中考英语总复习 第40讲 阅读理解（一）课件 人教新目标版

阅读理解阅读理解( (一一) ) 第四十讲 阅读理解。(2014，黄石) Soap operas from South Korea have been popular in China for more than twenty years now.So it is not the first time for the soap operas made in China to feel less popular.But this time，they are facing more difficulties，for The Heirs (继承者) and My Love from the Star really made a full success，which even attracted some top officials. A senior official said he sometimes watched soap operas from South Korea，as well as House of Cards，an American opera about politics.These operas made both in South Korea and in America have a lot of lovers in China. Many people agree that Chinas soap operas cant be much loved by most Chinese，because they are not as interesting and exciting as those operas from South Korea and America，such as My Love from the Star，a Korean love story between a timetraveling professor and a famous movie star. However，Korean shows not only provide soap operas but also some programmings (综艺节目)Dad，Where Are We Going? is not an original Chinese show.We learned it from South Korea although not many in China are aware (意识到) of that fact. Actually，China has a closer culture with South Korea.Shows from this neighbor seem to do better with their exciting stories on the Cinderella theme (灰姑娘主题)Yet they have created many popular shows whose stories tell theres no difference between men and women even though in their country men are certain to play_a_more_important_role 1When might soap operas from South Korea become popular in China？_ A1991. B1971. C2010. D2001. 2Most people in China like watching shows made in _ AEurope BChina CSouth Korea DJapanAC 3The operas made in China are not as popular as those in South Korea or America，because _ Asenior officials dont allow us to watch them Bthey are not very interesting and exciting CChinese people are more interested in politics Dthey were only made twenty years agoB4According to the passage，we can know Dad，Where Are We Going? is _Amore popular than My Love From the StarBloved by a lot of KoreansCabout the love between a professor and a starDoriginally from South KoreaD5What does the underlined phrase “play a more important role” mean？_ATheres no difference between women and men.BMen like soap operas better than women.CWomen dont like the parts played by men.DMen are believed to support the families and society more.D 中考英语“阅读理解”题主要是考查考生综合运用所学语言知识的能力。很多同学在做题时常常有一种“读得懂做不对”的感觉。那么有必要对阅读理解这种题型及其解题技巧作一些简要的分析。 从近几年的中考阅读理解情况看，短文体裁多样，题材各异，文章涉及科学知识、社会文化、政治历史、人文环境和日常生活等方面，充分体现其时代性、实用性。短文难度逐年加大。常见题型有主旨题、细节题、推断题、猜测词义题和判断正误题。做阅读理解练习应先看问题，弄清考点。在阅读短文之前，快速浏览问题，以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数，快速、准确地捕捉所需信息。其次要注意先易后难。做题时不必拘泥于书中所呈现的语篇顺序，应遵循先易后难的原则。如可先做细节题再做推断题，因为细节题大多能直接从文中找到答案，而推断题则需对短文进行深层理解，再作判断。(一)主旨概括题主旨题主要考查学生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握。做此类题时，应通读全文，理解文章大意，充分理解主题句的意义。短文往往围绕主题句展开，主题句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句。(二)细节理解题细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。做此类题时，应快速捕捉信息，可能是一些事例、数字等，阅读时要有针对性。 【例1】(2013，温州) It has been more than two thousand years since we began to use an umbrella on rainy days.However，people often felt it not convenient to hold an umbrella while working.Then the rubber raincoat was invented by an Englishman named Macintosh in 1823. In 1492，Columbus，a wellknown Italian voyager，discovered the New Worldthe Americas.He brought a lot of things to Europe from South America.Rubber was one of them，but people didnt know the use of rubber at that time.In 1770，people found that the rubber could be used as erasers. Macintosh was a worker in an eraser factory in Scotland.One day he spilled (洒出) the rubber liquid over his clothes carelessly when making erasers.He was too busy to clean it and went back home wearing the dirty clothes.On the way home，it rained heavily.Having no umbrella，Macintosh had to run home quickly.When he got home，he took off the wet clothes.To his surprise，the area of the clothes with rubber wasnt wet.“Why not make a rubber raincoat？” Macintosh thought.The next day he brushed the rubber liquid all over a coat.He wore the“rubber coat” on rainy days and took a walk in the field to test if it could really keep off the rain.Surprisingly，the clothes inside the “rubber coat”werent wet at all.The rubber raincoat was created in this way by chance.The rubber raincoats soon appeared on the market.However，they were sticky (黏的) in summer and hardened in winter.Year after year，people kept on improving the raincoats.Today raincoats are widely used in our daily life.1The rubber raincoat was invented by _.Aa Chinese Ban ItalianCan Englishman Dan American解析：细节理解题。