高三英语总复习 Unit 20 New Frontiers课件 北师大版

Unit 20 New Frontiers基础知识梳理基础知识梳理F词汇梳理1. _ n. 细菌2. _ n. 全体机组人员3. _ vt. 帮助；协助_ n. 帮助_ n. 助手4. _ adj. 技术上的5. _ n. 消遣；娱乐6. _ n. 事业；企业7. _ adj. 方便使用的8. _ vt. 下载9. _ vt. 更新10. _ n. 饥饿_ v. 挨饿11. _ n. 歧视；差别对待12. _ n. 争执；冲突13. _ n. 平等_ adj. 平等的14. _ n. 数据库；资料库15. _ adj. 电子的16 _ n. 专家17. _ vt. 呈现；介绍_ n. 呈现；介绍；引荐18. _ n. 电子程序编制员19. _ vt. 拯救；救援20. _ adj. 起初的；最早的21. _ adj. 操作中的；即可使用的22. _ n. 指导者；教练_ v. 指导；教授23. _ n. 困境；进退两难的窘境24. _ vi. 通信25. _ adv. 同时26. _ vi. 分开；分离27. _ adj. 直言的；坦率的28. _ n. 后果；结果29. _ vi. 努力解决；摔跤；搏斗30. _ n. 界限；边界31. _ n. 现象_ pl. 现象32. _ adj. 原始的33. _ adj. 长久的；永久的_ adj. 暂时的；临时的34. _ vt. 允许；准许_ n. 允许35. _ vi. 打喷嚏36. _ v. 嗅；闻37. _ vi. (使)成熟38. _ vt. 按；压39. _ n. 小伙子；电动剃须刀40. _ adj. 有毒的_ n. 毒药41. _ vt. 宣告；宣布自我校对1.bacteria 2.crew 3.assist； assistance； assistant 4.technical 5.recreation 6.enterprise 7.handy 8.download 9.update 10.starvation； starve 11.discrimination 12.conflict 13.equality； equal 14.database 15.electronic 16.specialist 17.present； presentation 18.programmer 19.rescue 20.original 21.operational 22.instructor; instruct 23.dilemma 24.correspond 25.meanwhile 26.split 27.outspoken 28.outcome 29.wrestle 30.boundary 31.phenomenon； phenomena 32.primitive 33.permanent； temporary 34.permit； permission 35.sneeze 36.sniff 37.ripen 38.press 39.shaver 40.poisonous； poison 41.declare F短语梳理1. _ 预先 2. _ 泄露(秘密)3. _ 接收；接管4. _ 以防万一5. _ 弥补自我校对1.in advance 2.give away 3.take over 4.in case 5.make up for重点知识探究重点知识探究F重点单词1. mass n. 质量；大量；大多数；群众There were masses of people in the shops yesterday.昨天商店里人如潮涌。The masses have boundless creative power.群众有无限的创造力。知识梳理a mass of / masses of 大量的in the mass 总体上；总的来说点津提示a mass of / masses of表示“大量的；许多的”之意；后面既可以接可数名词也可以接不可数名词。探究练习The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took _ pictures of them.A. many ofB. masses ofC. the number of D. a large amount of 【解析】 B 考查了masses of表示“大量的”之意的用法。many直接修饰名词；C项应改为a number of； a large amount of修饰不可数名词。2. assist vt. 帮助；协助I was employed to assist the manager with his duties.我受雇协助经理工作。They had no maps to assist them.他们没有地图，很不方便。发散思维assistant n. 助手assistance n. 帮助求同存异assist， help， aid 含有接受帮助者因为弱小而需要帮助的意思aid和另外两个词的差别在于，help 含有比较强的“目的”意义。可以指具体或抽象意义上的“帮助”help从词源学角度讲，是“站在旁边”的意思，它清楚地包含着这种帮助只起着次要的作用；受协助的人自己做主要的一部分工作assist用法比较知识梳理assist sb. with sth.assist sb. to do sth.assist sb. in doing sth. give assistance to sb. 给某人以帮助come to ones assistance 帮助某人帮助某人做某事探究练习He has been _ me for a long time and I am grateful to him for his kindness.A. assisted B. assisting C. assisting with D. assisted to 【解析】 B assist是及物动词，后面直接接宾语。故选择B项。句意:他好长时间以来一直帮助我，我很感激他的善意。3.present vt. 呈现；介绍；出现；颁发；授予The company has decided it must present a more modern image.公司已经决定，必须展现出更加现代的形象。May I present my husband to you?请允许我向您介绍我的丈夫?On his retirement, colleagues presented him with a set of golf clubs.在他退休之际，同事们赠给他一套高尔夫球杆。知识拓展present n. 礼物；现在；目前 adj. 现在的；当前的；出席的；到场的What can I get him for a birthday present?