(湖南省专用)版高考英语二轮 三轮复习 模块2 完形填空第一节课件 新人教版

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模块模块 2 2完形填空第一节完形填空第一节 考纲解读模块模块 2 2 考纲解读考纲解读 完形填空是一种综合测试,涉及的知识面很广,是用完形填空是一种综合测试,涉及的知识面很广,是用来测试考生的阅读理解能力和综合应用语言的能力。湖南来测试考生的阅读理解能力和综合应用语言的能力。湖南高考英语完形填空题遵循了高考英语完形填空题遵循了“突出语篇,强调应用,注重突出语篇,强调应用,注重实际实际”的设题思路,遵循了的设题思路,遵循了“以实词为主,虚词为辅,突以实词为主,虚词为辅,突出词汇语境化出词汇语境化”的命题原则。注重考查考生在阅读理解的的命题原则。注重考查考生在阅读理解的基础上对英语语言综合运用能力和对英语基础知识确切掌基础上对英语语言综合运用能力和对英语基础知识确切掌握水平,注重文章内容的生活化,语言的交际性;旨在检握水平,注重文章内容的生活化,语言的交际性;旨在检测考生在语篇中灵活运用语言知识的能力;要求考生通读测考生在语篇中灵活运用语言知识的能力;要求考生通读全文,掌握文章大意,运用词汇、语法等知识,选择最佳全文,掌握文章大意,运用词汇、语法等知识,选择最佳选项,使文章意思畅通,结构完整。选项,使文章意思畅通,结构完整。命题分析模块模块 2 2 命题分析命题分析 在选材上主要以记叙文、夹叙夹议型的文章为主,伴之在选材上主要以记叙文、夹叙夹议型的文章为主,伴之以说明文和议论文。所选材料源于生活,时代感强,语言以说明文和议论文。所选材料源于生活,时代感强,语言地道,内容健康,情节丰富,寓意深刻,常涉及人物的心地道,内容健康,情节丰富,寓意深刻,常涉及人物的心理活动描写,集知识、文化、教育和娱乐为一体,具有极理活动描写,集知识、文化、教育和娱乐为一体,具有极强的可读性。词数大多在强的可读性。词数大多在260340260340,难度低于与阅读理解,难度低于与阅读理解部分的文段。其具体的特点有:部分的文段。其具体的特点有:模块模块 2 2 命题分析命题分析 1 1情节完整,语境性强情节完整,语境性强 尽管文章有意挖去了一些词或短语,使信息链中断,尽管文章有意挖去了一些词或短语,使信息链中断,造成间隔性的语义空白,但仍不失为一篇表达完整的文造成间隔性的语义空白,但仍不失为一篇表达完整的文章。完形填空题一般为记叙文、说明文和记叙加议论的章。完形填空题一般为记叙文、说明文和记叙加议论的文章。记叙文具有很强的故事性,故事情节涉及时间、文章。记叙文具有很强的故事性,故事情节涉及时间、地点、人物、过程、结局等基本要素。说明文一般开篇地点、人物、过程、结局等基本要素。说明文一般开篇点题,段落之间承上启下,过渡自然连贯。无论哪种体点题,段落之间承上启下,过渡自然连贯。无论哪种体裁,都提供完整的语篇信息。裁,都提供完整的语篇信息。模块模块 2 2 命题分析命题分析 此外,此外,“词不离句,句不离文词不离句,句不离文”是完形填空最突出的是完形填空最突出的一个特点。很多时候,所给的四个选项从语法角度来看一个特点。很多时候,所给的四个选项从语法角度来看都正确,或者没有明显的语法错误,但单独从此空所在都正确,或者没有明显的语法错误,但单独从此空所在的句子很难作出判断。题目的设置绝大多数是就近暗示,的句子很难作出判断。题目的设置绝大多数是就近暗示,如关键词、短语、甚至是标点符号,都有可能是答题的如关键词、短语、甚至是标点符号,都有可能是答题的突破口。如突破口。如 and, or, however, but and, or, however, but 等前后连接成分的等前后连接成分的同义或反义关系;同义或反义关系; that is, in other words that is, in other words 等的解释等的解释说明作用;还有的以句子形式出现,通过上下句的对照说明作用;还有的以句子形式出现,通过上下句的对照可找到答案。可找到答案。模块模块 2 2 命题分析命题分析 2 2以意义填空为主以意义填空为主 试题在着重考查学生阅读理解能力的前提下,兼顾试题在着重考查学生阅读理解能力的前提下,兼顾对语言知识、常识、逻辑推理能力的考查。所设选项符对语言知识、常识、逻辑推理能力的考查。所设选项符合语言规范,且词类相同。选项一般为同一词类或同一合语言规范,且词类相同。选项一般为同一词类或同一范畴。实词范畴。实词( (动词、名词、形容词或副词等动词、名词、形容词或副词等) )为主,虚词为主,虚词( (介词、连词、冠词等介词、连词、冠词等) )为辅,体现了在语境中考查英语为辅,体现了在语境中考查英语运用能力这一思路。运用能力这一思路。模块模块 2 2 命题分析命题分析 3 3逻辑推理性强逻辑推理性强 近年来,完形填空越来越侧重考查学生根据上下文近年来,完形填空越来越侧重考查学生根据上下文所提供的信息进行语言逻辑推理判断的能力。因此,题所提供的信息进行语言逻辑推理判断的能力。因此,题目的设置有朝深层结构或语境化方向发展的趋势。每个目的设置有朝深层结构或语境化方向发展的趋势。每个题目所提供的四个选项中只有一个是目标项,其他均为题目所提供的四个选项中只有一个是目标项,其他均为干扰项。这要求学生不仅要捕捉上下文乃至全文的信息,干扰项。这要求学生不仅要捕捉上下文乃至全文的信息,而且要按照事物的发展规律、前因后果等进行综合分析而且要按照事物的发展规律、前因后果等进行综合分析判断,推断正确的选项。判断,推断正确的选项。模块模块 2 2 命题分析命题分析 4 4融入常识背景考查融入常识背景考查 还有些题目的设置无论从词汇、语法、惯用法还是还有些题目的设置无论从词汇、语法、惯用法还是语境方面都可行,这种情况下,就需要学生借助于常识语境方面都可行,这种情况下,就需要学生借助于常识或某些背景知识来解决问题。我们不仅要熟练掌握所学或某些背景知识来解决问题。我们不仅要熟练掌握所学知识,具有一定的边缘学科知识,还要了解英语文化和知识,具有一定的边缘学科知识,还要了解英语文化和风俗习惯等,养成跨文化思维意识。风俗习惯等,养成跨文化思维意识。 