由第一段的最后一句.was invented by an Englishman.可知，雨衣是由英国人发明的。答案：_C2What did Columbus bring to Europe in 1492?ARubber. BUmbrellas.CErasers. DRaincoats.解析：细节理解题。由第二段的第二、三句“He brought a lot of things.Rubber was one of them.”可知，Columbus把橡胶带到了欧洲。答案：_A 3Why did Macintosh wear the “rubber coat”on rainy days? ATo show his nice “rubber coat” BTo sell it to a farmer. CTo test if it could keep off the rain. DTo go to work in the field. 解析：细节理解题。由第三段倒数第三句“.took a walk in the field to test if it could really keep off the rain.”可知，他在雨天穿橡胶外套是为了测试它是否真的能够挡雨。 答案：_ C 4Which of the following is TRUE? AMacintosh worked in a market in the Scotland. BThe rubber raincoat was created by chance. CThe first rubber raincoat was sticky in the winter. DThe umbrella was invented after the rubber raincoat. 解析：细节理解题。由第三段最后一句.was created in this way by chance.可知，雨衣是被偶然发明的。 答案：_B (2014，宜宾) Moms take care of their children life and dads bring home food and make the family rules.These are the roles moms and dads fall into when they become parents and its common among all cultures.But times change and parents roles seem to be changing，too.More women are bringing home food by having fulltime jobs and men are taking care of their children at home. Chinese TV show Where Are W s in modern family life.The show follows the adventures (冒险经历) of five celebrity (明星) dads who take trips with their young children (aged 4 to 6) and try to complete a set of tasks.It shows how young dads are trying hard to find the best way to raise their children and keep a closer relationship with them.Young dads no longer want to be cold. Psychologists (心理学家) say that a strong fatherly influence is important in a childs development.Fathers teach their children skills and encourage them to try new things.They also give them a sense of safety.A child learns that if something goes wrong，he or she can depe to help fix it.The psychologists also say that without a dad，a child is more possible to drop out of school and get into trouble. A mothers love is important，and so is a fathers love.Chen Mo，a psychology professor says，“It takes both parents to raise a child.Children have different needs at different ages and this needs to be considered by both parents.” 1What are the common roles of moms and dads in all cultures？_ AMoms take care of their children and dads bring home food and make the family rules. BMoms bring home food by having fulltime jobs and dads take care of their children at home. CBoth parents take care of their children at home. DBoth parents go out to work，while grandparents take care of their children at home. A 2What are the young dads trying to do in the show？_ AThey are trying hard to find the best way to raise their children and keep a closer relationship with them. BThey are trying to complete a set of tasks with their kids.They are also trying hard to find the best way to raise their children and keep a closer relationship with them. CThey are trying to make more money. DThey are trying to be cold to their kids.B 3Why is a strong fatherly influence important in a childs development？_ AFathers teach their children skills and encourage them to try new things.They also give them a sense of safety. BIf something goes wrong，a child can depend on dad to help fix it. CWith a dad，a child can do better in school work. DWithout a dad，a child is more possible to drop out of school and get into trouble.A 4What is a child more possible to do without a dad？_ AStay out late. BGet into trouble and do badly in school work. CDrop out of school. DDrop out of school and get into trouble.D 5Why does it take both parents to raise a child？_ AA child feels safer with both parents. BA child feels happier with both parents. CBoth parents need to consider that children have different needs at different ages. DIt is both the fathers and the mothers duty to raise a child.C (一)(2014，成都) Mr.Smith is telling two funny stories of his police work. Story A I remember catching a “thief ” in a clothes shop once.It was strange.The man was hiding a yellow sweater inside his coat.I thought he had stolen it，so I caught him.We found later that his wife gave him the sweater for his birthday，but he hated it.He just wanted to return it to the shop for money，but he didnt want his wife to see him! We soon let him go. Story B Another day，a man called Bob went into a bank on Sixth Street.He wrote on the back of an envelope，“Give me the money！