初一英语阅读理解专题

阅读短文，回答问题Whatsportdoyoulikebest?Daniel:Ilikebasketballbest.IoftenwatchNBA.Iplaybasketballeveryday.Iamshort,butIamstrong.Iamagoodbasketballplayerinourschool.Lucy:Ping-pingismyfavouritesport.IamaChineseandChineseping-pongplayersarethebestintheworld.Iwanttobeagoodping-pongplayertoo.Ioftenplayiteveryafternoon.Tom:Iamtallandstrong.Ilikefootballbest.Myfatherisafootballplayer.Ioftenwatchmyfatherplayfootball.Myfatheroftenteachesmetoplayfootball.Iplaywithmyfatherandothersintheparkeveryday.()1. What sport does Daniel like?A. FootballB. Basketball)2. Who likes football best?A. DanielB. Tom)3. What does Tom s father do?A. A teacher.B. A doctor.)4. When does Lucy often play ping-pong?A. Every morning.B. Every afternoon.)5. Which of the following is RIGHT?C. Ping-pongC. LucyC. A policeman.C. Every evening.D. SwimmingD. NobodyD. A football player.D. At the weekend.A. Daniel is tall.C. Tom is thin.B.Lucywantstobeadoctor.D.Thepassage(文章)isaboutfavouritesports.BHi!MynameisMillie.IamfromEngland.Iamtwelveyearsold.Iamslimandtall.Ihavelonghair.Ilikemusic.Ilistentomusiceveryevening.IlikereadingandIamintheReadingClub.ButIdontlikesports.Hello!IamPeterfromAmerica.ButIliveinShanghainow.Iam13yearsold.Iwearglasses.Iamtallandstrong.Myhairisveryshort.Ilikesportsverymuch.Everyafternoon,Iplayfootballontheplaygroundatschool.Iamgoodatswimmingtoo.ThisisAmy.IwasborninBeijingandnowIliveinNanjing.MyfatherworksinahospitalinNanjing.Sowecomehere.Iamfourteenyearsold.Iamshortbutstrong.Ilikeplayingcomputergames.Iampoliteandhelpful.Ioftenhelpotherstudents.()6.HowoldisMillie?C. FourteenD. FifteenC. BeijingD. NanjingC. SimonD. AmyC. A policeman.D. A cook.A.TwelveB.Thirteen()7.WheredoesAmycomefrom?A.EnglandB.America()8.Whowearsapairofglasses?A.MillieB.Peter()9.WhatdoesAmysfatherdo?A.Ateacher.B.Adoctor.()10.WhatisPeterlike?A.Slimandtall.B.Shortandstrong.C.Tallandstrong.D.Thinandtall.阅读理解所选短文体裁多样，题材各异，文章涉及科学知识、社会文化、政治历史、人文环境和日常生活等方面，常见题型有主旨题、细节题、推断题、猜测词义题和正误判断题。、阅读理解的应试策略提高英语阅读水平并非一朝一夕所能奏效的。要想具有较高的阅读水平，考生就必须具备扎实的语法知识，相当数量的词汇，渊博的背景知识，过硬的专业知识以及较高的分析能力、认识能力和逻辑思维能力等。这就要求我们除了掌握好语言基础知识外，还必须经常大量阅读各种体裁、题材的英语读物，如英语辅导报、英语沙龙、英语学习等报刊上的文章。每天要根据自己的情况尽可能地多读几篇，这样长期坚持下去，词汇量会得到扩大，知识面能得到拓宽，阅读速度也会逐步加快，语言感受能力将会增强，因而阅读水平也会随之提高。？二、阅读理解的应试技巧应该指出的是，应付测试不是阅读理解的目的，只有通过长期的练习和积极思考才能真正提高阅读能力，但应试技巧可以帮助考生增加自信心，并在一定程度上提高考试成绩。下面的临场应考技巧仅供参考。1、如果文长题少，则以略读的方式先读一遍，而后带着问题去查阅，求得要找的答案。？2、如果文短题多，则应先仔细阅读该短文，再去做题。遇到某个题答不来时，可带着该问题去查阅有关细节。？3、如果问的是一段文章的中心思想，则应重点读段首句和段未句，看是否有主题句。有时主题句可能位于段中，也有的段落无明显的主题句，那就要自己分析、归纳中心思想。？4、如果问题要求解答案数字、人名、地名、时间等，则可直接用查阅的方法来寻求答案三、常见题型的剖析（一）主旨题主旨题主要考查学生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握。做此类题时，应通读全文，理解文章大意，充分理解主题句的意义。短文往往围绕主题句展开，主题句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句。（二）细节题细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。做此类题时，应快速捕捉信息，可能是一些事例、数字等，阅读时要有针对性。（三）推断题推断题就是根据某个事实推断结论，主要考查学生的理解力和推断力。这类推断通常包括：数据事实推断、常识推断以及作者的写作目的、态度和倾向等的推断。做此类题时，应根据短文中的相关语句，对与事实有关的细节加以分析，找出线索，悟出字里行间的意思，反复比较，从而作出合乎逻辑的判断。（四）猜测词义题猜测词义题主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义能力。一般情况下，推断词义的题目中所出现的单词，大多数是学生未曾见过的生词，学生需要在该词出现的上下文中去寻找线索。