应试点睛模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 一、唱好三部曲,挑战零失误一、唱好三部曲,挑战零失误 1 1速读全文,掌握大意速读全文,掌握大意 理解全文是高分突破完形填空的基础。速读全文要一理解全文是高分突破完形填空的基础。速读全文要一气呵成,尽管有空格、生词或不明白的地方,仍要快速读气呵成,尽管有空格、生词或不明白的地方,仍要快速读下去。读时要注意找出关键词、中心词,画出某些代表人下去。读时要注意找出关键词、中心词,画出某些代表人物和情节的词,以便于形成思路。一定不能在未掌握大意物和情节的词,以便于形成思路。一定不能在未掌握大意的基础上,边阅读,边做题,否则,就会事倍功半。的基础上,边阅读,边做题,否则,就会事倍功半。模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 2 2瞻前顾后,先易后难瞻前顾后,先易后难 先读所填词的句子,回顾上一句,兼顾下一句。如果先读所填词的句子,回顾上一句,兼顾下一句。如果一句中有两个空格,在初定答案时要一句中有两个空格,在初定答案时要“双管齐下双管齐下”,在两,在两处同时试填,然后通读全句,确定答案。遇到少数没有把处同时试填,然后通读全句,确定答案。遇到少数没有把握的选项时,可暂时跳过空格,顺着原来的思路继续进行,握的选项时,可暂时跳过空格,顺着原来的思路继续进行,等到大部分答案选出后,借助已经补全的信息,进一步加等到大部分答案选出后,借助已经补全的信息,进一步加深对文章的理解,再回过头来推敲剩余的选项,就会有柳深对文章的理解,再回过头来推敲剩余的选项,就会有柳暗花明的感觉。暗花明的感觉。模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 3 3通读全文,调整答案通读全文,调整答案 最后,把填好的短文通读一遍,进行核查,看看所选最后,把填好的短文通读一遍,进行核查,看看所选的答案是否能使上下文的答案是否能使上下文( (段与段、句与句之间的衔接段与段、句与句之间的衔接) )连贯,连贯,是否合乎逻辑,同时还要从语法、词汇、惯用法、常识甚是否合乎逻辑,同时还要从语法、词汇、惯用法、常识甚至是语感等方面考虑验证,特别要对第一次没有把握的选至是语感等方面考虑验证,特别要对第一次没有把握的选项进行推敲,以便准确敲定答案。项进行推敲,以便准确敲定答案。模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 二、活用技巧,胜券在握二、活用技巧,胜券在握 1 1重视首句暗示,进行猜测性推理判断重视首句暗示,进行猜测性推理判断 完形填空题首句不设空,往往是全文的关键句,或者完形填空题首句不设空,往往是全文的关键句,或者称为主导句,因此,在做题时,我们要充分利用完形填空称为主导句,因此,在做题时,我们要充分利用完形填空题首句的提示作用,利用它为解题找到一个突破口,从而题首句的提示作用,利用它为解题找到一个突破口,从而展开思维。展开思维。 模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 【典例典例】 20102010广东广东 Every country has its own Every country has its own culture.culture. Even though each country uses doors, doors may Even though each country uses doors, doors may have _have _1 1_(practical) functions and purposes which _(practical) functions and purposes which lead to _lead to _2 2_ differences. _ differences. ( ()2.A. national)2.A. nationalB Bembarrassingembarrassing C Ccultural Dcultural Damazingamazing 【解析解析】 C C文章开篇点题,从开头总括句文章开篇点题,从开头总括句“Every Every country has its own culture.”country has its own culture.”可以看出,下面所举的可以看出,下面所举的例子是为证明这一主题句,由此可以轻松确定答案。例子是为证明这一主题句,由此可以轻松确定答案。模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 2 2熟悉语境分析,从上下文寻找线索熟悉语境分析,从上下文寻找线索 通读全文,理顺大意,根据上下文找出信息词是做好通读全文,理顺大意,根据上下文找出信息词是做好完形填空题的关键。近年高考试题逐渐摈弃单纯的语言分完形填空题的关键。近年高考试题逐渐摈弃单纯的语言分析考查,而越来越侧重逻辑推理判断。词语在特定的语境析考查,而越来越侧重逻辑推理判断。词语在特定的语境中所表达的隐含信息大都无法只凭字面或单从个别句子甚中所表达的隐含信息大都无法只凭字面或单从个别句子甚至若干句子的表面理解获知。因此,只有借助于上下文乃至若干句子的表面理解获知。因此,只有借助于上下文乃至全文语境的启示或限定才能够准确作出判断。至全文语境的启示或限定才能够准确作出判断。模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 【典例典例1 1】 20102010湖南湖南 Beans, and I walk the Beans, and I walk the trail frequently. Normally, Beans sniffs alongside the trail frequently. Normally, Beans sniffs alongside the trail to follow the smell of a deer track or _trail to follow the smell of a deer track or _1 1_ _ some cause known only to him.some cause known only to him. Since our adventure, I _ Since our adventure, I _2 2_(concluded) that Beans _(concluded) that Beans probably knew all along how to get home. He was just probably knew all along how to get home. He was just having too much fun exploring new trails.having too much fun exploring new trails.