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1. related adj. 和和相关的，有联系的相关的，有联系的（1）relate to 能理解或同情某人能理解或同情某人/某事物某事物Some adults cant relate to children. 有些成年人不理解孩子的想法。关系到，涉及到关系到，涉及到The letter related to the sale of the house. 这封信涉及房子的出售。（2）relateto 向向讲述；把讲述；把和和联系起来联系起来If you relate the results to the cause, you will find things are not that simple.（3）be related to 与与相关相关Wealth is seldom related to happiness. 2. add vt. 补充说；补充，添加补充说；补充，添加区别：区别：add，addto，add to，add up to add表示补充说明。表示补充说明。“At your age you should give all your attention to your studies，”her father added. addto意为：把某事物加在另一事物上。意为：把某事物加在另一事物上。He added some milk to the coffee. add to意为意为“增加了增加了”。He did nothing but add to our trouble. 他什么也没干，只是增加了我们的麻烦。 add up to意为意为“总共达，加起来达到总共达，加起来达到”。The cost of two trips added up to 1000 dollars. 两次旅行的费用总计在1000美元。 3. link vt.& vi. 联系，相关联；连接联系，相关联；连接 The road links all the new towns. be linked to 和和.有关系，和有关系，和有联系的有联系的The person in black is linked to the case.4. make the most of 充分利用充分利用make full use of / make the best ofOne should always make the most of ones opportunity.谁都应该充分利用自己的机会。谁都应该充分利用自己的机会。5. touch touch作名词可表示作名词可表示“接触；触接触；触”。I felt a touch on my arm. 我觉得有人碰了我胳膊一下。我觉得有人碰了我胳膊一下。 touch作及物动词可以表示作及物动词可以表示“触摸；使接触；感动触摸；使接触；感动”We were greatly touched by her story. 她的故事深深地打动了我们。她的故事深深地打动了我们。 touch作名词时还可构成以下短语：作名词时还可构成以下短语： get in touch with. “与与取得联系取得联系”。 keep in touch with. “与与保持联系保持联系”。 lose touch with. “同同失去联系失去联系”。 be out of touch with 6. cant help doing 情不自禁做某事情不自禁做某事, cant help (to) do 不能帮助做某事不能帮助做某事 cant help but do sth 不得不干不得不干We couldnt help laughing when we heard the funny story.I cant help (to) wash the dishes because I am busy preparing for the entrance exams. He cant help but agree. 他不得不同意。他不得不同意。 make sense 有意义，有道理，讲得通有意义，有道理，讲得通 warm up 热身，使暖和起来热身，使暖和起来 ring out 突然响起突然响起 all of a sudden 突然；猛地突然；猛地 Ignore 忽视忽视Shark attacksShark attacksWhale sharkBasking sharkGreat whiteTiger sharkShark SpeciesBlue sharkFAST READING :1. How many different types of sharks are there in the ocean?2. Do all of them attack humans? 3. How to avoid being attacked by sharks?4. What are their unique senses?FOUR PIECES OF ADVICE TO AVOID SHARK ATTACKS:Dont swim in the dark.Dont swim if you are cut or if you have a fresh wound.Dont wear bright clothing or jewellery.Try and stay in groups.THREE TIPS TO HELP YOU IF A SHARK ATTACKS YOU Dont panic. Hit the shark on the nose. Stick your finger in the sharks eye.SECOND READING: Read the text again and try to find out the main idea of each paragraph. Paragraph 1: There are nearly 400 types of sharks. Paragraph 2: Sharks do not feed on humans. Paragraph 3: There are three types of shark attacks. Paragraph 4: An increase in water sports has led to an increase in shark attacks. Paragraph 5: There are three tips on what to do if a shark attacks.Paragraph 6: Do not be frightened by sharks. Practice Summarize the textTypes of sharksAdvice on reducing the chances of being attackedThe tips to help you when attacked 1. chance n. 