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U1 LESSON ONEPOPULATION PROBLEMS一、过去完成时一、过去完成时二、二、过去过去完成时与完成时与现在现在完成时完成时的比较的比较三、三、过去过去完成时与完成时与一般过去时一般过去时的比较的比较一、过去完成时一、过去完成时1.意义：意义： 注意注意:不要将不要将过去完成的动作过去完成的动作纯粹就理解为用过去完成时纯粹就理解为用过去完成时,因为这样必然会在该用一般过去时的地方误用过去完成因为这样必然会在该用一般过去时的地方误用过去完成时时.应当记住应当记住:过去完成时是一个过去完成时是一个相对的时态相对的时态.表示的是过表示的是过去的过去去的过去,只有在只有在和过去某时或某动作比较时和过去某时或某动作比较时才用到才用到.时间现在过去某时或另一过去动作更早的动作(用过去完成时).形式形式1）肯定式：）肯定式： 2）否定式：）否定式： 3）疑问式：）疑问式：had+ Vedhad not +VedHad +主语主语+Ved.We had not finished it when he came back.Had you finished the work when he came back?他回来时我们还没有完成他回来时我们还没有完成。他回来时你们工作完成了吗？他回来时你们工作完成了吗？二比较：二比较：过去完成时过去完成时与与现在完成时现在完成时时间出发点不同时间出发点不同：过去完成时以过去完成时以过去某个时间过去某个时间为基点。为基点。现在完成时以现在完成时以现在现在作为时间的基点。作为时间的基点。因此，因此，过去完成时是现在完成时的过去时。过去完成时是现在完成时的过去时。Tom is not hungry. He has just had breakfast.Tom was not hungry.He had just had breakfast.例句比较：例句比较：(现在完成时现在完成时)(过去完成时过去完成时)1.We got to the station at 8:00, but the train had left.我们八点到达车站，但火车已开走我们八点到达车站，但火车已开走了。了。2. We got to the station at 8:00, but the train left at 7:30.我们八点到达车站，但火车七点半就我们八点到达车站，但火车七点半就开开走了。走了。3. When I arrived home, my parents had had dinner.我到家时，我父母已吃过饭了。我到家时，我父母已吃过饭了。4. When I arrived home, we had dinner together.我一到家，我们就一起吃饭。我一到家，我们就一起吃饭。5. She had been ill for a week before she came back. She has been ill for a week. .John and I _ friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we _ each other a couple of times before that. A. had been; have seen B. have been; have seen C. had been; had seen D. have been; had seen; 2.The news came as no surprise to me. I _ for some time that the factory was going to shut down. A. had known B. knew C. have known D. knowA 3. How can you possibly miss the news? It _ on TV all day long. A. has been B. had been C. was D. will beA 4.The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. She _ before. A. hasnt flown B. didnt fly C. hadnt flown D. wasnt flyingC三、三、过去完成时过去完成时与与一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时表示在一般过去时表示在过去某个时间过去某个时间发生的发生的动作或存在的状态；动作或存在的状态；过去完成时表示在过去完成时表示在过去某一时间之前过去某一时间之前完完成的动作。成的动作。过去完成时过去完成时与与一般过去时一般过去时的比较的比较We noticed him entering the headmasters office. The little boy had been made to learn 200 words by the time he was five. We the revision in grammar by the end of last month. I arrived late; I _ the road to be so icy. A. wouldnt expect B. havent expected C. hadnt expected D. wasnt expectingC1.FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH CORRECT TENSES.1）Film maker David Morris_ (be) interested in the cinema since he _ (be) a small child.2）The students _ (catch) the thief before the policemen came.has beenwashad caughtExercises:3). Jane loves travelling . Her work _ (take) her all over the world. She _(be) to Africa, India, Australia, China and South America.4).The house was very quiet when I got home. Everybody _(go) to bed.has takenhas beenhad gone5.They _(buy) a house on the island in 1987 and they _ (live) there since then.6. Andrew _ (do) the test before,so he found it very easy.7.There was a car by the side of the road. It _ (break) down. So we _ (stop) to see if we could help.boughthave livedhad donehad brokenstopped2.COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES:1).I didnt go to the film last week, because_ (我已经看过两次了我已经看过两次了)2).How many words _ (已经学了已经学了)by the end of last term?4). She started to play the piano_ (在她在她五岁时五岁时)I had already seen it twicehad you learnedat the age of five4).She _ (给我们看裙给我们看裙子子)she_(她她刚买的）刚买的）5). He _(已经学了）已经学了）English for three years before he came here.showed us the skirthad just bought.had learned1 1. We _(learn) two thousand words by the end of last year. 3. When we _(arrive) at the station, they _(wait) for more than twenty minutes. had learnedarrivedhad waited2. I _ 2. I _ (know) him when I was a student. had known4. One of the men couldnt move, because he _ (break) his legs. had brokenVocabulary I1.growth n.the growth of a child成长成长the rapid growth of the economy 增长增长A thick growth of weeds covered the yard. 