( ()1.A. imagine B)1.A. imagine Bconsiderconsider C Cexplore Dexplore Dpresentpresent 【解析解析】 C C根据全文最后一句根据全文最后一句 “ “He was just having He was just having too much fun exploring new trails.”too much fun exploring new trails.”可判断选可判断选C C。模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 【典例典例2 2】 20092009上海上海 Write down all the Write down all the ideas/words _ideas/words _1 1_(associated) with candles: light, _(associated) with candles: light, fire, matches, wax, night, silence, etc. Think of fire, matches, wax, night, silence, etc. Think of as many as you can. The next stage is to relate the as many as you can. The next stage is to relate the _2 2_ to the job you have to do._ to the job you have to do.( ()2.A. ideas B)2.A. ideas Bambitionsambitions C Cachievement Dachievement Dtechniquetechnique 【解析解析】 A A利用词汇复现,轻松选择判断。与上文的利用词汇复现,轻松选择判断。与上文的ideasideas一致,指的是把理念和要做的事情联系到一起。一致,指的是把理念和要做的事情联系到一起。模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 3 3利用语法分析,搞定语法题目利用语法分析,搞定语法题目 完形填空中经常出现一些复杂的句式,给做题带来完形填空中经常出现一些复杂的句式,给做题带来一些困难。虽然语法不再是考查的重点,而且一再被淡一些困难。虽然语法不再是考查的重点,而且一再被淡化,但偶尔还有语法分析题出现。此外,扎实的语法基化,但偶尔还有语法分析题出现。此外,扎实的语法基础,较强的句子分析能力仍不失为做题的一件法宝。础,较强的句子分析能力仍不失为做题的一件法宝。模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 【典例典例1 1】 20102010天津天津 Deeply touched by the Deeply touched by the boys words, Moody decided to create a boys words, Moody decided to create a foundation(foundation(基金会基金会)that _)that _1 1_(introduces) teenagers _(introduces) teenagers to the basics of fishing in camping programs. “As to the basics of fishing in camping programs. “As a policeman, I saw _a policeman, I saw _2 2_ there was violence, drugs _ there was violence, drugs were always behind it. They have a damaging were always behind it. They have a damaging _3 3_(impact) on the kids_(impact) on the kids,” ” says Moody.says Moody.( ()2.A. where B)2.A. where Bunlessunless C Cas Das Dwhetherwhether 【解析解析】 A A本题考查本题考查wherewhere引导地点状语从句。本句引导地点状语从句。本句意为意为“在有暴力的地方,其后也总有毒品在有暴力的地方,其后也总有毒品”。 模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 【典例典例2 2】 20102010重庆重庆 Now, _ Now, _1 1_ the book _ the book has been published, I have been given the chance. has been published, I have been given the chance. Every chapter in the book is a letter to Sam: some Every chapter in the book is a letter to Sam: some about my life, and all about what it means to be a about my life, and all about what it means to be a _2 2_(man)_(man)( ()1.A. as B)1.A. as Bonceonce C Cthough Dthough Difif 【解析解析】 A Aasas引导原因状语从句。