词及其句法结构而定。should/ought tohave done本来应该本来应该的的( (但却没有但却没有) )couldhave done本来能够本来能够的的mighthave done本可以本可以的的neednthave done本来可以不必本来可以不必的的56You should have finished your homework yesterday.你昨天就该做完作业。你昨天就该做完作业。It must have rained last night.昨晚一定下雨了。昨晚一定下雨了。 夯实基础语法填空语法填空(1)My book，The House of Hades，is missing.Who _ _(take) it?(2)He _(give) you more help，even though he was busy.(3)How could you _(be) so careless？You mistook my clothes for yours.(4)He must _(live) here last year.could have takenmight have givenhave beenhave lived3 单元语法单元语法语法填空语法填空(1)If Mother _ (tell) me the truth when I was young，I would not make such mistakes so often now.(2)You could answer most of the questions now if you _ (review) the lessons last night.had toldhad reviewed(3)If you had studied hard before，you _ (be) a college student now.(4)I didnt hear the phone.I must _ (be) asleep.(5)I could _ (work) out the problem，but I was too nervous.would behave beenhave worked5五年高考五年高考 最新模拟最新模拟.短文改错 (2012新课标全国) I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive.From the time I was about four until I was about six，I destroyed each of my toy.I was happy when the toys worked，but when things did wrong， 高考题组I got angry and broke it.For a while parents bought me new toys.But before long they began to see which was happening.When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train，my father said，“Thats it.No more toys to you.”My punishment lasted a year.Meanwhile，I found out that with more patience I must make my toys to last.My attitude changed from then on.答案63.写作常用句翻译是爱和关心带来了这巨大的变化。(concern)(2011福建书面表达)_It is love and concern that have brought about the great changes. 模拟题组.语法填空1.Chinese customs regulations prohibit _ (take) precious works of art out of China.2.I couldnt _ (enjoy) myself moreit was a perfect day.3.Why are your eyes so red？You _ have slept well last night.Yeah，I stayed up late writing a report.takinghave enjoyedcant4.One of our rules is that every student _ wear school uniform while at school.5.Maybe if I _ (study) science，and not literature then，I would be able to give you more help.6.Its important for the figures _ (update) regularly.7.It is a great honor for me _ (ask) to make a speech here.shallhad studiedto be updatedto be asked8.The first time you take part in a race，_ is very normal to feel tense.9.I have never sought _ (hide) my views.I hope you will not misunderstand me.10.Nearly half in Lebanon agree that _ is acceptable for a woman to appear in public without a headscarf.itto hideit.单句改错1.It was reported that all children had physically and emotionally abused. _2.It is doubtful that he will come here tomorrow. _3.I think it quite privilege to be invited to attend the meeting. _had后加上后加上been thatwhetherquite后加上后加上a或或privilegeprivileged4.They only publish magazines catering the interests of adults. _5.What do you think the underlining word in the sentence means？ _6.I always have faith he will come to our party in person. _7.He made fortune in his business trade. _catering后加上后加上tounderliningunderlinedfaith后加上后加上thatmade后加上后加上a8.The police arrested those who responsible for the murder. _9.No matter how hard the situation is，you should not lose your heart. _10.We walked back to the house with silence. _去掉去掉who或或who后加上后加上were去掉去掉yourwithin.写作句式升级训练With kindness and virtue，the world will become more beautiful. (素材来源于2014广东读写任务)_(用as long as改写为复合句)As long as there is kindness and virtue，the world will become more beautiful.