通过阅读上下文，断定该词的真正含义，然后将这个释义代入文中，检查是否贴切，仔细比较直到得出该词的确切的含义。1 .通过因果关系猜词通过因果关系猜词，首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。有时文章借助关联词（如because,as,since,for,so,thus,asaresult,ofcourse,therefore等等）表示前因后果。例如：Youshouldnthaveblamedhimforthat,foritwasnthisfault.通过for弓I出的句子所表示的原因（那不是他的错），可猜出blame的词义是“责备。2 .通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词通过同义词猜词，一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组，如happyandgay,即使我们不认识gay这个词，也可以知道它是愉快的意思；二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词，如ManhasknownsomethingabouttheplanetsVenus,Mars,andJupiterwiththehelpofspaceships.止匕句中的Venus（金星）、Mars（火星）、Jupiter（木星）均为生词，但只要知道planets就可猜出这几个词都属于行星这一义域。通过反义词猜词，一是看表转折关系的连词或副词，如but,while,however等;二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语，如：Heissohomely,notatallashandsomeashisbrother.根据notatallhandsome我们不难推测出homely的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。3 .通过构词法猜词在阅读文章时，我们总会遇上一些新词汇，有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意，而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用，止匕时，如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识，这些问题便不难解决了。4 .通过定义或释义关系来推测词义例如：Butsometimes,norainfallsforalong,longtime.Thenthereisadryperiod,ordrought.从drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即drought,由此可见drought意思为久旱，旱灾。而adryperiod和drought是同义语。这种同义或释义关系常由is,or,thatis,inotherwords,becalled或破折号等来表示。5 .通过句法功能来推测词义例如：Bananas,oranges,pineapples,coconutsandsomeotherkindoffruitgrowinwarmareas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生词，我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大致的意思。从句中不难看出pineapples,coconuts和bananas,oranges是同类关系，同属fruit类，因此它们是两样水果，准确地说，是菠萝和椰子。6 .通过描述猜词描述即作者为帮助读者更深更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或内在特征的描写。例如：ThepenguinisakindofseabirdlivingintheSouthPole.Itisfatandwalksinafunnyway.Althoughitcannotfly,itcanswimintheicywatertocatchthefish.从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类。后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。(五)正误判断题正误判断题主要考查学生对文章的具体事实、信息的理解能力。一般是根据文章的事实或细节，给出一个句子，判断其正误。这类题比较直接，难度相对较小。做此类题时，应先看题，后带着“问题”快速阅读短文，寻找所需要的信息。阅读短文，回答问题CMynameisRachel.IamastudentinToronto,Canada.Itisthesecondlargestcountryinsizeintheworld.EverydaymybrotherAndrewandIgotoschoolat9:00.Idislikegettingupat8:00inthemorning!Whenwefinallygetup,weneedtoeatbreakfastquicklyathomeandwalktoschool.AtschoolwelearnEnglishandFrench,becauseCanadianspeakEnglishandFrench.Ofcourse,wealsolearnhistory,art,scienceandmath.Mybrothersfavouritesportisfootball.ButIcantplayherebslhotgschssylareaontheplayground.Schoolendsat3:30AndrewandIwalkbackhome.Ihavetodoalotofhomeworkfirst.AfterdinnerIcanrelax.Myfavoritehobbyisgoingforaboat-ridewithdad.SometimesIgotothepark.Ihopeyoucanenjoylearningaboutmylife.