句意:因为这本引导原因状语从句。句意:因为这本书出版了,所以我有机会让书出版了,所以我有机会让SamSam看到我所有想说的话。看到我所有想说的话。 模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 4 4运用背景和生活常识,简化分析过程运用背景和生活常识,简化分析过程 完形填空题所选的文章多是具有一定故事情节和教育完形填空题所选的文章多是具有一定故事情节和教育意义的记叙文或叙议结合、富有哲理的论说文,这些语篇意义的记叙文或叙议结合、富有哲理的论说文,这些语篇都非常贴近学生生活。做题时,若能积极地调动自己的文都非常贴近学生生活。做题时,若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识,注意中西方文化方面存在的差异,化背景知识和生活常识,注意中西方文化方面存在的差异,将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程,节省宝贵的时间,将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程,节省宝贵的时间,顺理成章地选出正确的选项。顺理成章地选出正确的选项。模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 【典例典例1 1】 20102010湖北湖北 The passengers on the The passengers on the bus watched with sympathy as Susan made her way bus watched with sympathy as Susan made her way carefully up the steps. She paid the driver and carefully up the steps. She paid the driver and then, using her hands to _then, using her hands to _1 1_ the seats, settled _ the seats, settled in one of them.in one of them. It had been a year since Susan became It had been a year since Susan became blind.Asblind.As the result of an accident she was the result of an accident she was suddenly thrown into a world of_suddenly thrown into a world of_2 2_._.( ()1.A. touch B)1.A. touch Bgrabgrab C Ccount Dcount Dfeelfeel( ()2.A. weakness B)2.A. weakness Bsicknesssickness C Cdarkness Ddarkness Dsadnesssadness模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 【解析解析】 1.D 1.D考查常识理解。考生要知道盲人是看考查常识理解。考生要知道盲人是看不见的,所有的动作都是靠摸索的,据此可知应该选择不见的,所有的动作都是靠摸索的,据此可知应该选择“feel”(feel”(摸索,感知摸索,感知) ),而不应该是,而不应该是“有目的有目的”地去地去“touch”(touch”(触碰触碰) )。 2 2C C考查常识理解。盲人陷入到黑暗的世界,这种考查常识理解。盲人陷入到黑暗的世界,这种表达在中文里面我们也使用,所以明显应该是表达在中文里面我们也使用,所以明显应该是“a world a world of darkness”of darkness”。模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 【典例典例2 2】 20102010广东广东 In South Korea, we do In South Korea, we do not need to wait for people to get off. One not need to wait for people to get off. One morning, I hurried to the busmorning, I hurried to the bus,and when the bus and when the bus doors opened, I _tried to get on the school doors opened, I _tried to get on the school bus through the front door.bus through the front door.( ()A. politely B)A. politely Bpatientlypatiently C Cunconsciously Dunconsciously Dslowlyslowly 【解析解析】 C C由上文由上文 “ “In South Korea, we do not In South Korea, we do not need to wait for people to get off” need to wait for people to get off” 可知作者在生可知作者在生活中已经养成了习惯。由生活常识可知,他就无意识地遵活中已经养成了习惯。由生活常识可知,他就无意识地遵循以往的习惯。故选循以往的习惯。故选C C ,意为,意为“无意识地无意识地”。