机会机会, 可能性可能性, 运气运气 of doing sth / to do sth Eg. Is there any chance of getting tickets for tonights performance? 有可能得到今晚演出的票吗有可能得到今晚演出的票吗Please give me a chance to explain. 请给我个机会让我解释一下请给我个机会让我解释一下. by chance 意外地；偶然地意外地；偶然地They met by chance on a plane. 他们在飞机上不期而遇他们在飞机上不期而遇LANGUAGE FOCUS 2. compared to/with 与与比起来比起来 (line 12) e.g. Compared to/with last year, this country has reduced the education fee by 30%.Compare A with B:Compare A to B:拿拿A和和B作比较作比较把把A比作比作B/拿拿A和和B作比较作比较e.g. If you compare China with Britain, youll find there are many differences. The poet compares the girl he loves to a red rose.3. Feed 喂养喂养; 饲养饲养 (a) feed sb on sth: * What do you feed your dog on? 你用什麽喂狗你用什麽喂狗? (b) feed sth to sb feed oats to horses 用燕麦喂马用燕麦喂马. feed on 以以.为主食为主食4.latter n. 后者后者 adj. 后面的后面的, (两者中两者中)后者的后者的 later adj. 更迟的更迟的,更后的更后的 adv. 稍后稍后,随后随后 5. The latter two types of attacks are more likely to be deadly for humans. (line31-33)Its likely/possible for sb to do sthIts likely/possible thatSb is likely to do 她今晚很可能给我打电话她今晚很可能给我打电话.* She is very likely to ring me tonight. It is very likely/possible that shell ring me tonight. 6. wound n. 伤口，创伤伤口，创伤 vt. 使受伤使受伤比较：比较：hurt, injure, woundhurt 作作vt 时指精神上或肉体上的时指精神上或肉体上的创伤；伤害创伤；伤害His words hurt me / my feelings. 他的话伤了我他的话伤了我/我的感情。我的感情。 Injure 指意外伤害或事故造成的指意外伤害或事故造成的伤害伤害，Several children were injured in the accident. 好几个孩子在那次事件中受伤。好几个孩子在那次事件中受伤。 Wound 一般指一般指刀伤；枪伤；战场上受伤刀伤；枪伤；战场上受伤。He got wound in the battle. 他在战争中受伤了。他在战争中受伤了。7. avoid 避免避免avoid sth / doing sthTry to avoid accidents. 尽量防止发生事故.I just avoided running over the cat. 我差一点儿轧着猫. 8. panic n/vi. 惊慌惊慌, 恐慌恐慌 be in a panic (about sth) （对某事）恐慌（对某事）恐慌/惊惶失措惊惶失措 I got into a panic when I found the door was locked. 我发觉门锁上了我发觉门锁上了, 十分惊慌十分惊慌.9. stick n.n.棍棍, , 棒棒, , 手杖手杖 v.v.粘住粘住, , 粘贴粘贴; ;刺刺, , 表示表示刺；戳；刺死刺；戳；刺死，后面接名词，且与介词，后面接名词，且与介词in/ into连连用。用。She stuck some pins into the material. 她往布料中刺了几根饰针。她往布料中刺了几根饰针。表示表示张贴；粘贴张贴；粘贴，后面接名词。，后面接名词。I forgot to stick a stamp on the letter.表示表示坚持坚持，与，与介词介词to连用，后面接名词连用，后面接名词/动名词动名词/从句从句I decided to stick to my present job.我决定把现在的工作坚持做下去。我决定把现在的工作坚持做下去。stick out 伸出伸出 10. there is 30 times greater chance of being hit by lightning than being attacked byA是是B几倍大几倍大(高高, 长长, 宽等宽等)1)A is four times as big (high, long, wide, etc.) as B.2)A is four times the size (height, length, width, etc.) of B.3)A is three times larger (higher, longer, wider ,etc.) than B.e.g. 这条路是那条路的五倍长。这条路是那条路的五倍长。 This road is five times as long as that one.This road is five times the length of that road.This road is four times longer than that road. practice1)He failed in the test again, _ he was very careless.(主要是因为主要是因为)2)People in the southern part of China_Rice.(以以为主食为主食)3)Shanghai_the largest city of china in the world.(作为作为而闻名而闻名)4)Mary and John are good friends. The former likes music, while _likes sports.(后者后者)5)He tried to_ my questions.(避免回答避免回答)6)_gently.(拍他的头拍他的头)7)No matter how hard it is, well _(坚持完成坚持完成) our plan.mainly becausefeed onis known as the latteravoid answeringPat him on the headstick to finishing
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