我给他送点什么生日礼物呢？Im sorry he is out at present.我很抱歉他这会儿不在。We do not have any more information at the present time.目前，我们没有进一步的消息。知识梳理present sb. with sth.=present sth. to sb.把某物交给某人；向某人颁发某物present sb. to sb. 向某人介绍某人；引荐某人at present 目前be present at 出席探究练习He intended to _ himself better at the interview but actually he behaved worse than expected.A. present B. express C. show off D. explain 【解析】 A 由后句语境behave“表现；举止”可知，此处应用present表示“表现；呈现”之意的用法。句意：他原打算面试时表现得好一点，但事实上是他表现地比期望的要差一些。4. rescue vt. (从危险等中)救出；营救 n. 拯救；救援The reporter rescued a child from drowning.那个记者挽救了溺水的小孩。Many volunteers came to the rescue after the earthquake.地震后很多志愿者都来帮助救援。There were three rescues from danger in one afternoon.在一个下午三人获救脱离危险。求同存异rescue， save是普通用词，指“使避免伤害；危险或损失”之意；其宾语既可以是人，也可以是物save二者均可以表示“援救”之意；均为及物动词是指“不失时机地以强有力的措施进行援救”，其宾语多为人rescue相同点相异点比较知识梳理rescue sb. from doing sth.=save sb. from doing sth.救某人免于come / go to the rescue of sb. / ones rescue援救某人探究练习用rescue和save的适当的形式填空。(1)He sacrificed his life to _ another.(2)I once _ some animals from the flood.【答案】 (1)rescue (2)saved高考体验(2011上海)After getting lost in a storm， a member of the navy team _ four days later.A. rescued B. was rescuedC. has rescued D. had been rescued【解析】 B 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：海军小组的一名成员在暴风雨中迷失四天后获救了。member和rescue之间是被动关系，排除A和C两项； rescue并非发生于迷失之前，不是“过去的过去”，排除D项，故选B项。句子只是在陈述过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时。5. meanwhile adv. 同时；在此期间The doctor will see you again next week. Meanwhile, you must rest as much as possible.医生下周还会来给你看病。在此期间，你一定要尽可能多休息。I had to wait an extra hour so I wrote letters meanwhile.我必须再等一个小时所以在此期间我写了一些信。点津提示meanwhile相当于in the meanwhile或in the meantime等；meanwhile不能用作连词，不能引导时间状语从句。探究练习She has spent four months in America， and _， she has practiced her oral English.A. meanwhile B. in timeC. otherwise D. moreover【解析】 A 句意：她在美国呆了四个月，在此期间，她练习了自己的口语。考查了meanwhile表示“在此期间；同时”之意的用法，符合语境；而in time是“及时；迟早”； otherwise是“否则”； moreover是“而且”，均为干扰项。高考体验(2009浙江)The incomes of skilled workers went up. _， unskilled workers saw their earnings fall.A. Moreover B. ThereforeC. Meanwile D. Otherwise【解析】 C 考查副词词义辨析。句意：熟练工人的收入提高了，且同时非熟练工人的收入下降了。moreover“而且；除此以外”；therefore“因此”；meanwhile“与此同时；另一方面”；otherwise“否则；不然”。6. split vi. & vt. (使)裂开；(使)破裂；(使)分离n. C分歧；分裂；分离；裂口；劈叉 split up a hill to let the water through劈山引水split a job among four persons把一件事分给四个人做the years following his bitter split with his wife.他和妻子分开后的那些年a 50 50 split in the profit利润对半分知识梳理split away off 脱落下来；分裂(出去)；分离split up (into) (使)分裂；(使)分离；分享；分担split (up)with sb. 俚和某人闹翻点津提示split的过去式和过去分词均为split；而其现在分词是splitting。探究练习The task is too heavy for one person to finish so we decided to _ between us.A. split it up B. separate itC. split up it D. none of the above【解析】 A 考查了split up表示“分开”之意的用法。句意：这项任务工程巨大，一个人完不成，我们不得不分开做。代词作宾语时必须放在split和up之间，故选A。7. cure vt. 治愈；治疗；改正 n. 治愈；治疗；治疗法Parents try to cure their children of bad habits.父母试图改掉孩子的恶习。The doctor cant guarantee a cure.