模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 5 5注意英汉语言差异,克服思维定式注意英汉语言差异,克服思维定式 【典例典例】 It started sociallya few calls each It started sociallya few calls each day. It seemed fine, just a quick chat. Gradually day. It seemed fine, just a quick chat. Gradually though, the situation got worse. Soon it was though, the situation got worse. Soon it was _ use, until, finally, addiction. _ use, until, finally, addiction. ( ()A. frequent B)A. frequent Bregularregular C Cunusual Dunusual Dparticularparticular模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 【解析解析】 A A如果仅凭汉语思维如果仅凭汉语思维“经常用经常用”电话,很电话,很容易误选容易误选B B。regularregular虽然也有虽然也有“经常的经常的”的意思,但侧重的意思,但侧重指指“固定的,有规律的固定的,有规律的”,不是一个贬义词。因此,此处,不是一个贬义词。因此,此处表示最后作者打电话上瘾之前,打电话是一种表示最后作者打电话上瘾之前,打电话是一种“频繁的频繁的”行为,含有贬义,因此用行为,含有贬义,因此用“频繁的频繁的”,表示行为,表示行为“过火过火”,答案为答案为A A。模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 6 6巧用排除方法,缩小选择范围巧用排除方法,缩小选择范围 解答完形填空题需要考生进行认真地阅读、理解、推解答完形填空题需要考生进行认真地阅读、理解、推理和判断,需要对四个选项进行仔细地辨别、分析,从而理和判断,需要对四个选项进行仔细地辨别、分析,从而去伪存真。有时我们会遇到这样的情况,对某个题目的正去伪存真。有时我们会遇到这样的情况,对某个题目的正确选项的含义、用法不甚明白,确选项的含义、用法不甚明白, 但发现其他选项有显而但发现其他选项有显而易见的谬误。这时,我们可以尝试着用排除法。所谓排除易见的谬误。这时,我们可以尝试着用排除法。所谓排除法就是将干扰项逐项检查、验证,发现错误的选项立即剔法就是将干扰项逐项检查、验证,发现错误的选项立即剔除。随着选择范围的缩小,选中正确选项的几率逐渐增大。除。随着选择范围的缩小,选中正确选项的几率逐渐增大。排除法如果运用得好,可以大大节省时间和精力。排除法如果运用得好,可以大大节省时间和精力。模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 【典例典例】 20092009重庆重庆 For two days he was For two days he was _1 1_by his mother. As he rested more, his _by his mother. As he rested more, his defense strengthened and I began to feel the defense strengthened and I began to feel the _2 2_ (pressure)_ (pressure)( ()1.A. protected B)1.A. protected Bnursednursed C Cscolded Dscolded Daffectedaffected 【解析解析】 B B可以用排除法来解答此题。前文提到可以用排除法来解答此题。前文提到这个男孩患了感冒,可以判断这个男孩患了感冒,可以判断A A、C C和和D D项都不符合语境项都不符合语境要求,只有要求,只有B B项项( (得到母亲的照顾得到母亲的照顾) )才符合情理。才符合情理。模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 7 7注意熟词新意,轻松化难为易注意熟词新意,轻松化难为易 考试说明考试说明中的词汇表是命题人的主要依据,而这中的词汇表是命题人的主要依据,而这个词汇表只提供了英语单词或短语的拼写形式,未有词性个词汇表只提供了英语单词或短语的拼写形式,未有词性和词义。这就给命题人提供了广阔的活动空间,给他们减和词义。这就给命题人提供了广阔的活动空间,给他们减少了很多限制,但却给考生增加了几倍的难度。因为英语少了很多限制,但却给考生增加了几倍的难度。因为英语中的一词多义多性现象是普遍存在的,熟词僻意现象的增中的一词多义多性现象是普遍存在的,熟词僻意现象的增多,无形中大大增加了试题的难度,这也是考生失分的重多,无形中大大增加了试题的难度,这也是考生失分的重要原因。要原因。 模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 【典例典例1 1】 20102010全国全国 I saw him I saw him _1 1_(looking _(looking at)hisat)his watch and decided, since I watch and decided, since I was_was_2 2_(not)busymy patient didnt _(not)busymy patient didnt _3 3_ at _ at the appointed hourthe appointed hour,I would examine his wound. I would examine his wound. While taking care of his woundWhile taking care of his wound,I asked him if I asked him if he had another doctors appointment.he had another doctors appointment.