生长生长庭院长满浓密的野草。庭院长满浓密的野草。 world population growth世界人口增长世界人口增长control the population growthv: grow grew grownadj : grown grown-up grown-ups growing2. overcrowding = too many people or things in a small placevt: overcrowd 使过度拥挤使过度拥挤; adj: overcrowded buses and trains 拥挤不堪的公共汽车和火车拥挤不堪的公共汽车和火车n: the overcrowding of large cities the problem of overcrowdingoverdue overgrowth , overgrowoverpassoverseaoversleep 3. aging = ageingaging problem n. ageadj: aged4. birthrateThe birthrate in the city has been decreasing. 该市的出生率一直持续下降。该市的出生率一直持续下降。 5. doubleadj: 两倍的，双人的两倍的，双人的a double room double payn. 两倍两倍His pay is the double of mine. V:增加一倍，成倍增加一倍，成倍The population of Japan doubles that of Canada. The population doubled from 1960 to 1999.He doubled his slice of bread to make a sandwich. 6. be faced withThe front of the house was faced with concrete. 覆盖 Many countries are faced with the population problem. 面临面临The building faces the big river. Face the facts, sir! Lack of funds is the main difficulty that faces them. 7. on averageWe received 20 calls a day on average. 按平均值按平均值On average babies start walking at the age of one. (=usually)The average of 3,8 and 10 is 7. (平均数）平均数）above/below average (一般水平）一般水平）an average student (中等的）中等的）8. solve vt.solve the aging problem solve a crossword puzzlen. solution find a solution to the problem. 解决这个问题的办法 9. Africa African10. Kenya 肯尼亚肯尼亚(东非国家东非国家) Kenyan11.therefore adv. 因此因此He was down with the flu, and therefore he couldnt come to the party. TEXT World Population Growth Population(in billions)The population had reached _ by 1999.The population _from 1960 to 2000. The population _ 6.3 billion by 2003. What was the world population in 1960?6 billiondoubledhad risen to 1. By the end of last year, they _(learn) 200 English words.2. He didnt go to the cinema because he _(see) the movie twice.3. She _(work) on the farm for three years before she became a teacher.4. She had to make a living herself because her parents _. (die)5. People _(catch) the thief before the policeman _(arrive)6. We _(not get) the tickets because the teacher _(give) them all to the other class.7. Last week I didnt return the book to the library because I _ (not finish) it.8. Tom said that he _ (visit) China twice. had learnedhad seen had workedhad diedhad caught arriveddidnt gethad given hadnt finishedhad visited1. g_ the act of growing 2. d_ become twice as much/many 3. b_ the number of births every year for every 1000 people in the population of a place4. g_ the group of people who are responsible for controlling a country or a state Go over the new words: rowthoubleirthrateovernmentTRANSLATE THE PHRASES.1.面临，面对2.控制人口增长3.找到解决问题的办法4.老龄化人口5.过度拥挤问题6.按平均值7.一个非洲国家8.解决问题1. The police officer was clam when he was f_ with danger.2. Because of the world population g_, well face serious problems. 3. With the development of technology, the production of cars will d_ this year. 4. The b_ of many European countries is very low. 5. The problems in Asia are not just population growth but also o_. 6. Though he is an a_ rock star, he is still a popular singer. 