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第二部分 语法专题研究 专题七专题七 动词动词(必考:每年(必考:每年69道,道,69分;单分;单选、完形、短文填空)选、完形、短文填空)命题点命题点2 同一介同一介/副词型副词型(必考:(必考:23道,道,23分;单选、完分;单选、完形)形)第二节第二节 动词短语辨析动词短语辨析 中考试练 省卷省卷6年真题年真题(20112016)24. (2016省卷省卷37题)题)Martin and Susan _ for Shanghai to attend an international meeting yesterday.A. put off B. fell off C. set off D. kept offC 一【解析【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:昨天考查动词短语辨析。句意:昨天马丁和苏珊马丁和苏珊_去上海参加一个国际去上海参加一个国际会议。会议。put off推迟;推迟;fall off减少;减少;set off 启启程;程;keep off让开。根据语境可知,应该是让开。根据语境可知,应该是启程去上海。故选启程去上海。故选C。 25. (2015省卷省卷35题)题)Mum, shall we go to the beach tomorrow?It _ the weather.A. carries on B. lives onC. depends on D. holds onC 【解析【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意考查动词短语辨析。句意“妈妈妈,我们明天能去海滩吗?妈,我们明天能去海滩吗?”“”“它它_天气。天气。”carries on执行;执行;lives on居住;居住;depends on 取决于;取决于;holds on坚持。根据语境可知,取决于天气。故坚持。根据语境可知,取决于天气。故选选C。 26. (2014省卷省卷34题)题)I will miss my family when I go abroad for further study this autumn.Dont worry. You can _ them by e-mail.A. come up with B. get along withC. make friends with D. keep in touch withD 【解析【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意考查动词短语辨析。句意“今年秋今年秋天去国外进修时,我将会想念我的家天去国外进修时,我将会想念我的家人。人。”“”“不用担心。你可以通过电子邮件和不用担心。你可以通过电子邮件和他们他们_。”come up with提出,想出;提出,想出;get along with与与和睦相处,取得进展;和睦相处,取得进展;make friends with和和交朋友;交朋友;keep in touch with与与保持联系。联系句意可知此保持联系。联系句意可知此处表示保持联系,故选处表示保持联系,故选D。27. (2011省卷省卷42题)题)Smoking is bad for your health. You d better_.A. set it up B. give it upC. pick it up D. look it upB 【解析【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:吸烟对考查动词短语辨析。句意:吸烟对你的健康有害。你最好你的健康有害。你最好_。set(it) up建立;建立;give(it) up放弃;放弃;pick(it) up捡起;捡起;look(it) up查阅。根据语境查阅。根据语境“吸烟有害于健康,吸烟有害于健康,你最好放弃你最好放弃”可知选可知选B。 创新猜押创新猜押28. In some small villages, people make a living by _ trees in the mountain, but in fact it can do a great harm to the environment.A. cutting down B. taking downC. pulling down D. turning down down短语A 二【解析【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:在一些】考查动词短语辨析。句意:在一些小村庄,人们通过小村庄,人们通过_山上的树来谋生,山上的树来谋生,但事实上,这对环境造成的危害很大。但事实上,这对环境造成的危害很大。cutting down 砍倒;砍倒;taking down拆除;拆除;pulling down 摧毁;摧毁;turning down 调低。由调低。由语境可知此处指砍树,故选语境可知此处指砍树,故选A。29. The computer system _suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet. A. broke up B. broke out C. broke down D. broke inC 【解析【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:当他在考查动词短语辨析。句意:当他在网上查找信息时,电脑系统突然网上查找信息时,电脑系统突然_。