( ()3.A. turn up B)3.A. turn up Bshow offshow off C Ccome on Dcome on Dgo awaygo away 【解析解析】 A A turn upturn up表示表示“出现出现”的意思。这里要的意思。这里要注意破折号表示解释说明,我不是很忙,因为我的病人在注意破折号表示解释说明,我不是很忙,因为我的病人在appointed hour appointed hour 里面没有出现。里面没有出现。appoint appoint 这个词除了我这个词除了我们所熟悉的意思们所熟悉的意思“任命任命”之外,还有之外,还有“约时间约时间”的意思。的意思。模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 【典例典例2 2】 20092009广东广东 Nobel arranged in his Nobel arranged in his _1 1_ to give the largest part of his money to _ to give the largest part of his money to _2 2_(establish) the Nobel prizes_(establish) the Nobel prizes,which would be which would be awarded to people who madeawarded to people who made Nobel had to die Nobel had to die before he realized whatbefore he realized what( ()1.A. book B)1.A. book Barticlearticle C Cwill Dwill Dcontractcontract 【解析解析】 C C由最后一句由最后一句 Nobel had to die before Nobel had to die before he realizedhe realized可知,是在可知,是在“遗嘱遗嘱(will)”(will)”中作的安排。中作的安排。bookbook书;书;articlearticle文章;文章;contractcontract合同。在此题中合同。在此题中willwill不是不是我们所熟悉的意思我们所熟悉的意思“意志,意志, 决心,决心, 愿望,将要愿望,将要”,而是,而是“遗嘱遗嘱”。模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 8 8重视语篇通读,多角度地逻辑推理重视语篇通读,多角度地逻辑推理 完形填空题的解题过程首先是一个阅读的过程,必须把握作完形填空题的解题过程首先是一个阅读的过程,必须把握作者的思路,通过联想、推测等方法,多换角度去思考问题,使自者的思路,通过联想、推测等方法,多换角度去思考问题,使自己的思维模式与作者的思维模式相吻合。己的思维模式与作者的思维模式相吻合。 My fathers unemployment created many changes in My fathers unemployment created many changes in our lives. For starters, he was home all the timeour lives. For starters, he was home all the time,I I would come home every day to find him at the computer would come home every day to find him at the computer _1 1_ jobs. I began to notice how down he seemed, though _ jobs. I began to notice how down he seemed, though he tried to be _he tried to be _2 2_. For the first time, I saw my dad _. For the first time, I saw my dad as vulnerable. I gave up my_as vulnerable. I gave up my_3 3_, which even though which even though wasnt much, but I felt like the right thing to do. I wasnt much, but I felt like the right thing to do. I also found a also found a parttimeparttime job. job.模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 ( ()1.A. answering for B)1.A. answering for Bwaiting forwaiting for C Csearching for Dsearching for Dhoping for hoping for ( ()2.A. athletic B)2.A. athletic Boptimisticoptimistic C Cauthentic Dauthentic Dbureaucraticbureaucratic ( ()3.A. allowance B)3.A. allowance Bcircumstancecircumstance C Cguidance Dguidance DInsuranceInsurance 【解析解析】 1 1C C考查语境化选词。考查语境化选词。search forsearch for寻找。失业了,所寻找。失业了,所以应该是在找工作。以应该是在找工作。wait for wait for 等候,等待;等候,等待;answer for answer for 对对负责。