Or Ill kill you.”And gave it to the bank clerk.She gave him $100，000 and the man ran away.Then we received a phone call from the bank clerk.She told us to go to the mans house in Candy Town and get him.We caught him as soon as he got out of the elevator.He couldnt believe that we found him so quickly.We told him that the front of the envelope he used had his name and address on it! 1What does Mr.Smith do？_ AA bank clerk. BA policeman. CA thief. 2Mr.Smith caught the man in the clothes shop _ Aby exchange Bby mistake Cby accident 3Why did the man return the sweater to the shop？_ ABecause he didnt want his wife to see it. BBecause he liked money more than the sweater. CBecause he hated it and wanted to get the money back.BBC 4Bob was caught so quickly because _ Ahis address was found on the envelope he used Bhe received a phone call from the bank clerk Cthe police waited for him outside the elevator 5What do you think of Bob？_ AHe is brave. BHe is careful. CHe is careless.AC (二)(2014，重庆) A big umbrella Nancy：I saw seven girls in one umbrella and none of them got wet. Taney：Oh，that must be a very big umbrella. Nancy：No，it wasnt raining. A good boy Little Robert asked his mother for two cents(美分) “What did you do with the money I gave you yesterday？” “I gave it to a poor old woman，” he answered. “Youre a good boy，” said the mother proudly.“Here are two more cents.But why are you so interested in the old woman？” “She is the one who sells candies.” Break a mirror “What are you so happy about，Jason？” Lisa asked the 98yearold man. “I broke a mirror，” he replied. “But that means seven years of bad luck.” “I know，” he said happily.“Isnt it wonderful? I can live for another seven years.” 6The three passages above are all _ Ajokes Bnotices Cnews DlettersA 7The seven girls didnt get wet because _ Athe umbrella was big enough Bthe seven girls wore raincoats Cit wasnt raining at all Dit wasnt a heavy rain 8Little Robert spent the money _ Ahelping the poor old lady Bbuying candies for himself Chelping his mom Dbuying gifts for his mom 9_ broke the mirror. ANancy BLisa CRobert DJasonCBD (三)(2014，安徽) Tony Wheeler was born to travel.His father worked for an airline.For the first 16 years of his life，Wheeler and his family lived in many different countries. In the early 1970s，Tony met a young woman named Maureen.They soon married.Before getting jobs，Tony and Maureen wanted to travel.They took a yearlong trip from England，through Asia，to Australia.On the trip，they visited places like Iran (伊朗)，India，and so on. When Tony and Maureen arrived in Australia，people asked many questions about their trip.To answer these questions，Wheeler wrote a book called Across Asia on the Cheap.The book told people about different countries weather，customs (风俗)，and places to see.But unlike other travel books then，Tony Wheelers book also talked about places most tourists did not go.He also wrote about unusual things to see and do.The book was very popular. Tony and Maureen started a company called Lonely Planet.They continued travelling.They wrote books for each place they visited.Today，800 people work for Lonely Planet.The company has over 650 books.Tony Wheeler，the great traveller，still writes about travels to many places and will bring us more surprises. 10Tony Wheeler and his wife ended the yearlong trip in _ AEngland BIran CIndia DAustralia 11Tony Wheeler wrote the book Across Asia on the Cheap to _ Amake money for his next trip Btell people about his new company Cdraw peoples attention to his family Danswer peoples questions about his tripDD 12How was the book Across Asia on the Cheap different from other travel books then？_ AIt was longer and more popular. BIt was the first travel book in the world. CIt talked about places most tourists did not go. DIt talked about a countrys weather and customs. 13Which of the following is TRUE about Tony Wheelers company？