broke up 分手,分解;分手,分解; broke out 爆发;爆发;broke down 出故障;出故障; broke in 插话。根据语插话。根据语境可知,表示境可知,表示“出故障出故障”,故选,故选C。30. The old building has been used for more than 65 years, so the government makes a decision to _ it _ and build a new one.A. die; down B. turn; downC. cut; down D. pull; downD 【解析【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:这栋考查动词短语辨析。句意:这栋旧建筑已经被使用超过旧建筑已经被使用超过65年了,因此政府年了,因此政府决定决定_它,建一栋新楼。它,建一栋新楼。die down 逐渐变弱;逐渐变弱;turn down 调低;调低;cut down 砍到;砍到;pull down 拆除。根据语境可知,将房子拆拆除。根据语境可知,将房子拆除,故选除,故选D。31. Jerry, would you please to go hiking with me this Sunday?I am afraid I cant. My parents and I plan to _ my grandpa in the country this weekend.A. call on B. go on C. get on D. rely onon短语A 【解析【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意为考查动词短语辨析。句意为“杰里,杰里,你这周日愿意和我一起去徒步旅行吗?你这周日愿意和我一起去徒步旅行吗?”“”“恐恐怕我不能,我和我父母计划这周末去农村怕我不能,我和我父母计划这周末去农村_我爷爷。我爷爷。”call on 拜访;拜访;go on 继续;继续;get on 相处;相处;rely on 依靠。根据语境可知此句依靠。根据语境可知此句表示:我和我父母计划这周末去农村拜访我爷表示:我和我父母计划这周末去农村拜访我爷爷。故选爷。故选A。32. Many children _ their parents too much. They should learn how to look after themselves. A. get on B. keep on C. hold on D. depend onD 【解析【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:许多孩考查动词短语辨析。句意:许多孩子们过多地子们过多地_他们的父母。他们应该他们的父母。他们应该学会如何照顾自己。学会如何照顾自己。get on 上车;上车;keep on 继继续;续;hold on 坚持;坚持;depend on 依赖,依靠。依赖,依靠。下句提到下句提到“They should learn how to look after themselves.”可知,孩子们过多地依赖父可知,孩子们过多地依赖父母,故选母,故选D。33. Jane is very busy these days, for she has a lot of problems to _.A. deal with B. keep up withC. agree with D. come up withwith短语A 【解析【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:这些天考查动词短语辨析。句意:这些天简太忙了,因为她有很多问题要简太忙了,因为她有很多问题要_。deal with处理,解决;处理,解决;keep up with赶上,和赶上,和保持联系;保持联系;agree with同意;同意;come up with想出,提出。分析语境可知,是有很多想出,提出。分析语境可知,是有很多问题要解决。故选问题要解决。故选A。 34. Its necessary to _ your teachers and classmates so that you can enjoy your school life.A. agree with B. catch up withC. get along well with D. get in touch withC 【解析【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:和你的考查动词短语辨析。句意:和你的老师和同学老师和同学_是必要的,以便你更好是必要的,以便你更好地享受学校生活。地享受学校生活。agree with 同意;同意;catch up with 追赶上;追赶上;get along well with 与与相处相处得好;得好;get in touch with 与与取得联系。后取得联系。后面提到面提到“you can enjoy your school life”可知可知,应该与老师和同学相处好,故选,应该与老师和同学相处好,故选C。 35. It may be rainy this afternoon. Youd better _ an umbrella or a raincoat.A. go away B. stay awayC. clear away D. take awayaway短语D 【解析【解析】考查动词短语。句意:今天下午可考查动词短语。句意:今天下午可能有雨,你最好能有雨,你最好_一把雨伞或一件雨一把雨伞或一件雨衣。衣。