负责。模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 2 2B B考查语境化选词。前文告诉我们,父亲很失考查语境化选词。前文告诉我们,父亲很失望,连词望,连词thoughthough表示转折,所以应选表示转折,所以应选optimisticoptimistic。句意。句意为:尽管父亲尽量装作很乐观,但是我开始注意到他是为:尽管父亲尽量装作很乐观,但是我开始注意到他是多么的失落。多么的失落。athleticathletic健壮的;健壮的;authenticauthentic真正的;真正的;bureaucraticbureaucratic官僚的。官僚的。 3 3A A考查语境化选词。考查语境化选词。allowance allowance 零用钱。因为零用钱。因为父亲下岗了,所以我就放弃了零花钱,以减轻父亲的负父亲下岗了,所以我就放弃了零花钱,以减轻父亲的负担。担。circumstancecircumstance条件;条件;guidanceguidance指导;指导;insurance insurance 保保险。险。 模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 9 9“冷冷”“”“热热”相济,灵活处理生词和长难句相济,灵活处理生词和长难句 完形填空是一种障碍性的阅读,因此在阅读理解中遇完形填空是一种障碍性的阅读,因此在阅读理解中遇到生词拦路是很正常的,但这无形中造成了考生理解上的到生词拦路是很正常的,但这无形中造成了考生理解上的困难,增加了考生的心理压力。因此,在解答完形填空的困难,增加了考生的心理压力。因此,在解答完形填空的过程中,当我们碰到一些生词时,要有目的的去预测、思过程中,当我们碰到一些生词时,要有目的的去预测、思考和获取信息,并对获得的信息进行推理判断。为了做到考和获取信息,并对获得的信息进行推理判断。为了做到既懂材料,又不至于花费太多的时间,我们对这些拦路虎既懂材料,又不至于花费太多的时间,我们对这些拦路虎需加以正确区分对待:需加以正确区分对待: 模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 (1)(1)对于一些不影响文章理解的无关紧要生词,如一对于一些不影响文章理解的无关紧要生词,如一些地名、人名等,可采取些地名、人名等,可采取“冷处理冷处理”,忽略即可。,忽略即可。 (2) (2)与文章的大意、答案的选择有关系的重要生词,与文章的大意、答案的选择有关系的重要生词,要采取要采取“热处理热处理”,一定要查清楚。具体方法是:根据词,一定要查清楚。具体方法是:根据词语所处的语境或者是构词法结合下文的联系,推测其含义。语所处的语境或者是构词法结合下文的联系,推测其含义。有一些词要学会根据上下文来猜测词义。有一些词要学会根据上下文来猜测词义。模块模块 2 2 应试点睛应试点睛 总之,要提高完形填空的解题水平,考生除必须掌握总之,要提高完形填空的解题水平,考生除必须掌握一定的语法、词汇知识外,还有赖于提高阅读理解能力。一定的语法、词汇知识外,还有赖于提高阅读理解能力。因为只有看懂了短文才能确定正确选项。另外考生还要有因为只有看懂了短文才能确定正确选项。另外考生还要有计划地多做一些完形填空的练习,逐渐增加训练的频度,计划地多做一些完形填空的练习,逐渐增加训练的频度,提高训练的难度,通过训练提高阅读理解能力,做到能根提高训练的难度,通过训练提高阅读理解能力,做到能根据短文所给线索和信息进行分析、推理、归纳、判断,进据短文所给线索和信息进行分析、推理、归纳、判断,进一步提高词语辨析和灵活运用的能力。只有通过平时多读一步提高词语辨析和灵活运用的能力。只有通过平时多读多练,不断拓宽知识面,进一步了解英美风土人情等有关多练,不断拓宽知识面,进一步了解英美风土人情等有关文化背景知识,熟练掌握英语习惯用语的表达等,才能为文化背景知识,熟练掌握英语习惯用语的表达等,才能为正确做完形填空题提供前提保障。正确做完形填空题提供前提保障。题型探究模块模块 2 2 题型探究题型探究 探究点一词汇辨析型探究点一词汇辨析型 词汇是完形填空试题的最大考点,主要凸显实词词义辨词汇是完形填空试题的最大考点,主要凸显实词词义辨析的考查,如名词、形容词、动词、副词等,而且设置的四析的考查,如名词、形容词、动词、副词等,而且设置的四个选项常常是同一词性。如果说语法填空中的词汇辨析题是个选项常常是同一词性。如果说语法填空中的词汇辨析题是仅仅立足于独立的仅仅立足于独立的“语句语句”的考查,那么完形填空中的词汇的考查,那么完形填空中的词汇辨析题则是完全地依托于丰富的辨析题则是完全地依托于丰富的“语篇语篇”的考查。从这个角的考查。从这个角度上讲,完形填空命题的设置其实是语法填空试题的拓展和度上讲,完形填空命题的设置其实是语法填空试题的拓展和升华,因此其难度也可想而知。解题时要注意在特定的语境升华,因此其难度也可想而知。解题时要注意在特定的语境中区分几种实词的语义差别。中区分几种实词的语义差别。 模块模块 2 2 题型探究题型探究 【典例典例】 20102010浙江浙江 Years later, when I stood in the kitchen of Years later, when I stood in the kitchen of my new house, thinking how I wanted to make my my new house, thinking how I wanted to make my _1 1_ Christmas there special and memorable, I _ Christmas there special and memorable, I _2 2_ remembered the womens visit. I decided _ remembered the womens visit. I decided that I wanted to create that same feeling of that I wanted to create that same feeling of _3 3_for as many children as I could possibly _for as many children as I could possibly reach. reach. 