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专项十一名词性从句专项十一名词性从句 一、名词性从句中what的考查what引导名词性从句时表示“所有的事物、东西，凡是的事物”，充当从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语。请判断黑体what所充当的句子成分 你想用语言所传达的信息可能与他人所理解的恰恰相反。The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of what others actually understand._Part 规律印证 考 点 落 实 ， 步 步 为 “ 赢 ” 边 做 边 悟(2013新课标全国卷) 警察找到的东西似乎是那尊丢失的古代雕像。Police have found what appears to be the lost ancient statue._(2013北京卷) 让这本书如此非凡的是作者创造性的想象力。What makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer._答案what在从句中作宾语 what在从句中作主语 what在从句中作主语 二、名词性从句中that 的考查that引导名词性从句时，没有词义，不作句子的任何成分，只起连接词的作用。(2013山东卷)Its good to know _ the dogs will be well cared for while were away.答案that句意：得知我们离开时狗会得到很好的照顾真高兴。分析句子成分可知，所填词引导宾语从句，而且在从句中不作任何句子成分。 三、名词性从句中whether的考查whether为连词，在从句中不作任何成分，意为“是否”， 表示不肯定，不把握，有疑问等意义。(2013陕西卷)It remains to be seen _ the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice.答案whether句意：这个新形成的委员会的政策能否实施还有待观察。分析句子结构可知，It作形式主语，而真正的主语是后面的从句“ _ the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice”；再根据句意来判断，此处表示“是否”的意思。The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but _ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.答案whether句意：一个人的智力极限，通常来说，出生时就已经定型了，但他是否能够达到这些极限则取决于他的生活环境。根据“depend on”可知，主语从句“ _ he reaches these limits”中含有不确定因素，故用whether。 1what 与 that (1)【误】 All what he did was for you.【正】 What he did was for you.【正】 All that he did was for you.(2)【误】 I was thinking that I could do for you.【正】 I was thinking what I could do for you.解析what 引导名词性从句，what 相当于 the thing that/the.that/all that 等，具体的意义要根据上下文确定。在名词性从句中，what 既有意义，又在从句中作一定的成分，而 that 无意义，且在从句中不作成分。考 点 警 示 2who 与 whoever 【误】 Who is the first to come will get a gift.【正】 Whoever is the first to come will get a gift.【正】 Anyone who is the first to come will get a gift.解析whoever 引导名词性从句，意为“无论谁”，相当于 anyone who；而 who 意为“谁”。 3whether 与 if (1)【误】 They dont know if to go there.【正】 They dont know whether to go there.(2)【误】 It depends on if we have enough time.【正】 It depends on whether we have enough time.解析与 to do 不定式连用或作介词宾语时，连接词一般用 whether，不用 if。 4whoever 与 whomever 【误】 Please give the book to whomever needs it most.【正】 Please give the book to whoever needs it most.解析此处，whoever 在从句中作主语，因此不能用 whoever。名词性从句引导词的选择要注意其意义及它在从句中所作的成分。 5【误】 He will win the match is certain.【正】 That he will win the match is certain.【正】 It is certain that he will win the match.解析that 位于句首引导主语从句时，不能省略。 6【误】 What we bought was some bananas.【正】 What we bought were some bananas.解析what 引导的从句作主语时，若表示复数概念，谓语动词则用复数形式。 7名词性从句的语序 【误】 So now you know what should you do.【正】 So now you know what you should do.解析名词性从句应用陈述语序。 8【误】 Theres a fact that English is being accepted as an important language.【正】 Its a fact that English is being accepted as an important language.解析It is a fact that.句型中，it 为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的that 从句。it 不能换成 there。 9【误】 He is late.Thats why he got up late this morning. 【正】 He is late.Thats because he got up late this morning.解析Thats why.的原因 Thats because.那是因为。此处起床晚是迟到的原因，故用 Thats because. 一、名词性从句中what 与 that 的比较that引导名词性从句时，在从句中不充当任何成分，也没有任何含义；what引导名词性从句时，在从句中要充当一定的句子成分。(2013四川卷) _ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.答案What句意：你在会上所说的话描述了公司的光明前景。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作宾语，故用what。易 错 防 范It suddenly occurred to him _ he had left his keys in the office.答案thatIt occurs/occurred to sb that.是固定句型，表示“某人突然想起”。it是形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语。 二、名词性从句中whether 与 if 的比较whether 和 if 在宾语从句中可以倒换，但介词后一般用 whether，在其他情况下用 whether 而不用if。试比较：I wonder _ you would like to join us in the outing this weekend.I have no idea _ he will come to help us. _ you can come or not makes a difference.It doesnt matter _ you turn right or left at the crossingboth roads lead to the park.答案whether/if whether Whether whether 三、名词性从句中whichever与whoever及whatever的比较whoever与whatever表泛指，意为“无论谁”，“无论什么”；whichever表示在特定范围内选择，意为“无论的哪一个、哪一些”。We have plenty of books.You may take _ you like.Its generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants._ of them gains the most points wins the competition._ leaves the room last should close the door.答案whicheverwhateverWhichever Whoever 四、名词性从句中who与whoever的比较who在名词性从句中表示“谁”；whoever相当于anyone who或those who。 _ breaks the law should be punished. _ broke the glass is still unknown. 我们承诺给参加聚会的人一个同电影明星照相的机会。We promise _ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.答案Whoever Whowhoever 五、名词性从句中why与because的比较why引导名词性从句时意思是“为什么”，可在从句中作主、宾、表、同位语从句；because意思是“因为”，只引导表语从句。He was late.Thats _ he was stuck in the traffic jam.He was stuck in the traffic jam.Thats _ he was late.(2013安徽卷)From space, the earth looks blue.This is _ about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.答案because whybecause
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