7. The g_ has been thinking about the further birthrate cuts. Complete the following sentences. aced rowthoubleirthratevercrowdinggeingovernmentWorld Population GrowthYear年份Population人口19502.5 billion19603.0 billion19703.7 billion19804.5 billion19905.3 billion19996 billion20006.1 billion20056,4 billionThere are seven continents in the world .AmericaEuropeAsiaAfricaOceaniaThey are Asia, Africa, America (North/South), Europe , Antarctica（南极洲）（南极洲）, and Oceania . What are they ?population growth the aging problems the problem of overcrowding Listen to the first paragraph and answer these questions : 1. Why is the birthrate very low in Europe? Because many people have only one child or none at all.2. How long do men and women in Europe live on average? On average, men live to be 76, and women, 78.3. How is the old peoples life in Europe? Some are very lonely and some are very poor.Listen to the second paragraph and answer these questions : 1. How often is the population in Africa doubling? It is doubling every 24 years. 2. Many families continue to have large numbers of children, dont they? Yes, they do.3. How fast will Kenyas population increase in the next 80 years? The population will increase 10 times.Listen to the third paragraph and answer these questions : 1. What population problem is Asia faced with? The problem in Asia is not just population growth but also overcrowding in many cities.2. Where did most people use to live? They used to live in the country.3. Where will they live within the next 25 years? They will live in cities.4. How many people will live in cities within the next 25 years? More than 65 per cent of them.5. What problems do governments have to solve? Governments have to solve the problem of overcrowding in cities.WHAT POPULATION PROBLEMS ARE EUROPE, AFRICA AND ASIA FACED WITH? ContinentsProblemsEuropethe aging problemsAfricapopulation growthAsiapopulation growth &overcrowding in many citiesCOMPREHENSION CHECK P104-105 TELL THE DIFFERENCEriseraisevivt增长；上升增长；上升 rose risen 提高提高, ,举起举起 raised raised1. Has the moon _ yet ? 月亮升起来了吗？月亮升起来了吗？2. The river has _ two feet. 河水上升了河水上升了2英尺英尺.3. He _ his hand quickly. 他迅速地举起了手他迅速地举起了手。4. He _ (从位子上起来从位子上起来)and _(提高了他的嗓音提高了他的嗓音).risenrisenraisedrose from his seatraised his voicelonelyalone adj. 感到孤单的, 偏僻的,人迹罕至的 adj /adv.独自一个人的(地）1. She lives on tea and cake when shes _.2. Come over and see me; Im feeling a bit _. 3. He felt _ without his wife.4. She has never been on holiday _.5. He is now living in a _mountain village. alonelonelylonelyalonelonelyLISTENING AND SPEAKINGModel 1: T: What were you doing at 6:50? S: I was doing morning exercises.Model 2: T: What had you done by 7 oclock? S: I had done morning exercises. Schedule6:30 a.m. 7:00 a.m. do morning exercises7:30 a.m. 8:00 a.m. have breakfast8:00 a.m. 10:30 a.m. do homework10:30 a.m. 11:30 a.m. prepare lunch11:30 a.m. 11:50 a.m. have lunch12:30 p.m. 2:30 p.m. take a nap3:00 p.m. 4:00 p.m. surf the InternetTELL THE WORDS ACCORDING THE ENGLISH MEANINGS GIVEN.1. so2. think about3. find a way, find an answer4. become twice as many5. at some time in the future6. terrible7. go out of sight8. able to be got9. old10. get rid ofthereforeconsidersolvedoublesome dayawfuldisappearavailableagedthrow awayThe world is faced with many problems. B. population growth123A. overcrowding in many citiesC. the aging problemsREADINGFUTURE PROBLEMSWHERE DO WE LIVE? Is it beautiful? Do you love it? What do people always call it instead of the earth? If she has problems, would you like to help her?THE WORLD IS FACED WITH MANY PROBLEMS. GOVERNMENTS SHOULD SOLVE:population growthThe problem of overcrowding in many citiesthe aging problemsin Africain Asiain EuropeFUTURE PROBLEMS Read the first paragraph and fill in the blanks. The world population is _ very _. In the last 40 years, the world population has _. By the year 2200, it will be about _ billion. Our cities will be much _. There will be more _ and more _. We will need more _ and other _. Therefore, we will have _ in the future, so we must change the way we use _ and natural _now. biggerfactoriesroadswaterserious