go away 走开;走开;stay away 外出;外出;clear away 扫除;扫除;take away 带走,拿走。根据语带走,拿走。根据语境可知,是带雨伞或雨衣。故选境可知,是带雨伞或雨衣。故选D。36. When the thief saw the police, he _quickly. A. threw away B. put awayC. ran away D. took awayC 【解析【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:当小考查动词短语辨析。句意:当小偷看到警察时,他很快偷看到警察时,他很快_。threw away扔掉;扔掉;put away将将收起;收起;ran away跑掉;跑掉;took away拿走。根据语境可拿走。根据语境可知,小偷很快逃走。故选知,小偷很快逃走。故选C。 37. When I got to the bus stop, I missed the early bus and I had to _ the next one.A. send for B. compete forC. call for D. wait forfor短语D 【解析【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:当我考查动词短语辨析。句意:当我到公交车站的时候,我错过了早班车,所到公交车站的时候,我错过了早班车,所以我不得不以我不得不_下一班。下一班。send for 派派人去请;人去请;compete for 为为竞争;竞争;call for 要求;要求;wait for 等待。根据等待。根据“missed”可知可知等下一班车。故选等下一班车。故选D。 38. The poor boys parents go to work in Shenzhen, so his grandparents have to _ him now. A. look for B. leave forC. care for D. prepare forC 【解析【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:这个可怜考查动词短语辨析。句意:这个可怜的男孩的父母都去深圳上班了,因此现在他祖的男孩的父母都去深圳上班了,因此现在他祖父母不得不父母不得不_他。他。look for 寻找;寻找;leave for 前往;前往;care for 照顾;照顾;prepare for 为为做准备。由句意可知此处表示,他的祖父母不做准备。由句意可知此处表示,他的祖父母不得不照顾他,故选得不照顾他,故选C。39.I cant _ the math problem. Could you help me?I also think it is difficult. Let s ask Miss Wang for help. A. come out B. work out C. take out D. point outout短语B 【解析【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意为考查动词短语辨析。句意为“我不我不能能_这道数学题,你可以帮助我这道数学题,你可以帮助我吗?吗?”“”“我也认为它难,让我们去问王老师我也认为它难,让我们去问王老师吧。吧。come out 出版,出来;出版,出来;work out 算出;算出;take out 取出;取出;point out 指出。由指出。由the math problem可知,应该是算出这道数学题,可知,应该是算出这道数学题,故选故选B。 40. I think its necessary for the police to wear plain clothes when they _ special tasks. A. bring out B. give out C. check out D. carry outD 【解析【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我认为考查动词短语辨析。句意:我认为对于警察来说对于警察来说_危险的任务时穿着便危险的任务时穿着便衣是必要的。衣是必要的。bring out 使使显现;显现; give out 分发,释放;分发,释放;check out 查明,结账;查明,结账;carry out 执行。根据语境及执行。根据语境及dangerous tasks可知,应该表示可知,应该表示“执行执行”,故选,故选D。41. Bob is taking the desks away because they _ too much room.A. stand up B. pick upC. take up D. listen upup短语C 【解析【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:鲍勃正考查动词短语辨析。句意:鲍勃正在把桌子搬走,因为它们在把桌子搬走,因为它们_了太多的了太多的空间。空间。stand up站起来,起立;站起来,起立; pick up捡起,捡起,接接(某人某人);take up占据占据(时间或空间时间或空间),从事;,从事;listen up注意听。根据句意注意听。根据句意“把桌子搬走把桌子搬走”可可知,它们占据了太多的空间。故选知,它们占据了太多的空间。故选C。42. Dont _ late, Mary. You have a singing competition tomorrow morning.OK, dad, Ill go to bed right now.A. dress up B. grow upC. mix up D. stay up D 【解析【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意考查动词短语辨析。