医生不能保证治愈。Aspirin is a wonderful cure for colds.阿斯匹林是治感冒的妙药。知识梳理(1)cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的病；消除某人的忧虑(2)a cure for sth. 问题的解决办法；疾病的治疗方法求同存异常指伤口愈合heal康复；恢复recover普通用语，指医治、治疗，常跟人作宾语，与for搭配，强调动作treat意为“治愈；治好”，可直接跟人或疾病作宾语，有时用来指突然地、出乎意料地痊愈；也用于引申指人的生活习惯的纠正、矫正等，与介词of搭配，强调结果cure探究练习用cure和treat的适当的形式填空。(1)The doctor has _ his illness completely.(2)He was being _ in the hospital. 【答案】 (1) cured (2)treated8. fade vi.逐渐变弱；褪色；消失Will the colour in this material fade?这种料子褪色吗? His voice faded to a whisper.他的声音越来越小，变成了耳语。The laughter faded away.笑声逐渐消逝。知识梳理fade away 消失；逐渐减弱；褪色fade out 淡出(指电影、电视中的画面)；渐隐；渐弱(指电影、电视中的声音)fade up 渐强(指电视、广播中的声音)探究练习The color is too dark and it will look better if it _ a little.A. fades B. fallsC. disappears D. decreases【解析】 A 考查了fade表示“减弱；褪色”之意的用法。句意：这种颜色太深，如果稍微褪点颜色可能会更好看些。其余选择项均为干扰项。9. permit vt. 允许；准许 n. 许可证；执照；营业证I would like to do it with you， but I am not sure whether my parents permit.我愿意和你一起做，但不知我父母是否允许。She permitted me to borrow the book.她允许我借那本书。I havent got a driving permit.我还没有得到驾驶执照。知识梳理permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事permit doing sth. 允许做某事permit of 容许permission n. 允许；许可ask for permission 请求允许without permission 未经许可with ones permission 征得某人许可点津提示permit作名词时，是可数名词，意为“许可证；执照”，permission是不可数名词，意为“许可”。求同存异表示“允许、默许或听任”之意，含有消极不反对的意思allow(1)表示“允许”(2)均可以用于allow / permitdoing或allow / permit sb. to do 的结构中比allow要正式，语意最强，多表示具有权威性的“批准、允许或认可”之意permit相同点相异点比较探究练习Would you _ me _ some advice on the matter?A. allow； offering B. permit； to offerC. allow； offer D. permit； to offering【解析】 B 考查了permit sb. to do sth.表示“允许某人干某事”之意的用法。相当于allow sb. to do sth.，其余选择项均不符合语法。高考体验(2011天津)Passengers are permitted _ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A. to carry B. carryingC. to be carried D. being carried【解析】 A 考查非谓语动词。句意：乘客只允许携带一个手提行李包登机。本句用的结构是sb. be permitted to do sth.，故选A项。10. declare vt. 宣布；宣告He declared that the meeting has been postponed.他宣布会议已延期了。He declared (that) he was right.他力陈他是对的。求同存异declare， announce更接近于汉语“公布”“告知”的意思，它所涉及的是一件对方原来不知道的事announce含有庄严宣告或交代清楚的意思，它所涉及的事不一定是对方所不知道的declare相异点比较知识梳理declare for / against 声明支持/反对某物declare war against / on . 对宣战declare oneself 发表意见declare sb. / sth. (to be) . 声称某人/某物为探究练习Hearing the club _， all the people present at the ceremony burst into cheers.A. declared to open B. declaring to openC. declared open D. declaring open【解析】 C 考查了declare sth. +adj.，表示“宣布某物处于的状态中”之意； hear sth. done“听到某事被”。其余选择项均不符合语法。F重点短语1. give away泄漏；赠送His accent gave him away.他的口音暴露了他的身份。He gave away most of his money to charity.他把他的大部分的钱都捐给了慈善事业。知识拓展与give有关的其他短语：give about 分布；传播(谣言) give away 背弃；出卖；泄露(秘密)；赠送give back 归还；送回give forth 发(放)出(声音；气味等) give in 屈服；投降； 退让(to)；交(呈)上give off (散)发出(蒸气)；发散(光线) give out 用完；用尽；散(分)发；精疲力竭give over 中止；停止做give up 放弃；停(中)止探究练习用与give有关的短语填空。(1)Check out the prices of our pizza weve virtually _ them _.(2)The rebels were forced to _ finally.