模块模块 2 2 题型探究题型探究 So I _So I _4 4_a plan and gathered forty people from my company _a plan and gathered forty people from my company to help. We gathered about 125 orphans (to help. We gathered about 125 orphans (孤儿孤儿) at the Christmas ) at the Christmas party. For every child, we wrapped colorful packages filled with party. For every child, we wrapped colorful packages filled with toys, clothes, and school supplies, _toys, clothes, and school supplies, _5 5_ with a childs name. _ with a childs name. We wanted all of them to know they were_We wanted all of them to know they were_6 6_. Before I called out _. Before I called out their names and handed them their gifts, I _their names and handed them their gifts, I _7 7_ them that they _ them that they couldnt open their presents _couldnt open their presents _8 8_ every child had come forward. _ every child had come forward. Finally the _Finally the _9 9_ they had been waiting for came as I called out, _ they had been waiting for came as I called out, “One, two, three. Open your presents“One, two, three. Open your presents!” ” As the children opened As the children opened their packages, their faces beamed and their bright smiles _their packages, their faces beamed and their bright smiles _1010_ _ up the room. up the room. 模块模块 2 2 题型探究题型探究 ( ()1.A. present B)1.A. present Bfirstfirst C Crecent Drecent Dpreviousprevious ( ()2.A. hardly B)2.A. hardly Binstantlyinstantly C Cregularly Dregularly Doccasionallyoccasionally ( ()3.A. strength B)3.A. strength Bindependenceindependence C Cimportance Dimportance Dsafetysafety ( ()4.A. kept up with B)4.A. kept up with Bcaught up withcaught up with C Ccame up with Dcame up with Dput up withput up with ( ()5.A. none B)5.A. none Bfewfew C Csome Dsome Deach each 模块模块 2 2 题型探究题型探究 ( ()6.A. fine B)6.A. fine Bspecialspecial C Chelpful Dhelpful Dnormal normal ( ()7.A. reminded B)7.A. reminded Bguaranteedguaranteed C Cconvinced Dconvinced Dpromisedpromised ( ()8.A. after B)8.A. after Buntiluntil C Cwhen Dwhen Dsincesince ( ()9.A. chance B)9.A. chance Bgiftgift C Cmoment Dmoment Drewardreward ( ()10.A. lit B)10.A. lit Btooktook C Cburned Dburned Dcheeredcheered模块模块 2 2 题型探究题型探究 【解析解析】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章,主要讲述了本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章,主要讲述了贫穷孩子因圣诞礼物而引发的特殊情感体验,从而关注贫穷孩子因圣诞礼物而引发的特殊情感体验,从而关注弱势群体,歌颂互相关爱的人性之美。本文的命题选项弱势群体,歌颂互相关爱的人性之美。本文的命题选项典型地体现了词汇辨析的特点。典型地体现了词汇辨析的特点。 1 1B B本题考查形容词辨析。联系上下文,提到是本题考查形容词辨析。联系上下文,提到是new housenew house,肯定选择
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