句意“不要不要_太晚,玛丽。明天早上你有一个歌太晚,玛丽。明天早上你有一个歌唱比赛。唱比赛。”“”“好的,爸爸,我现在就去睡好的,爸爸,我现在就去睡觉。觉。”dress up打扮;打扮;grow up长大;长大;mix up混合;混合;stay up熬夜。根据语境可知,不要熬熬夜。根据语境可知,不要熬夜太晚。故选夜太晚。故选D。43. Excuse me, how can I get to the train station? You are taking the wrong bus. I m afraid youll have to _ at the Bank of China and take No.6 bus. A. break off B. get off C. turn off D. go offoff短语B 【解析【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意考查动词短语辨析。句意“打扰了,打扰了,我怎样去火车站呢?我怎样去火车站呢?”“”“你坐错车了。恐怕你你坐错车了。恐怕你不得不在中国银行不得不在中国银行_,然后乘坐,然后乘坐6路路车。车。” break off 折断;折断;get off 下车;下车;turn off 关闭;关闭;go off离开。由后面离开。由后面“take No.6 bus”可可知,是指在中国银行下车,故选知,是指在中国银行下车,故选B。44. Yesterday Tommy walked past my table and _ my bowls and dishes.He should be careful next time. A. knocked off B. took offC. showed off D. turned offA 【解析【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意考查动词短语辨析。句意“昨天汤昨天汤米从我的桌子上走过,米从我的桌子上走过,_我的碗和盘我的碗和盘子。子。”“”“她下次应该小心点儿。她下次应该小心点儿。”knocked off击倒,中断;击倒,中断;took off起飞,脱掉;起飞,脱掉;showed off炫耀;炫耀;turned off关掉。根据语境可知,汤关掉。根据语境可知,汤米打翻我的碗和盘子。故选米打翻我的碗和盘子。故选A。45. I kept asking Mr. Smith to stay for lunch, so he finally _.A. gave up B. gave outC. gave in D. gave awayin短语C 【解析【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我考查动词短语辨析。句意:我一直请史密斯先生留下来吃晚饭,最终一直请史密斯先生留下来吃晚饭,最终他他_。gave up 放弃;放弃;gave out 泄露;泄露;gave in 让步;让步;gave away 分发。分发。此处表示此处表示“我我”一直请史密斯先生留下一直请史密斯先生留下来吃晚饭,他最后让步了,故选来吃晚饭,他最后让步了,故选C。 46. Its 10:00. Why dont you go to bed? I am writing a composition. Our teacher asked us to _ tomorrow morning.A. hand in B. believe inC. take in D. break inA 【解析【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意为考查动词短语辨析。句意为“十点了,十点了,你怎么还不去睡觉?你怎么还不去睡觉?”“”“我正在写一篇作文,我正在写一篇作文,我们的老师让我们明天早上我们的老师让我们明天早上_。”hand in 上交;上交;believe in 相信;相信;take in 理解;理解;break in 插话。根据语境可知应是插话。根据语境可知应是“上交作文上交作文”,故,故选选A。47.We must pay attention to some bad habits, such as smoking and drinking, because they sometimes _ serious results.A. turn to B. lead toC. point to D. stick toto短语B 【解析【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们必须考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们必须注意这些坏习惯,例如吸烟喝酒。因为它们有注意这些坏习惯,例如吸烟喝酒。因为它们有时候时候_严重的结果。严重的结果。turn to 向向求求助;助;lead to 导致;导致;point to 指;指;stick to 坚持。坚持。结合语境可知此处表示,它们有时候会导致严结合语境可知此处表示,它们有时候会导致严重的结果,故选重的结果,故选B。 48. When you visit a foreign country, you should _ the local customs and follow them.A. make contributions toB. do harm toC. pay attention toD. look forward toC 【解析【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:当你去考查动词短语辨析。