(3)She didnt _ the hope of finding her lost child.(4)After a month their food supplies _.(5)The flowers _ a fragrant perfume.(6)Could you _ me _ my pen please?【答案】 (1)given； away (2)give in (3)give up (4)gave out (5)gave off (6)give； back2. take over接管；接替When she fell ill， her daughter took over the business from her.她患病期间，她的女儿接管她的生意。I am afraid its not possible for you to take over the job.我恐怕你不可以接管这种工作。知识拓展与take有关的其他短语：take after sb.外貌或行为像；追赶take apart打败；严厉抨击；拆开；拆卸take away from减少；减弱；贬低take sth. back退回；收回；理解；领会；记住take in 吸收；摄取；包含；包括；接受；接待；收容；领会；理解；欺骗take off起飞；匆匆离去；突然大受欢迎；迅速流行；脱下；摘掉take on聘用；雇佣；呈现；具有特征；决定做；承担take over from sth.占上风；取而代之take over 接管；接替；控制take to sth.开始沉迷于；养成的习惯；对产生好感take up 开始从事；着手处理；接下去；拿起；举起；带(某人)去；占据；消耗；采纳；接受探究练习用与take有关的短语填空。(1)She was _ as a trainee.(2)The table _ too much space of the room.(3)The plane is _ in ten minutes.(4)Who has _ my dictionary?(5)The old man was _ by the evil man.【答案】 (1)taken on (2)takes up (3)taking off (4)taken away (5)taken inF重点句型1. By the year 2015， the clothing industry will have produced new types of material that will remain stainless no matter what you spill on them.到2015年， 服装业将生产出一种新型布料，无论你将什么东西洒在上面都不会留下污渍。no matter what在句中引导让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”；相当于whatever。No matter what / Whatever you do， you should try all your best.无论你做什么，你都得尽全力。点津提示(1)no matter what / which / who只能引导让步状语从句；而whatever / whichever / whoever是既可以引导让步状语从句也可以引导名词性从句；引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter what / which / who；引导名词性从句时，分别相当于“名词/代词+that / which / who”。(2)whenever / wherever / however相当于no matter when / where / how，只能引导让步状语从句。探究练习 I dont know how to deal with my son. He always refuses _ advice I give him. He just wants to show he has grown up， maybe.A. no matter what B. whateverC. no matter which D. whichever【解析】 B 第一句句意：我不知道如何对付我的儿子，他总是拒绝我给他提出的任何建议。whatever引导名词性从句作refuse的宾语；同时，whatever在从句中作定语，修饰advice，是“任何的”之意。2. The International Space Station is now being built in the Earths orbit and soon will be working as a permanent manned scientific base， so as to research life in space and provide a stepping stone in case future manned flights are sent out.现在在地球轨道上正建国际空间站，不久它将是永久性的人造科学基地。建空间站为的是研究太空生命并为将来发送载人客机提供落脚基地。so as to do是“为了”之意，表示目的；相当于in order to do.。We have sent up man-made satellites so as to explore space.为了探索太空，我们已经发射了几颗人造卫星。发散思维so . as to . 如此以至于so that为了in order to do 为了in order that 为了求同存异so as to do / in order to doin order to do只能够表示目的，位于句首或句中均可；而so as to do既可以表示目的也可以表示结果，只能够位于句中；其否定形式分别为 in order not to do和so as not to do。探究练习_ be late for the meeting， she got up earlier than usual _ catch up with the early bus.A. In order to； so as to B. In order not to； so as to C. So as not to； in order to D. So as to； in order to【解析】 B so as to do 不能位于句首；in order to do的否定式为in order not to do. 故选择B项。句意：为了开会不迟到，她比往常起得早一些以赶上早班车。随堂基础闯关随堂基础闯关. 