problemsgrowingfastdoubled10natural resourcesenergyresourcesSECOND PARAGRAPH LISTEN AND FILL IN THE MISSING WORDS. _ of this is paper that we can use again. _ average family in Europe or America throws away over _ ton of rubbish _ year, but we can recycle _ of it. If we recycle things, we can save_, _ and _.HalfAnoneeachmuchreusemore than money energyresourcesTHIRD PARAGRAPHLISTEN AND THEN ANSWER THE QUESTIONS:a. What will exist (存在) for hundreds of years?b. What pollutes the air, the land and the water?c. What can we do to reduce (减少) pollution?Plastics and chemicals We must stop using materials like plastics and chemicals. not disappearPlastics and chemicals FOURTH PARAGRAPHFILL IN THE BLANKS USING THE WORDS IN THE BROWN. the ways to, used up , available, less, fewer Coal and minerals, for example, will be _ some day. Other resources take a long time to grow, such as trees, or they may not always be_, such as water. We must learn to use _ energy and _ resources. We also have to find other ways to make energy. We can find _ use the sun, the wind and the sea. used upfewerlessavailablethe ways toproduceuseable THE MAIN IDEA OF EACH PARAGRAPH 1234A. Plastics and chemicals cannot be reused. Instead, they pollute the air, the land and the sea, so we must stop using them. B. Because the world population is growing, we will face serious problems. So, we must find out solutions. C. Many of the natural resources cannot be renewed, so we must find new ways to make energy. D. People throw away millions of tons of rubbish every year, but we can use much of it again. REVISION1. 世界人口增长2. 人口拥挤问题3. 老年化的人口/老人4. 控制出生率5. 控制人口增长6. 年的世界人口是多少？7. 快速增长8. 达到/上升到亿9. 面临10.在很多欧洲国家11.出生率很低/高。12.平均来算1. world population growth2. the problem of overcrowding3. aging population/aged people4. control the birthrate5. control the population growth6. What was the world population in 2005?7.grow fast/rapidly8.reach/rise to 6.4 billion9. be faced with10. in many European countries11.The birthrate is low/high.12. on average13.的人口14.解决人口老龄化问题15.大量的孩子16.孩子的数量17.在未来的年里18. 增加倍19. 感到孤单独自居住一个偏僻的小岛20.每年每隔一行 每隔一天13.25 per cent of the population14.solve the aging problem15.a large number of children16.the number of children17.in/within the next 80 years18.increase 10 times19. feel lonely live alone a lonely island20. every 24 years every other line every other day 1.I _up late this morning?(起床) 2.Before I got to the cinema, the film _ already.(开始) 3.He _ (没完成) his homework yet. 4.By the end of last year, she _ (学) to swim for 3 years.Fill in the blanks.got had startedhasnt finishedhad learntJudge whether the following sentences are true or false. Please correct the wrong sentences:1. I three English books last week.2. He didnt begin watching TV until he his homework.3. He taught in this school since he came to the city.(F) had read readTfinishedhad finishedF ThadhasF T4. He had cleaned his house before he left his home.5. He a letter just now.6. I havent read the newspaper. Dont take it away.7. Li Ying began to write a report on population when sheenough information.Thad writtenFwroteTTcollectedhad collectedF TP106:Oral PracticeReal situationCause problemsFind solutionsNeed more water and natural resourcesThrow away millions of tons of rubbishStop using plastics and chemicalsMany natural resources cannot be renewed. Others take a long time to growFast population growthChange the way we use energy and natural resourcesWaste things we can use againRecycleA lot of rubbish cannot be recycledPollute the air, the land and the waterWill be used up some day or may not always be availableUse less energy and resources or find other ways to make energy READ THE MATERIAL AND COMPLETE THE TABLE:
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