()11.isthesecondlargestintheworld.A.CanadassizeB.CanadaspopulationC.thenumberofthestudentsD.Canadasfood()12.Rachelandhisbrothergotoschool.AintheschoolbusBintheirfathercarsConfootDbybike()13.WhatlanguagedoesRachellearnatschool.AEnglishandscienceBEnglishandFrenchCFrenchandreadingDChineseandEnglish()14.Rachelsbrotherlikesbest.AvolleyballBfootballCbaseballDbadminton()15.Rachelhastofirstafterschool.AhelphismothercookBdohishomeworkCwatchTVwithhisbrotherDhavedinnerDMostchildrenlikewatchingTV.Itsvery时61卜皿9TVtheycanseeandlearnalotandknowmanythingsabouttheircountryandtheworld.Ofcourse,theycanalsolearnontheradio.ButtheycanlearnbetterandmoreeasilywithTV.Why?Becausetheycanhearandwatchatthesametime.Buttheycantseeanythingontheradio.TVhelpstoopenchildrenseyes.TVhelpstoopentheirminds(,too.Theylearnnewerandbetterwaysofdoingthings.Theymayfindtheworldisnowsmallerthanbefore.ManychildrenwatchTVonlyonSaturdayorSundayevening.Theyarealwaysbusywiththeirlessons.ButafewchildrenwatchTVeverynight.Theygotobedverylate.Theycanthaveagoodrest.Howaboiyouandyourfriends?()16.Afewchildrengotobedlatebecausethey.A. arebusywiththeirlessonsB.dotheirhomeworkC.watchTVD.listentotheradio()17.Childrencantseeanything.A.intheradioB.ontheradioC.onTVD.bywatchingTV()18.TVhelpstoopenchildrensA.eyesandmindsB.mindsC.eyesorearsD.eyes()19.ManychildrenwatchTVonlyon.A.SaturdayorSundayB.SaturdayorSundayeveningC.SaturdayeveningD.Sundayevening()20.ChildrencanstudybetterandmoreeasilywithTVbecauseA.theyliketowatchTV.B. theycanhearatthesametimeC. theycanwatchatthesametimeD.theycanlistentoandseesomethingatthesametimeEFishandchips,andChinesetake-awayfood(熟食)areverypopularinEngland.ButtheyarelesspopularintheUSA.IntheUSA,theyeattake-awayfood,too,likefriedchicken.Butthemostpopularkindoftake-awayfoodishamburgers.Itlookslikebreadwithmeatinit.Hamburgersaredelicious.Theyareverypopularintheworld.Chinesefoodhasdifferenttastesandisusuallyverydelicious.Itsalsoverypopularintheworld.(?)21.WhatsthefavouritefoodintheUSA?A.Hamburgers.?B.Fishandchips.C.Friedchicken.?D.Take-awayfood.(?)22.Whatdoesthehamburgerlooklike?A.Itlookslikeamooncake.?B.Itlookslikeasausages(香肠).?C.Itlookslikebreadwithmeatinit.?D.Itlookslikeabanana.(?)23.Whichfoodhasdifferenttastesandisusuallyverydelicious?A.Englishfood.?B.Americanfood.?C.Chinesefood.?D.Frenchfood.(?)24.ArefishandchipsandChinesetake-awayfoodverypopularintheUSA?A.Yes,theyare.?B.No,theyarentC.Yes,theywere.?D.No,theywerent.(?)25.Whodoyouthinklikeshamburgersbest?A.Theoldpeople.?B.Children.?C.Mostofthepeople.?D.Nobody课后练习阅读短文，回答问题ATomlikesfishverymuch.Heoftenbuyssomefishintheshopandtakesithome.Butwhenhiswifeseesthefish,shesaystoherself,Good!Icanaskmyfriendstohavelunch,andwecaneatthefish.Theylikefishverymuch,too.SowhenTomcomeshomeintheevening,thefishisnotthereandhiswifealwayssays,Oh,yourcateatsitAndshegivesTomsomebreadforhissupper.Tomisveryangry.Hetakesthecatandhiswifetotheshopnearhishouseandweighsthecat.Thenheturnstohiswifeandsays,Myfishweighsonekilo.Thiscatweighsone,too.Myfishishere,yousee,butthenwhereismycat?1.WheredoesTomoftenbuyfish?A.intheshop?B.athome?C.inaschool?D.fromhiswife2.eatthefish.A.Tom?B.Tomandhiswife?C.Thecat?D.Tomswifeandherfriends3.WhatdoesTomhaveforsupper?A.Somebread?B.ThefishC.Somericeandthefish?D.Somefruitandchicken4. WhatdoestheunderlinedwordweighsmeaninChinese?A.批评？B.称重？C.宰杀？D.