单项填空1. Jim went to answer the phone. _， Harry started to prepare lunch.A. However B. Nevertheless C. Besides D. Meanwhile答案 D解析 考查副词用法。句意：吉姆去接电话，与此同时，哈里开始准备午餐。前后两个句子是相同的语意关系，在时间上表示同时，所以用meanwhile。2. In dealing with public relations， we should make every effort to prevent the _ in personality.A. contact B. contrast C. connection D. conflict答案 D解析 句意：在处理公众关系中，我们应竭尽全力来阻止个性之间的冲突。 conflict“争执；冲突”； contact“接触；联系”； connection“联系”； contrast“对照；对比”。3. In many places of the world people often gather to laugh wildly just to _ stress in life.A. rescue B. restore C. replace D. relieve答案 D解析 句意：在世界上的很多地方，人们经常聚集到一起大笑来减轻生活的压力。 rescue“营救”； restore“使恢复；归还”； replace“替换”； relieve“减轻；解除”。4. If most breadwinners _ a days pay to the Hope Project， then it will be hopeful.A. gift B. donate C. present D. give答案 B解析 句意：如果大多数有能力挣钱的人给希望工程捐上一日的薪水的话，希望工程就很有希望了。 gift“赋予”；donate“捐赠”； present“呈现”； give“给予”。此处应是捐赠。. 短语应用1. The teacher thought his students needed more practice and learning skills _ much homework.A. other than B. rather than C. more than D. in place of答案 B解析 句意：老师认为他的学生需要更多的实践和学习技巧而不是太多的作业。 other than“除了”； rather than“而不是”； more than“多于”； in place of“代替”。2. The students puzzled look suggested that she failed to _ what I said.A. take out B. pick out C. figure out D. find out答案 C解析 考查动词短语辨析。句意：那个学生迷惑的表情表明她没能理解我所说的。take out“拿出”； pick out“挑选”； find out“查明”均不符合语境。figure out“理解；想出”正确。. 单词拼写1. Two men are _ (协助) the police with their enquirers.2. Many people died of _ (饥饿) in the past.3. She found herself in _ (分歧) with her parents over her future career.4. Crowds burst through the _ (屏障) and ran onto the pitch.5. You are not p _ access to confidential files. 6. The use of certain chemicals has now been _ (宣布) illegal.7. Tom is a _ (同事) of mine at the bank.8. Hundreds of people are still in the water， waiting to be r_.9. There is a fire _ (出口) on each floor of the building， for people to escape in case of fire.10. We are anxiously awaiting the o _ of the negotiations.答案 1. assisting 2. starvation 3. conflict 4. barriers 5. permitted 6. declared 7. colleague 8. rescued 9. exit 10. outcome. 用括号中所给出的短语补全下列句子as long as; make great contributions to; in terms of; out of the ordinary; make a great breakthrough; in conclusion; in advance; take control; on ones own; look into1. Computers will be more powerful than the human brain _ intelligence.2. Hubbe was _ in exploring the space.3. He was about to throw it away when he noticed something _.4. The two brothers _ the development of aircraft.5. _， space exploration is still in its initial stage.6. We will keep exploring the space _ people remain curious.7. He did the experiment _.8. They are _ the cause of the accident.9. In the future， small computers will _ of most of the things instead of people.10. We should prepare for the party _.答案 1. in terms of 2. making a great breakthrough 3. out of the ordinary 4. made great contributions to 5. In conclusion 6. as long as 7. on his own 8. looking into 9. take control 10. in advance