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本单元本单元by + v.-ing结构是一个重点，该结构意义是结构是一个重点，该结构意义是“ 通过通过，凭（以），凭（以）”，后面常接，后面常接 v.-ing形式，表形式，表示示“ 通过某种方式得到某种结果通过某种方式得到某种结果”。e.g. 通过看英文电影，我的英语提高了。通过看英文电影，我的英语提高了。My English has improved by watching English movies. 介词介词by + v.-ing结构常用来回答结构常用来回答How do you？或？或者者 How can？之类的问题，？之类的问题，How can I turn on the TV? 我怎么开电视？我怎么开电视？By pressing this button. 按这个键。按这个键。一、介词一、介词by用法小结用法小结1.动名词作主语。动名词作主语。 Getting up early is good for your health.此时可以用此时可以用 it 作形式主语，而把真正的主语后置。如上句可换为：作形式主语，而把真正的主语后置。如上句可换为：Its good for your health to get up early.2.动名词作宾语。动名词作宾语。此时它一般放在某一及物动词或介此时它一般放在某一及物动词或介词之后充当该动词或介词的宾语。词之后充当该动词或介词的宾语。后跟动名词作宾语的及物动词常有：后跟动名词作宾语的及物动词常有：finish, enjoy, keep, mind, practice, stand, suggest, consider 等。等。 二、动名词用法小结二、动名词用法小结e.g. 她已写完了作文。她已写完了作文。She has finished writing her composition.作介词的宾语，包括以介词结尾的动词短语，如：作介词的宾语，包括以介词结尾的动词短语，如：give up, take part in, be good at 等。等。e.g.我知道你擅长画画。我知道你擅长画画。I know you are good at drawing pictures.二、动名词用法小结二、动名词用法小结1.Do you often memorize new words by _ (make) word cards?2.I think _ (watch) English-language videos is very helpful for you to learn English.3.Can you finish _ (do) your homework before nine oclock?4.Dont worry about _ (make) mistakes when you talk to foreigners in English.5.Do you enjoy _ (listen) to cassettes? 6.Would you mind _ (stay) here until you solve the problem?7. _ (be) patient is necessary for our study.8.The doctor told my father to give up _ (smoke).用所给词的适当形式填空。用所给词的适当形式填空。making watching doingmakinglisteningstayingBeingsmoking 分享英语学习的经验与方法是书面表达的一个重要内分享英语学习的经验与方法是书面表达的一个重要内容。在写此类提建议短文时，最重要的是将你所提的建容。在写此类提建议短文时，最重要的是将你所提的建议罗列清楚，掌握几个常用的句型，必要时可列一个提议罗列清楚，掌握几个常用的句型，必要时可列一个提纲，正确运用过渡词展开写作。纲，正确运用过渡词展开写作。 常用句型归纳如下：常用句型归纳如下： 1.There are some good ways to2.I think you should3.It is also a good idea tobecause4.You could try to improve your English by5.This will help you to6.Never give up and keep trying. Youll make progress. 假如你是李雷假如你是李雷,收到了一封玲玲的来收到了一封玲玲的来信信,信中她说她的英语很差，不知道怎信中她说她的英语很差，不知道怎样提高样提高,希望你给予帮助。请用英语写希望你给予帮助。请用英语写一封回信一封回信,信的开头已给出。信的开头已给出。80词左右。词左右。Dear Lingling, I heard from you yesterday. I knew your English is bad. In fact, English is not as difficult as you think. Here are some good ways for you. Firstly, you should get everything ready before class and dont be shy to speak English in class or out of class. Secondly, listen carefully and make notes when youre in class. It can help you understand the lesson better. Thirdly, revise the lesson after the class. Dont worry too much about it. Last, Keep trying and youll soon learn it better.Yours,Li Lei
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