驱逐5. Whichofthefollowingis?right?A. Tomdoesntlikefish.?B. TomswifeeatsthefishwithTomathome.?C. Tomdoesnthavelunchathome.D.Tomcantfindthecat.Harryiseightyearsold.Hegoestoschoolnearhishome.Healwaysgoesthereandcomeshomeonfoot.Onedayhecamehomefromschoollate.Hismothersawhimandaskedhim,Whywereyoulate,Harry?Myteacherwasveryangryandaskedyoutogotoherofficetomorrow.Toheroffice?Why?hismotherasked.Becausesheaskedaquestionintheclass.saidHarry.Nobodycouldanswerit,butIcould.Youaresoclever,myson.hismothersaidwithasmile.Whatisherquestion?HerquestionisWhoputthetomatoonmychairandmademytrousersdirty?saidHarry.49. cananswertheteachersquestioninclass.A.NobodyB.HarryC.ManystudentsD.Somestudents50. TheteacheraskedHarrysmothertogotoschoolbecause.A.HarryiseightB.HarrygoestoschoolonfootC.HarryshomeisnearD.Harrymadeherangry51. Theteacherstrousersweredirtybecause.A.shesatonthedeskB.itwasraininghardC.shesatonthetomatoD.shehadthemforalongtimes the besbeforeCWhenyouarereadingsomethinginEnglish,youmayoftencomeacrossanewword.Whattoknowit?YouneedanEnglish-Chinesedictionary（字典）.Itwilltellyoualotabouttheword,forexample（例如）,howtoreadthisword,whatitmeansinChineseandhowtousethisword.ButtherearesomanyEnglishwordsinthedictionaryandhowcanyouknowwherethewordis?Thereisawaytolookforit.InthedictionaryyoucanfirstseethewordsbeginningwiththeletterA,thenB,C,D,EThatmeans,iftherearetwowords,“desk”and“hour”,“desk”willbebefore“hour”;“story”“before“tomorrow”etc.TheEn-Cglhisinhesedictionarywillbeyourgoodfriend.IhopeyouwilloftenuseitinyourEnglishlearning.52. Whenyoudontknowanewword,thebestwayaccordingtothepassage1文）is.A.toaskyourteacherB.toguessC.toaskyourfriendsD.touseadictionary53. Whatdoes“comeacrmosesan”（意思）inChineseinthepassage?Itmeans.A.遇到B.撞倒C.越过D.过来54. Herearefourwords,“face”,“autumn”,“film”and“April”.Theirrightorder（次序）intheEnglish-Chinesedictionaryis.A.April,autumn,face,filmB.film,face,April,autumnC.face,film,April,autumnD.April,face,film,autumn55. Thispassageisabout.A. howtousetherightwordsinyourEnglishwritingB. howtoreadthenewwordsintheEnglishstoryC. howtouseanEnglish-ChinesedictionaryD. howtochoosearightEnglish-ChinesedictionaryDOneday,AllanandhisfriendHenrywentswimminginariver.Itwasveryhot.Howhappytheywereintheriver!Aftertheygotoutofthewater,theyplayedgamesinthesunforawhile.Ontheirwayback,Henrysawsomeflowers.Helikedtheflowersverymuchandranintothegreenfield（农田）tolookatthem.NowAllanwaswalkingbyhimself.ThenheheardHenrycallingout,Asnake!Help!.“Whatswrongwithyou?askedAllan.“Asnakebitmeintheleg.Comehere!Allanranoverandsawasmallredwound（伤口）onHenrysleg.“ThesnakewasinthegrassI.didntseeit,“Sitdownquickly!AllantoldHenry.Allanputhismouthatthelittleredwoundandbegantosuck（吸）atit.InthiswayhesavedHenryslife.Oh,Allan,itsverykindofyoutohelpme.“Thatsallright.Wearefriendsandwemustalwayshelpeachother.62. ItwaswhenAllanandHenrywentout.A.hotB.coldC.rainyD.wet63. Afterswimming,theyplayedinthesun.A.thewholemorningB.for2hoursClongDforawhile64. HenryandAllanare.A.workersB.goodfriendsC.brothersD.farmers65. Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.HenrywenttolookattheflowerswithAllan.B.Theyrantothehospitalatonce.C.Allansawthesnake.D.AllansavedHenryslife.