句意:当你去外国的时候,你应该外国的时候,你应该_当地的风俗并当地的风俗并且遵守它们。且遵守它们。make contributions to 为为做做贡献;贡献; do harm to 对对有害;有害;pay attention to 注意;注意;look forward to 盼望着。盼望着。根据语境可知,是注意当地的风俗,故选根据语境可知,是注意当地的风俗,故选C。 满分突破 广东近广东近6年中考对同一介年中考对同一介/副词型的动词短副词型的动词短语考查较多,如语考查较多,如2016年的年的off短语和短语和up短语,短语,2015年年on短语和短语和up短语,短语,2014年年with短语、短语、out短语和短语和on短语等。主要在单项填空和完形短语等。主要在单项填空和完形填空中考查。考生应注意积累常见动词短语填空中考查。考生应注意积累常见动词短语及词义,可结合及词义,可结合32K早读早读30分分重点记忆重点记忆动词短语。动词短语。例例:She wants to _ her job and go to study in Australia.A. grow up B. wake upC. pick up D. give up【方法点拨【方法点拨】第第步:分析四个选项可知,步:分析四个选项可知,此题考查此题考查“不同动词不同动词+同一介词同一介词”的辨析。的辨析。选项的含义分别是:选项的含义分别是:A项:长大;项:长大;B项:项:醒来;醒来;C项:捡起来;项:捡起来;D项:放弃。项:放弃。第第步:根据句意步:根据句意“她想要她想要_她的工作她的工作,去去澳大利亚学习。澳大利亚学习。”由句中的关键信息由句中的关键信息“go to study in Australia”可知,前半句要表达可知,前半句要表达“放弃工作放弃工作”,故选,故选D。常见同一介词常见同一介词/副词型副词型down短语短语sit down坐下坐下(2011.46); cut down砍倒;砍倒;look down俯俯视;视;put down放下;放下; set down放下;放下;turn down调小,调小,减少,关小减少,关小;come down 降落,落下;降落,落下;settle down定居定居下来,平静下来;下来,平静下来;write down 写下写下on短语短语depend on依赖,依靠依赖,依靠(2015.35);keep on继续继续(2014.53);carry on继续;继续;try on试穿,试验;试穿,试验;live on以以为食,靠为食,靠生活;生活;hold on等一下;等一下;put on穿上,上演穿上,上演with短语短语keep in touch with保持联系保持联系(2014.34);come up with想出想出(2013.47);get along with和和和睦相和睦相处;处;make friends with与与交朋友;交朋友;get up with追上,赶上;追上,赶上;go on with继续,进行;继续,进行;catch up with赶上,追上;赶上,追上;fight with和和打架;打架;play with和和玩耍;玩耍;agree with同意同意;deal with处理;处理;connect with与与相连;相连;talk with与与交谈交谈away短语短语throw away扔掉扔掉(2015.51);take away 拿走拿走(2013.48);run away跑掉;跑掉;go away走开,离走开,离开;开;for短语短语pay for为为而付钱而付钱(2011.50);wait for 等待;等待;look for寻找;寻找;ask for请求;请求;care for关爱关爱out短语短语take out取出取出(2014.50);find out发现;发现;look out小心;小心;hand out分发;分发;set out安排,出发;安排,出发;put out伸出,看来;伸出,看来;up短语短语cheer up使使高兴高兴(2015.55);give up放弃放弃(2016.50,2011.42);grew up长大;长大;bring up提出;提出;catch up赶上;赶上;call up打电话;打电话;pick up 捡起;捡起;stay up熬夜;熬夜;put up搭建;搭建;fix up修理;修理;make up和和解,化妆;解,化妆;set up建立;建立;turn up出现,出现,发生;发生;ring up打电话;打电话;speed up加速;加速;look up仰望,查阅仰望,查阅off短语短语 set off出发出发(2016.37);put off推迟;推迟; fell off跌倒;跌倒;keep off勿踏,勿踩勿踏,勿踩in短语短语believe in信任;信任;fill in填充;填充;hand in 上上交;交;lie in在于;在于;result in导致;导致;share in共享;共享;take in订阅,卷起;订阅,卷起;succeed in成功;成功;arrived in到达某地;到达某地;break in闯入,强行进入闯入,强行进入 to短语短语lead to导致;导致;point to指向;指向;stick to坚坚持;持;hold to抓住;抓住;agree to同意;同意;attend to处理;处理;belong to属于属于
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