_ AHis father started it. BIt is an airline company. CHundreds of people work for it. DIt has no books about travelling.CC 14The passage mainly talks about _ Aa great traveller and his books Ba tour of different countries Ca great writer and his family Ddifferent kinds of companiesA (四)(2014，咸宁) 17yearold Tibetan boy climbs 40 meters up a tall tree only to get some honey as an ingredient for a traditional local drink.The money he makes from selling the honey will be used to pay for his younger brothers tuition fee (学费) This is only a scene from the first episode (集) of CCTVs new documentary，A Bite of China 2，which appeared on April 18，2014.But they are enough reasons for viewers to spend an hour every Friday until June 6 enjoying in front of their television sets.Viewers have had to wait a long time since A Bite of China first came out in 2012. Back then，the sevenepisode documentary was considered the best one ever produced by CCTV，with its good effects and rich food culture.A famous foreigner praised it，saying “its the best TV show Ive ever seen about food.Im sure its the best one ever made.” The new season includes eight episodes，covering 300 types of food.According to CCTV，every minute of the show was edited (编辑) out of 150 minutes of footage (影像镜头)Finding their subjects was often the hardest part of the film teams job.It took them six months to film a beekeeping couple，which included a journey of more than 2，000 kilometers. Food is a personal thing，in that no dish suits all tastes.However，the program has still managed to move all sorts of viewers. “Compared with A Bite of China，the new season has a more human touch，which makes viewers cover some tears while their mouths are watering，” said Sina Entertainment. As always，the people are the most interesting part.A Bite of China 2 shows a greater dreamthrough homemade food，it tells the joys and sorrows of common Chinese in changing times，according to director Chen Xiaoqing of the documentary series.“I was moved by the people in each simple story，” said Li Weifang，17，of Beijing No.3 High School.“Their work helps enrich (丰富) Chinas food culture.” In fact，that is exactly what the new season hopes to deliver.Through the program，“the listeners will see the characteristics of the Chinese people：save and tenacity (坚韧)，” Chen told Xinhua. 15When did A Bite of China 2 appear on CCTV？_ AFrom 2012. BFrom April 18，2014. CUntil June 8，2014. DEvery Friday through the coming year. 16How is A Bite of China 2 different from its first season？_ AIt took a longer time to film it. BIt introduces more food types. CIt has more human stories about food. DIt attracts more viewers around the world.BC 17What was the most difficult part of filming the documentary？_ AFinding the right subjects. BCreating the good effects. CFilming in hard environments. DEditing so much footage. 18What does the underlined word “sorrows” mean in Chinese？_ A故事 B伤害 C快乐 D悲伤AD 19Which of the following is NOT TRUE？_ AA Bite of China tells Chinas food culture. BA Bite of China tells the joys and sorrows of Chinese in changing times. CThe new season includes seven episodes，covering 300 types of food. DSometimes we could watch A Bite of China for an hour on Friday on CCTV.C (五)(2014，黄冈) A recent research shows that physical activity (体育活动) may help students do better in their classes.The research comes because educators in some countries are reducing time for activities like PE.class. Researchers go over the results of fourteen studies.Twelve were from the United States，one from Canada and one from South Africa.The studies appeared between 2009 and 2013.They included more than 55，000 children，aged six to eighteen. Thomas Singh，one of the researchers，says the studies showed a relationship between physical activity and scores on subjects such as math，English and reading.Ms.Singh offers some possible explanations (解释)：“There are，first，physiological (生理的) explanations，like more blood flow，and so more oxygen (氧气) to the brain.Being physically active means there are more hormones (荷尔蒙) produced like endorphins (脑内啡)And endorphins make your stress level lower and your mood improved，which means you will perform better in class.Also，students who take part in organized sports learn rules and how to follow them.This could improve their classroom behavior and help them know what they should do.” All in all，the finding tells us that physically active kids are more likely to do better in school.Ms.Singh says schools should consider the finding before they cut physical education programs. 20What led the researchers to do the studies？_ ASchools cutting physical activity. BTheir interest in physical activity. CThe tests including about 55，000 children. DKids unsatisfying schooling performance.A 21. How many countries took part in the studies？_ A14. B12. C2. D3. 22Which of the following is NOT one of the advantages of physical activity according to th passage？_ AGetting more blood flow. BBetter classroom behavior. CFeeling relaxed and refreshed. DGreater ability to organize activities.DC